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Evidence suggests Ketogenic Diet mayincreaseMitochondrial function.
201 studies (222 claims)
Emerging evidence
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| low-AGE-containing diet | Increases - improved | renal function | Animal | overweight and obese individuals | Not specified | Targeted reduction of advanced glycation improves renal function in obesity.cited 92× |
| Combining ginger and omega-3 in the diet | No effect - may provide a natural approach to preserving | heart structure and function | Animal | — | 100 mg/kg ginger extract, orally administered. | Ginger Extract and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation: A Promising Strategy to Improve Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.cited 1× |
| high fructose and high salt diet | Increases - induces | impaired renal function | Animal | rodents | Enalapril (4 mg/kg/d), losartan (8 mg/kg/d) | Impact of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system on early cardiac and renal abnormalities in Sprague Dawley rats fed short-term high fructose plus high salt diet.cited 1× |
| classic ketogenic diet (cKD) | Increases - enhance | mitochondrial function | Human | — | Not specified | Clinical Efficacy and Safety of the Ketogenic Diet in Patients with Genetic Confirmation of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy. |
| adding a daily amount of chocolate high in cocoa content and polyphenols to the normal diet | No effect - assess the effect | vascular function | Human | postmenopausal women | 10 g daily of 99% cocoa chocolate (59 kcal, 65.4 mg polyphenols). | Vascular and cognitive effects of cocoa-rich chocolate in postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.cited 8× |
| compounds found in the skins of grapes, including catechins, quercetin, and resveratrol, added to the diet | Increases - improved | skeletal-muscle mitochondrial function | Animal | rodents | Not specified (grape drink consumed daily) | Grape consumption's effects on fitness, muscle injury, mood, and perceived health.cited 20× |
| high-fat/high-fructose diet plus O. viverrini infection | Decreases - associated with the more pronounced impaired liver function | liver function | Animal | male golden hamsters | Not specified (described as "high-fat/high-fructose diet"). | High-fat/high-fructose diet and Opisthorchis viverrini infection promote metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease via inflammation, fibrogenesis, and metabolic dysfunction. |
| strict gluten-free diet (GFD) | Increases - caused notable improvements | liver function | Human | pediatric patients with celiac disease | Not specified | Assessing the Impact of a Gluten-Free Diet on Celiac Disease Symptoms in Children: A Comprehensive Review.cited 1× |
| high-sodium (HS) diet | No effect - does not negatively affect | endothelial function | Human | patients with POTS | Low-sodium diet (10 mEq/day) and high-sodium diet (300 mEq/day). | High-sodium diet does not worsen endothelial function in female patients with postural tachycardia syndrome.cited 3× |
| low long-chain fat diet with middle-chain triglyceride formula and L-carnitine supplementation | Increases - considerably improved | cardiac function | Human | a Korean child with malonic aciduria | — | A Korean child diagnosed with malonic aciduria harboring a novel start codon mutation following presentation with dilated cardiomyopathy. |
| 4 weeks on an increased protein diet (25% of energy intake) | No effect - did not affect | renal function | Human | — | 60 g/day | Effect of increased protein intake on renal acid load and renal hemodynamic responses.cited 10× |
| K-MIND diet | Increases - improves | cognitive function | Human | — | Not specified | Modified Korean MIND Diet: A Nutritional Intervention for Improved Cognitive Function in Elderly Women through Mitochondrial Respiration, Inflammation Suppression, and Amino Acid Metabolism Regulation.cited 4× |
| diet high or low in AGEs | No effect - had no impact | endothelial function | Human | healthy middle-aged to older adults | Not specified (diets prepared at high or mild temperatures). | Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products did not affect endothelial function and inflammation in healthy adults in a randomized controlled trial.cited 56× |
| higher adherence to the MIND diet | Increases - higher | cognitive function evaluation score | Human | — | Not specified | Effect of MIND diet on cognitive function in elderly: a narrative review with emphasis on bioactive food ingredients.cited 4× |
| MIND diet | Increases - improving | cognitive function | Human | — | Not specified | Effect of MIND diet on cognitive function in elderly: a narrative review with emphasis on bioactive food ingredients.cited 4× |
| higher adherence to the MIND diet | Increases - was associated with better | global cognitive function | Human | middle-aged and older adults | Not specified (MIND diet score range: 0-12). | Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and Cognitive Function and its Decline: A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.cited 25× |
| every 3-point increment of MIND diet scores | Increases - adjusted difference in | global cognitive function z-score | Human | middle-aged and older adults | Not specified (MIND diet score range: 0-12). | Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and Cognitive Function and its Decline: A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.cited 25× |
| Mediterranean diet adherence | No effect - no beneficial effect | cognitive function | Human | subjects irrespective of educational level | Not specified | Mediterranean diet and cognitive function: a French study.cited 94× |
| plant-focused pea protein-supplemented diet (PP-D) | No effect - did not affect | intracellular anabolic signalling, muscle architecture, strength, metabolic rate, renal function or whole-body nitrogen balance (WBNB) | Human | middle-to-older aged adults | 1.0g·kg BM-1·day-1 of protein from either animal (whey) or plant (pea) sources. | Resistance training increases myofibrillar protein synthesis in middle-to-older aged adults consuming a typical diet with no influence of protein source: a randomized controlled trial. |
| animal-focused whey protein-supplemented diet (AW-D) | No effect - did not affect | intracellular anabolic signalling, muscle architecture, strength, metabolic rate, renal function or whole-body nitrogen balance (WBNB) | Human | middle-to-older aged adults | 1.0g·kg BM-1·day-1 of protein from either animal (whey) or plant (pea) sources. | Resistance training increases myofibrillar protein synthesis in middle-to-older aged adults consuming a typical diet with no influence of protein source: a randomized controlled trial. |
| Western diet (WD) of high fat, sucrose, and cholesterol | Decreases - altered | energy balance and glucose homeostasis, allodynia and cardiac function | Animal | mice | Not specified (low-dose STZ mentioned but exact dosage not provided). | Comparison of western diet-induced obesity and streptozotocin mouse models: insights into energy balance, somatosensory dysfunction, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy.cited 2× |
| fish oil (FO) diet | Increases - recovered similarly to | recovery of muscle contractile function | AnimalMolecular | aged (22 mo.) rats | 33 g/kg fish oil (45% EPA, 10% DHA) in diet for rats; 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL for C2C12 cells. | Fish Oil Supplement Mitigates Muscle Injury In Vivo and In Vitro: A Preliminary Report. |
| control diet | Decreases - reduced | recovery of muscle contractile function | AnimalMolecular | aged (22 mo.) rats | 33 g/kg fish oil (45% EPA, 10% DHA) in diet for rats; 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL for C2C12 cells. | Fish Oil Supplement Mitigates Muscle Injury In Vivo and In Vitro: A Preliminary Report. |
| MIND diet group with no support | No effect - No significant differences or interactions | cognitive function | Human | participants (aged 40-55 years, male and female) | Not specified. | The MIND diet, cognitive function, and well-being among healthy adults at midlife: a randomised feasibility trial. |
| MIND diet with support group | No effect - No significant differences or interactions | cognitive function | Human | participants (aged 40-55 years, male and female) | Not specified. | The MIND diet, cognitive function, and well-being among healthy adults at midlife: a randomised feasibility trial. |
| almond-enriched American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet | Decreases - greater reductions in | homeostasis model analysis for beta-cell function | Human | adults with prediabetes | 20% of daily energy intake from almonds (~2 oz per day). | Almond consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in adults with prediabetes.cited 93× |
| low-protein diet (LPD) (5.77% protein) | Decreases - clearly ameliorated | damage as shown by the assessment of renal function and histology, particularly tubulointerstitial damage in diabetic kidneys | Animal | Diabetic male Wistar fatty (fa/fa) rats (WFRs) | 5.77% protein diet | A very-low-protein diet ameliorates advanced diabetic nephropathy through autophagy induction by suppression of the mTORC1 pathway in Wistar fatty rats, an animal model of type 2 diabetes and obesity.cited 70× |
| Low protein diet (LPD) | Decreases - reducing | decline in kidney function | Human | — | Not specified | Low Protein Diet Reduces Proteinuria and Decline in Glomerular Filtration Rate in Advanced, Heavy Proteinuric Diabetic Kidney Disease.cited 3× |
| Low-protein diet | Decreases - is the recommended nutritional intervention | kidney function | Human | nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients | Not specified | Trimethylamine N-Oxide From Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Diet. |
| Low-protein diet | Decreases - is the recommended nutritional intervention | kidney function | Human | nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients | Not specified | Trimethylamine N-Oxide From Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Focus on Diet. |
| low-protein diet | Increases - improved | mitochondrial function | Human | patients affected by COL6 myopathies | Not specified | Autophagy activation in COL6 myopathic patients by a low-protein-diet pilot trial.cited 40× |
| low-protein diet | No effect - preservation | muscle function | Human | patients affected by COL6 myopathies | Not specified | Autophagy activation in COL6 myopathic patients by a low-protein-diet pilot trial.cited 40× |
| low protein diet (LPD) | Increases - regained his ability to roll over | motor function | Human | younger brother with ECHS1D | Not specified (low protein diet and valine-restricted diet). | Valine-restricted diet for patients with ECHS1 deficiency: Divergent clinical outcomes in two Japanese siblings.cited 15× |
| low-protein diet | Decreases - may be due to altered | peroxisomal, mitochondrial and gut microbiota function | Human | — | Not specified | Dietary protein insufficiency: an important consideration in fatty liver disease?cited 36× |
| low-protein diet (LPD) | No effect - presented an improvement | renal function | Human | nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (stage 3-4) who adhered to the diet | 0.6 g/kg/day (prescribed), actual intake 0.7 ± 0.2 g/kg/day | Does Low-Protein Diet Influence the Uremic Toxin Serum Levels From the Gut Microbiota in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients?cited 70× |
| low protein diet (LPD) | Increases - showed a significant renal function preservation | renal function | Human | CKD patients | Not specified | Review and Practical Excursus of the Propensity Score: Low Protein Diet Compared to Mediterranean Diet in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.cited 1× |
| low-protein diet (LPD) | Decreases - can be expected to retard | renal function decline | Human | patients in advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including diabetic kidney disease (DKD) | Not specified | A Low-Protein Diet for Diabetic Kidney Disease: Its Effect and Molecular Mechanism, an Approach from Animal Studies.cited 37× |
| standard diet supplemented with guarana | Decreases - had a beneficial effect | hepatic function parameters | Animal | male Wistar Furth rats with alloxan induced diabetes | Not specified | Guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption improves hepatic and renal parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.cited 1× |
| standard diet supplemented with guarana | Decreases - had a beneficial effect | renal function parameters | Animal | male Wistar Furth rats with alloxan induced diabetes | Not specified | Guarana (Paullinia cupana) consumption improves hepatic and renal parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.cited 1× |
| fiber-rich diet with brown rice | Increases - improved | endothelial function | Human | patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus | Not specified (dietary intervention with brown rice vs. white rice). | Fiber-rich diet with brown rice improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.cited 46× |
| brown rice diet | Increases - greater improvement in | endothelial function | Human | patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus | Not specified (dietary intervention with brown rice vs. white rice). | Fiber-rich diet with brown rice improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.cited 46× |
| MEDi-POB diet | No effect - remained well-preserved | Kidney function | Human | Korean patients with stage 3-4 CKD | Home-delivered meals twice daily, 5 days a week. | Safety and impact of the Mediterranean diet in patients with chronic kidney disease: a pilot randomized crossover trial.cited 2× |
| high fruit and vegetable (F&V) diet | Increases - improving | lung function | Human | children with asthma | Increased F&V intake by ~3.5 serves/day (intervention vs. control). | The effects of increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children with asthma: A randomized controlled trial.cited 18× |
| low-carbohydrate (LC) diet without caloric restriction (CR) | Increases - would improve | macro- and microvascular endothelial function | Human | women with obesity | ~10% carbohydrate calories (with or without a 500-calorie/day deficit). | The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Macrovascular and Microvascular Endothelial Function is Not Affected by the Provision of Caloric Restriction in Women with Obesity: A Randomized Study.cited 10× |
| low-carbohydrate (LC) diet with caloric restriction (CR) | No effect - would not improve | macro- and microvascular endothelial function | Human | women with obesity | ~10% carbohydrate calories (with or without a 500-calorie/day deficit). | The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Macrovascular and Microvascular Endothelial Function is Not Affected by the Provision of Caloric Restriction in Women with Obesity: A Randomized Study.cited 10× |
| 6-week LC diet intervention, regardless of CR | Increases - the magnitude was more than baseline | decrease in microvascular endothelial function after blocking nitric oxide production | Human | women with obesity | ~10% carbohydrate calories (with or without a 500-calorie/day deficit). | The Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Macrovascular and Microvascular Endothelial Function is Not Affected by the Provision of Caloric Restriction in Women with Obesity: A Randomized Study.cited 10× |
| Supplementation of the diet with 7.5mmol of nitrate per day for 2 weeks | No effect - did not improve | endothelial function | Human | individuals with T2DM | 250ml beetroot juice daily (containing 7.5mmol nitrate). | Effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure, endothelial function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.cited 189× |
| high fat diet | Increases - resulted in higher serum levels of | cardiac, inflammatory and kidney function biomarkers | Animal | male Wistar rats | — | Countering adipose tissue dysfunction could underlie the superiority of telmisartan in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension. |
| high-fat diet (HFD) | Decreases - deleterious effect | cognitive function | Animal | AD animal models | Not specified | The effect of dietary fat consumption on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis in mouse models.cited 22× |
| high-fat diet | Decreases - compromised | in vivo mitochondrial function | Animal | Wistar rats | — | Carnitine supplementation in high-fat diet-fed rats does not ameliorate lipid-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo. |
| high fat diet (HFD) | Decreases - reduced | LG secretory function | Animal | animal model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced DED | 5% PSP powder added to the diet | Purple Sweet Potato Powder Containing Anthocyanin Mitigates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Dry Eye Disease.cited 7× |
| high fat diet | Increases - further connect | sugar metabolism, oxidative stress, α-synuclein aggregation and accumulation, inflammatory response and mitochondrial function | Human | PD models and sporadic PD | Not specified | Type 2 diabetes mellitus augments Parkinson's disease risk or the other way around: Facts, challenges and future possibilities.cited 10× |
| a 12-week brisk walking and diet education program | Increases - marginally improved | emotional function | Human | patients with esophageal cancer | Brisk walking (specific frequency/intensity not detailed) and diet education. | Effects of Rehabilitation Program on Quality of Life, Sleep, Rest-Activity Rhythms, Anxiety, and Depression of Patients With Esophageal Cancer: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 8× |
| a 12-week brisk walking and diet education program | Increases - marginally improved | social function | Human | patients with esophageal cancer | Brisk walking (specific frequency/intensity not detailed) and diet education. | Effects of Rehabilitation Program on Quality of Life, Sleep, Rest-Activity Rhythms, Anxiety, and Depression of Patients With Esophageal Cancer: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 8× |
| low sodium diet | Increases - may improve | baseline lung function | Human | people with exercise-induced asthma | Not specified | Dietary sodium manipulation and asthma.cited 16× |
| low sodium diet | Increases - may improve | lung function after exercise | Human | people with exercise-induced asthma | Not specified | Dietary sodium manipulation and asthma.cited 16× |
| low-sodium diet | Increases - may be associated with improved | survival and kidney function | Human | kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) | Not specified | Current Evidence on Dietary Factors and Kidney Allograft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.cited 1× |
| moderate protein diet | Increases - may be associated with improved | survival and kidney function | Human | kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) | Not specified | Current Evidence on Dietary Factors and Kidney Allograft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.cited 1× |
| DASH diet | Increases - may be associated with improved | survival and kidney function | Human | kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) | Not specified | Current Evidence on Dietary Factors and Kidney Allograft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.cited 1× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - may be associated with improved | survival and kidney function | Human | kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) | Not specified | Current Evidence on Dietary Factors and Kidney Allograft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.cited 1× |
| dietary acid reduction with a vegetarian diet very low in acid-producing protein (0.3 g/kg/day) supplemented with ketoanalogues | Decreases - examined the effect on CKD of increasing serum HCO3 | kidney function decline | Human | patients with wide ranges of estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) and serum HCO3 | Not specified | Clinical evidence that treatment of metabolic acidosis slows the progression of chronic kidney disease.cited 24× |
| fat rich diet | Decreases - might result in reduced myocardial function | myocardial function | Animal | — | Not specified | Influence of dietary rapeseed oil and erucic acid upon myocardial performance and hemodynamics in rats.cited 15× |
| very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) | Affects - were noted | mild renal function changes | Human | patients with weight regain post-bariatric surgery (BS+) | Not specified | Impact of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet on metabolic and microbiota outcomes in post-bariatric patients and bariatric-Naïve individuals: A comparative pilot study.cited 1× |
| elderberry diet treatment containing 2 % EB | Increases - improved | neuro-muscular function | Animal | 3-AP ataxia model rat | 2% elderberry diet | Elderberry diet enhances motor performance and reduces neuroinflammation-induced cell death in cerebellar ataxia rat models.cited 5× |
| replacement diet based on ancient Khorasan wheat | Increases - results in beneficial GM compositional and functional modifications | GM composition and function | Human | FM patients | Not specified | Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia.cited 13× |
| main antioxidants- abundantly contained in the diet | No effect - relationship with | cognitive function | Human | children until adolescence and oldness | — | Antioxidants in the Diet and Cognitive Function: Which Role for the Mediterranean Life-style?cited 3× |
| the whole Mediterranean diet and life-style | No effect - relationship with | cognitive function | Human | children until adolescence and oldness | — | Antioxidants in the Diet and Cognitive Function: Which Role for the Mediterranean Life-style?cited 3× |
| Diet and lifestyle modifications | Increases - can fully restore | ovary function | Human | patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) | Not specified | D-Chiro-inositol and PCOS: between myth and reality. The never-ending story.cited 3× |
| intensive low-salt diet education program | Decreases - attenuated | rate of renal function decline | Human | hypertensive patients with CKD | Not specified | Long-Term Effects of Intensive Low-Salt Diet Education on Deterioration of Glomerular Filtration Rate among Non-Diabetic Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.cited 8× |
| intensive low-salt diet education program | Decreases - attenuated | rate of renal function decline | Human | hypertensive CKD patients | Not specified | Long-Term Effects of Intensive Low-Salt Diet Education on Deterioration of Glomerular Filtration Rate among Non-Diabetic Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.cited 8× |
| supplementation of 1.2% cholesterol in the plant-based diet | Increases - exhibits the potential to enhance | intestinal tight junction function | Animal | tilapia | 0.6%, 1.2%, and 1.8% cholesterol added to the plant-based diet. | Dietary cholesterol intervention could alleviate the intestinal injury of Oreochromis niloticus induced by plant-based diet via the intestinal barriers.cited 1× |
| Western style diet (WD) | Decreases - impaired | erectile function | Animal | Male mice | Not specified | Rapamycin Suppresses Penile NADPH Oxidase Activity to Preserve Erectile Function in Mice Fed a Western Diet.cited 2× |
| sodium-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (DASH/SRD) | Increases - was associated with improved | blood pressure and cardiovascular function | Human | 13 hypertensive patients with HFpEF | — | Altered Metabolic Profile With Sodium-Restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet in Hypertensive Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. |
| sodium-restricted dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet (DASH/SRD) | Decreases - improved | diastolic function (relaxation/viscoelastic constant c) | Human | patients with treated hypertension and compensated HFPEF | Target sodium intake of 50 mmol/2100 kcal. | Low-sodium DASH diet improves diastolic function and ventricular-arterial coupling in hypertensive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.cited 130× |
| sodium-restricted dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet (DASH/SRD) | Decreases - improved | diastolic function (passive/stiffness constant k) | Human | patients with treated hypertension and compensated HFPEF | Target sodium intake of 50 mmol/2100 kcal. | Low-sodium DASH diet improves diastolic function and ventricular-arterial coupling in hypertensive heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.cited 130× |
| Adding olive oil (OO) and flaxseed oil (FLO) to the diet | Increases - has been reported to improve | endothelial function | Human | — | Not specified in the abstract. | Supplementation of Olive Oil and Flaxseed Oil on Blood Pressure and Inflammation in Healthy and At-Risk Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.cited 1× |
| specific antioxidants from diet or vitamin supplements | Increases - might improve | asthma control or lung function | Human | asthmatic children or adults | — | Effects of antioxidant supplements and nutrients on patients with asthma and allergies.cited 81× |
| Diet supplementation with ketone bodies (acetoacetate and β-hydroxybuturate) or medium-length fatty acids generating ketone bodies | Increases - modest improvement | mental function | HumanMolecular | Alzheimer's patients | Relatively low doses of β-hydroxybutyrate (specific amounts not provided). | Effects of ketone bodies in Alzheimer's disease in relation to neural hypometabolism, β-amyloid toxicity, and astrocyte function.cited 70× |
| high cocoa flavanol-containing diet | Increases - was found to enhance | DG function | Human | healthy 50-69-year-old subjects | Not specified (high vs. low cocoa flavanol-containing diet). | Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavanols improves cognition in older adults.cited 235× |
| high cocoa flavanol-containing diet | Increases - was found to enhance | DG function | Human | healthy 50-69-year-old subjects | Not specified (high vs. low cocoa flavanol-containing diet). | Enhancing dentate gyrus function with dietary flavanols improves cognition in older adults.cited 235× |
| consuming a high protein diet (2.6 to 3.3 g/kg/day) over a 4-month period | No effect - has no effect | markers of renal and hepatic function | Human | resistance-trained young men who do not significantly alter their training regimen | 2.6 ± 0.8 g/kg/day (normal diet) and 3.3 ± 0.8 g/kg/day (high-protein diet). | The effects of a high protein diet on indices of health and body composition--a crossover trial in resistance-trained men.cited 41× |
| Mediterranean diet-oriented intervention | No effect - preserves | blood cell mitochondrial function | Human | MASLD subjects | Not specified | A Mediterranean Diet-Oriented Intervention Rescues Impaired Blood Cell Bioenergetics in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. |
| combined intervention of diet-induced weight loss and exercise | Increases - improve | physical function | Human | overweight/obese adults with knee OA | Not specified | Effect of intensive diet and exercise on self-efficacy in overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: The IDEA randomized clinical trial.cited 30× |
| high-carbohydrate diet | No effect - no differences | renal function | Human | overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes | High-protein diet (30% total energy), high-carbohydrate diet (55% total energy). | The effect of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a 12 month randomised controlled trial.cited 140× |
| high-protein diet | No effect - no differences | renal function | Human | overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes | High-protein diet (30% total energy), high-carbohydrate diet (55% total energy). | The effect of high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a 12 month randomised controlled trial.cited 140× |
| higher protein diet (HPD) | No effect - no changes | blood tests for liver or renal function | Human | Mexican adults with MeS | 1.34 g/kg body weight (HPD) vs. 0.8 g/kg body weight (SPD). | Effect of a High-Protein Diet versus Standard-Protein Diet on Weight Loss and Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 59× |
| standard protein diet (SPD) | No effect - no changes | blood tests for liver or renal function | Human | Mexican adults with MeS | 1.34 g/kg body weight (HPD) vs. 0.8 g/kg body weight (SPD). | Effect of a High-Protein Diet versus Standard-Protein Diet on Weight Loss and Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 59× |
| higher-protein diet | No effect - preserve | skeletal muscle mass and physical function | Human | older people | 0.8 g/kg body weight/day (RDA) vs. 1.6 g/kg body weight/day (2RDA). | Responsiveness of one-carbon metabolites to a high-protein diet in older men: Results from a 10-wk randomized controlled trial.cited 2× |
| diet | No effect - holds the ability to modulate | brain health and function | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of diet on brain plasticity in animal and human studies: mind the gap.cited 129× |
| Diet | No effect - can regulate | composition and function of GMB | Human | humans | Not specified | Interaction between β-glucans and gut microbiota: a comprehensive review.cited 2× |
| diet | Decreases - suggest the potential for impacts on | neutrophil recruitment and function | HumanAnimal | — | Not specified | Air Pollution and Diet: Potential Interacting Exposures in Asthma.cited 6× |
| psychobiotic diet (high in prebiotic and fermented foods) | No effect - elicited only subtle changes | microbial composition and function | Human | healthy human population | Not specified (dietary approach, not isolated supplement). | Feed your microbes to deal with stress: a psychobiotic diet impacts microbial stability and perceived stress in a healthy adult population.cited 64× |
| diet high in wheat aleurone | No effect - evaluated the effects | plasma antioxidants status, markers of inflammation and endothelial function | Human | seventy-nine healthy, older, overweight participants (45-65 years, BMI>25 kg/m²) | 27 g aleurone per day. | Evaluation of the effect of wheat aleurone-rich foods on markers of antioxidant status, inflammation and endothelial function in apparently healthy men and women.cited 28× |
| A high-fat diet (HFD) | Affects - alters | WAT function | Molecular | null | Not provided | Role of carotenoids in adipose tissue through the AMPK-mediated pathway.cited 11× |
| biofortified diet | Increases - improved | liver function markers (ALAT, ASAT) | Animal | rats | Biofortified kale enriched with 5,7-diiodo-8-quinolinol (exact dosage not specified) | Comparative Analysis of Iodine Levels, Biochemical Responses, and Thyroid Gene Expression in Rats Fed Diets with Kale Biofortified with 5,7-Diiodo-8-Quinolinol.cited 1× |
| modified plant-based Mediterranean diet ("vegeterranean" diet) | No effect - effect | body composition and physical function | Human | — | Not specified for dairy (diet involved limited consumption). | The effect of circuit resistance training, empagliflozin or "vegeterranean diet" on physical and metabolic function in older subjects with type 2 diabetes: a study protocol for a randomized control trial (CEV-65 trial).cited 15× |
| modified plant-based Mediterranean diet ("vegeterranean" diet) | No effect - assess the effects | body composition and physical function | Human | older subjects with type 2 diabetes | Not specified for dairy (diet involved limited consumption). | The effect of circuit resistance training, empagliflozin or "vegeterranean diet" on physical and metabolic function in older subjects with type 2 diabetes: a study protocol for a randomized control trial (CEV-65 trial).cited 15× |
| Western diet | No effect - affects | microbiome's function | Human | — | Not specified | How the Western Diet Thwarts the Epigenetic Efforts of Gut Microbes in Ulcerative Colitis and Its Association with Colorectal Cancer.cited 4× |
| silymarin plus vitamin E and a hypocaloric diet | Decreases - ameliorate | function hepatic test | Human | patients with NAFLD | 2 tablets per day of silymarin plus vitamin E (Eurosil 85®). | Effect of silymarin plus vitamin E in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A randomized clinical pilot study.cited 88× |
| regular diet with probiotics | No effect - evaluate the possible changes | plasmatic, urinary and fecal biomarkers related to abnormal intestinal function | Human | preschoolers with ASD | Not specified | Gut to brain interaction in Autism Spectrum Disorders: a randomized controlled trial on the role of probiotics on clinical, biochemical and neurophysiological parameters.cited 124× |
| very low carbohydrate, high-protein, low saturated fat (LC) diet combined with supervised exercise training | No effect - does not adversely affect | clinical markers of renal function | Human | obese adults with T2DM and no preexisting kidney disease | HC diet: 53% energy as carbohydrate, 17% protein, 30% fat (<10% saturated fat). | Long-Term Effects of a Very Low Carbohydrate Compared With a High Carbohydrate Diet on Renal Function in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial.cited 30× |
| A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet | Increases - preserve | renal function | Human | patients with chronic kidney disease | Not specified | Chronic kidney disease.cited 736× |
| MIND diet adherence | Increases - was associated with better | executive function | Human | participants with high income | Not specified | Association Between Adherence to the MIND Diet and Cognitive Performance is Affected by Income: The ELSA-Brasil Study.cited 8× |
| MIND diet adherence | Decreases - was associated with lower | executive function | Human | participants with low income | Not specified | Association Between Adherence to the MIND Diet and Cognitive Performance is Affected by Income: The ELSA-Brasil Study.cited 8× |
| 1800 mg/kg MCT substituting soybean oil in the diet | Increases - can improve | intestinal barrier function | Animal | weaned rabbits | 600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg MCT substituted for soybean oil in the diet | Medium chain triglycerides improve the growth performance, immune and antioxidant functions, and intestinal health of weaned rabbits.cited 2× |
| 2400 mg/kg MCT substituting soybean oil in the diet | Increases - can improve | intestinal barrier function | Animal | weaned rabbits | 600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg MCT substituted for soybean oil in the diet | Medium chain triglycerides improve the growth performance, immune and antioxidant functions, and intestinal health of weaned rabbits.cited 2× |
| Adherence to the MIND diet | Increases - was associated with better cognitive function at baseline and over 8 years of follow-up | cognitive function | Human | Puerto Rican adults residing in the Boston, MA area (aged 45-75 years at baseline) | Not specified | MIND Diet and Cognitive Function in Puerto Rican Older Adults.cited 17× |
| high-GI diet | Decreases - impairs | intestinal K cell function | Human | prediabetic individuals | Low-GI diet (40 ± 0.3 units). | A low-glycemic index diet combined with exercise reduces insulin resistance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses in obese, prediabetic humans.cited 106× |
| high-GI diet | Decreases - impairs | pancreatic β cell function | Human | prediabetic individuals | Low-GI diet (40 ± 0.3 units). | A low-glycemic index diet combined with exercise reduces insulin resistance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses in obese, prediabetic humans.cited 106× |
| individualized low-protein diet intervention | Decreases - slow the deterioration | renal function | Human | patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) | Not specified (individualized low-protein diet). | [Effect of Individualized Low-protein Diet Intervention on Renal Function of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease].cited 3× |
| high protein diet (30% protein [~110 g/day], 40% carbohydrates [150 g/day], 30% fat [~50 g/day]) | No effect - determine the short term and long term effects | cardiac structure and function | Human | overweight/obese individuals with heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic syndrome (MS) | High-protein diet: 30% protein (~110 g/day), 40% carbohydrates (150 g/day), 30% fat (~50 g/day); Standard-protein diet: 15% protein (~55 g/day), 55% carbohydrates (~200 g/day), 30% fat (~50 g/day). | Pro-HEART - a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a high protein diet targeting obese individuals with heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics.cited 14× |
| standard protein diet (15% protein [~55 g/day], 55% carbohydrates [~200 g/day], 30% fat [~50 g/day]) | No effect - determine the short term and long term effects | cardiac structure and function | Human | overweight/obese individuals with heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic syndrome (MS) | High-protein diet: 30% protein (~110 g/day), 40% carbohydrates (150 g/day), 30% fat (~50 g/day); Standard-protein diet: 15% protein (~55 g/day), 55% carbohydrates (~200 g/day), 30% fat (~50 g/day). | Pro-HEART - a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of a high protein diet targeting obese individuals with heart failure: rationale, design and baseline characteristics.cited 14× |
| high-protein diet | Increases - has been demonstrated to improve | muscle function and mass | Human | — | Group A: 103 g/day (males) or 80 g/day (females); Group B: same as Group A plus 34 g/day purified proteins. | Dietary Protein Supplementation Helps in Muscle Thickness Regain after Abdominal Wall Reconstruction for Incisional Hernia.cited 3× |
| high-protein diet | Increases - improved | physical function | Human | patients with Pompe disease | — | Carnitine is a pharmacological allosteric chaperone of the human lysosomal |
| high protein diet | No effect - No significant differences between groups | renal function | Human | insulin treated type-2 diabetic patients | Not specified | Feasibility and efficacy of an isocaloric high-protein vs. standard diet on insulin requirement, body weight and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.cited 39× |
| high-protein diet | Increases - can improve | vascular function | Human | athletes | Not specified | Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review.cited 4× |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - can improve | vascular function | Human | athletes | Not specified | Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review.cited 4× |
| plant-based diet | Increases - can improve | vascular function | Human | athletes | Not specified | Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review.cited 4× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - can improve | vascular function | Human | athletes | Not specified | Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review.cited 4× |
| high-protein (HP) diet | No effect - did not affect | vascular function | Human | overweight participants after completing a weight-loss intervention | 25% protein, 45% carbohydrate, 30% fat (HP diet) vs. 15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat (MP diet). | Effects of a High-Protein Diet on Cardiometabolic Health, Vascular Function, and Endocannabinoids-A PREVIEW Study.cited 7× |
| normal vitamin A (VAN) diet | Increases - performed better | cognitive function in the Morris Water Maze Test | Animal | APP/PS1-AD mouse model | Not specified (VAD, VAN, VAS groups) | Dietary vitamin A modifies the gut microbiota and intestinal tissue transcriptome, impacting intestinal permeability and the release of inflammatory factors, thereby influencing Aβ pathology.cited 5× |
| low crude protein (CP) diet (17%) | No effect - did not negatively impact | colonic barrier function | Animal | 21-day postweaned pigs | Phase 1: Low CP (17%) with 1.4% SID Lys or High CP (24%) with 1.4% SID Lys. Phase 2: Low CP (17%) with 1.35% SID Lys or High CP (24%) with 1.35% SID Lys. | Effects of dietary protein level on intestinal function and inflammation in nursery pigs.cited 2× |
| Ketogenic diet (KD) | No effect - effects and the underlined mechanisms | cardiac function | HumanAnimal | diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) | — | Ketogenic Diet Suppressed T-Regulatory Cells and Promoted Cardiac Fibrosis via Reducing Mitochondria-Associated Membranes and Inhibiting Mitochondrial Function. |
| Ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - appears to be an efficacious approach for | cognitive function | Human | — | Not specified | Ketogenic diet in clinical populations-a narrative review. |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | No effect - assessed for | cognitive function | Human | participants | 55% carbohydrates, 20% fat, 25% protein (isocaloric diet). | The effect of a ketogenic diet versus a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on sleep, cognition, thyroid function, and cardiovascular health independent of weight loss: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 23× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | No effect - determine the effects | thyroid function | Human | healthy adults | 55% carbohydrates, 20% fat, 25% protein (isocaloric diet). | The effect of a ketogenic diet versus a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on sleep, cognition, thyroid function, and cardiovascular health independent of weight loss: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 23× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | No effect - assessed for | thyroid function | Human | participants | 55% carbohydrates, 20% fat, 25% protein (isocaloric diet). | The effect of a ketogenic diet versus a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on sleep, cognition, thyroid function, and cardiovascular health independent of weight loss: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 23× |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - may provide independent cognitive benefits beyond seizure control | cognitive function | Human | individuals with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome | Not specified | Cognitive and behavioral impact of antiseizure medications, neuromodulation, ketogenic diet, and surgery in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: A comprehensive review.cited 2× |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - improved | cognitive function | Human | patients with neurodegenerative disorders | Not specified | Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of the Ketogenic Diet in Modulating Neurodegenerative Pathophysiology: An Interdisciplinary Approach. |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | No effect - alters | composition and function of immune profiles | Animal | mice | Not specified | Ketogenic diet modulates immune cell transcriptional landscape and ameliorates experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice.cited 1× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - has been shown to improve | forelimb motor function | Human | SCI rat model | Not specified | Evaluation of a ketogenic diet for improvement of neurological recovery in individuals with acute spinal cord injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 8× |
| ketogenic diet | Decreases - can lead to impairments of | liver function | Animal | rats | Different fat-to-carbohydrate ratios under the same apparent metabolizable energy level (specific amounts not provided) | Generalized Ketogenic Diet Induced Liver Impairment and Reduced Probiotics Abundance of Gut Microbiota in Rat.cited 1× |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - associated with neuroprotective and antioxidant effects | mitochondrial function | Molecular | — | Not specified | Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Neurological Diseases: A Review.cited 2× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - improved | mitochondrial function | Human | — | Not specified | Ketogenic Diet as a Promising Non-Drug Intervention for Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.cited 6× |
| ketogenic diet | No effect - effects | mitochondrial function | Human | — | Not specified | Ketogenic Diet: An Effective Treatment Approach for Neurodegenerative Diseases.cited 27× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - can directly act as a signaling molecule to improve | mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle | Human | — | Not specified | Ketogenic diet in treating sepsis-related acquired weakness: is it friend or foe? |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - did show significant improvement | motor function | Human | Parkinson's disease (PD) | Not specified | Ketogenic therapies in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment: An integrative review.cited 5× |
| Ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - improved | neurological function | Animal | adolescent male C57BL/6 mice with rmTBI | Not specified | Ketogenic Diet Modulates Neuroinflammation via Metabolites from Lactobacillus reuteri After Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescent Mice.cited 14× |
| ketogenic diet | Increases - to enhance | testicular function | Animal | rats | — | Ketogenic diet improves and restores redox status and biochemical indices in monosodium glutamate-induced rat testicular toxicity. |
| low-protein diet supplemented with Ketoanalogues | Decreases - exerts significant nephroprotective effects | renal function | Human | advanced chronic kidney disease patients | Not specified | Beneficial Effects of Ketoanalogues on the Evolution of Renal Function and Bone Mineral Disorders in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study. |
| Adherence to the LPFG diet | Increases - enabled improvement | glomerular and tubular function | Human | CKD patients | Not specified (staple food replacement without side dish restriction). | Dietary therapy with low protein genmai (brown rice) to improve the gut-kidney axis and reduce CKD progression.cited 1× |
| high-salt (HS) diet | Increases - showed | impaired systolic function | AnimalMolecular | Rats with HFpEF | High-salt diet (specific amount not detailed) | Morphometric, Hemodynamic, and Multi-Omics Analyses in Heart Failure Rats with Preserved Ejection Fraction.cited 26× |
| gluten-free diet (GFD) | Increases - protected | beta cell function | Human | children with childhood type 1 diabetes | Not specified (self-selected dietary intervention). | Changes in the gut bacteriome upon gluten-free diet intervention do not mediate beta cell preservation.cited 4× |
| gluten-free diet (GFD) | Increases - moderately protective effect | beta cell function | Human | children with childhood type 1 diabetes | Not specified (self-selected dietary intervention). | Changes in the gut bacteriome upon gluten-free diet intervention do not mediate beta cell preservation.cited 4× |
| gluten-free diet | Increases - reflecting improved | cardiac diastolic function | Human | CD patients with good dietary compliance | Not specified | Children with untreated coeliac disease have sub-clinical cardiac dysfunction: a longitudinal observational analysis.cited 11× |
| gluten-free diet | Increases - return to normal life | life function | Human | 20 selected patients with FM without celiac disease | Not specified | Fibromyalgia and non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a description with remission of fibromyalgia.cited 31× |
| gluten-free-diet (GFD) | Increases - improvement | liver function tests | Human | CLD with CD group | Not specified | Prevalence of celiac disease among pediatric patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis and effect of gluten-free-diet.cited 10× |
| gluten-free diet | Increases - improve | subtle tests of cognitive function | Human | untreated patients with coeliac disease | Not specified | Gluten-induced cognitive impairment ("brain fog") in coeliac disease.cited 44× |
| low-fat diet | No effect - no differences in the improvements of | liver function markers | Human | obese/overweight adults with impaired glucose regulation | LCD: 20%-25% energy from carbohydrates, 30%-45% energy from fat, 40%-45% energy from protein. | Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and metabolic risk factors in obese/overweight individuals with impaired glucose regulation: A randomized controlled trial.cited 1× |
| low-carbohydrate diet | No effect - no differences in the improvements of | liver function markers | Human | obese/overweight adults with impaired glucose regulation | LCD: 20%-25% energy from carbohydrates, 30%-45% energy from fat, 40%-45% energy from protein. | Effects of low-carbohydrate vs low-fat diets on weight loss and metabolic risk factors in obese/overweight individuals with impaired glucose regulation: A randomized controlled trial.cited 1× |
| low-fat diet (LFD) | No effect - no change | physical function score | Human | 61 adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus | LFD aimed for 55-60 energy percent (E%) from carbohydrates. | Randomization to a low-carbohydrate diet advice improves health related quality of life compared with a low-fat diet at similar weight-loss in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.cited 35× |
| low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) | Increases - improved | physical function score | Human | 61 adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus | LFD aimed for 55-60 energy percent (E%) from carbohydrates. | Randomization to a low-carbohydrate diet advice improves health related quality of life compared with a low-fat diet at similar weight-loss in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.cited 35× |
| fiber-enriched high carbohydrate (FEHC) diet | Increases - improve | hip function | Human | obese patients undergoing THA | Not specified | Weight Loss in Patients Waiting for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Fiber-Enriched High Carbohydrate Diet Improves Hip Function and Decreases Pain before Surgery.cited 5× |
| High-caloric diet | Decreases - decreased | heart function | Animal | male Wistar rats | 60 mg/kg/day (containing 12.48% aspalathin). | Cardioprotective Function of Green Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) Extract Supplementation in Ex Vivo Ischemic Prediabetic Rat Hearts.cited 4× |
| Asian ketogenic diet (AKD) | Increases - better | liver function | Human | individuals diagnosed with MetS | Not specified (dietary intervention, not supplement-based). | Asian Low-Carbohydrate Diet with Increased Whole Egg Consumption Improves Metabolic Outcomes in Metabolic Syndrome: A 52-Week Intervention Study.cited 5× |
| 10% high-fructose-water (HFW) and high-fat-diet (HFD) | Increases - higher | liver function index (GPT levels) | Animal | WKY rats | Not specified | Pre-germinated brown rice alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fructose and high fat intake in rat.cited 1× |
| Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) | Decreases - may preserve kidney function | kidney function | Human | CHD patients with T2DM | 28% fat, 12% MUFA, >55% carbohydrates (no specific frequency mentioned). | Long-term consumption of a mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet on kidney function in coronary heart disease patients: The CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial.cited 41× |
| Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) | Decreases - may preserve kidney function | kidney function | Human | patients with mildly-impaired eGFR | 28% fat, 12% MUFA, >55% carbohydrates (no specific frequency mentioned). | Long-term consumption of a mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet on kidney function in coronary heart disease patients: The CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial.cited 41× |
| higher plant-based diet index | Increases - was associated with better scores | sexual function | Human | participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study with nonmetastatic prostate cancer | Not specified | Plant-based diet associated with better quality of life in prostate cancer survivors.cited 4× |
| diet-induced obesity | No effect - was not affected by | function of lymphatic valves in popliteal lymphatics | Animal | C57BL/6J (WT) mice | Not specified | Lymphatic Valve Dysfunction in Western Diet-Fed Mice: New Insights Into Obesity-Induced Lymphedema.cited 12× |
| low-protein diet (LPD) including a renal-specific oral nutrition supplement (RONS) | Decreases - delay | renal function decline | Human | patients with non-dialysis advanced CKD | One serving of RONS daily. | A Low-Protein Diet with a Renal-Specific Oral Nutrition Supplement Helps Maintain Nutritional Status in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.cited 8× |
| low-protein diet (LPD) including a renal-specific oral nutrition supplement (RONS) | No effect - preserved | residual renal function | Human | patients with stage 3b-5 CKD | One serving of RONS daily. | A Low-Protein Diet with a Renal-Specific Oral Nutrition Supplement Helps Maintain Nutritional Status in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.cited 8× |
| culturally targeted SMS intervention to promote a healthy diet (SMS Nutrition Advisor) | No effect - test the effectiveness of | physical function and well-being variables | Human | generally healthy, insufficiently active Latino adults ages 35 years and older | Not specified | Testing the effectiveness of physical activity advice delivered via text messaging vs. human phone advisors in a Latino population: The On The Move randomized controlled trial design and methods.cited 7× |
| vegan diet | Decreases - normalization | liver function tests | Human | NAFLD patients | Caloric intake tailored to 1500-1800 Kcal/day for weight loss ≥5% in overweight patients. | Vegan Diet Advice Might Benefit Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: an Open Observational Pilot Study.cited 10× |
| diet changes | Increases - reaching significance | cognitive function | Human | prisoners | Not specified | A systematic review of the effect of dietary and nutritional interventions on the behaviours and mental health of prisoners.cited 4× |
| Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet | Increases - may possibly be associated with an improved | cognitive function | Human | older adults | Not specified | MIND diet and cognitive performance in older adults: a systematic review.cited 68× |
| Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet | Increases - positively associated with | specific domains of cognition and global cognitive function | Human | older adults | Not specified | MIND diet and cognitive performance in older adults: a systematic review.cited 68× |
| non-alcoholic beer + diet + exercise | Increases - improved | endothelial function | Human | patients with cirrhosis | 330 mL non-alcoholic beer/day. | Effect of non-alcoholic beer, diet and exercise on endothelial function, nutrition and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis.cited 10× |
| water + diet + exercise | Increases - improved | endothelial function | Human | patients with cirrhosis | 330 mL non-alcoholic beer/day. | Effect of non-alcoholic beer, diet and exercise on endothelial function, nutrition and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis.cited 10× |
| the ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - improve | cognitive function | Human | animal models | Not specified | Perspectives on the Ketogenic Diet as a Non-pharmacological Intervention For Major Depressive Disorder. |
| beetroot supplemented diet (BRSD) | Increases - improved | cognitive function | Animal | rats treated with scopolamine (SCOP) | 2% and 4% beetroot-supplemented diet. | Beetroot supplemented diet exhibit anti-amnesic effect via modulation of cholinesterases, purinergic enzymes, monoamine oxidase and attenuation of redox imbalance in the brain of scopolamine treated male rats.cited 11× |
| EVOO-rich Mediterranean diet | Increases - resulted in a better cognitive function | cognitive function | Human | participants at high vascular risk | 30 g/day of mixed nuts. | Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial.cited 183× |
| supplementing the diet with a combination of micronutrients | Increases - may help to optimize | immune function | Human | — | Not specified | Liver disease and COVID-19: The link with oxidative stress, antioxidants and nutrition.cited 14× |
| habitual high-fat American-type diet supplemented with fish oil, walnuts, and grape juice | No effect - No significant improvements | endothelial function | Human | overweight or obese US adults | Not specified | Pilot randomized controlled trial of a Mediterranean diet or diet supplemented with fish oil, walnuts, and grape juice in overweight or obese US adults.cited 21× |
| Mediterranean diet | No effect - No significant improvements | endothelial function | Human | overweight or obese US adults | Not specified | Pilot randomized controlled trial of a Mediterranean diet or diet supplemented with fish oil, walnuts, and grape juice in overweight or obese US adults.cited 21× |
| a basal diet (control) of 60 mmol/d and three phases of 85 mmol/d added as potatoes, French fries, or a potassium gluconate supplement | No effect - There were no significant differences among treatments for | end-of-treatment BP, change in BP over time, or endothelial function | Human | Participants | 60 mmol/d (control), 85 mmol/d (added as potatoes, French fries, or potassium gluconate supplement). | Short-Term RCT of Increased Dietary Potassium from Potato or Potassium Gluconate: Effect on Blood Pressure, Microcirculation, and Potassium and Sodium Retention in Pre-Hypertensive-to-Hypertensive Adults.cited 7× |
| 23 % low-sodium formula combined with CM-DASH diet pattern | Increases - can improve | cerebrovascular function | Human | community patients with hypertension complicated with diabetes | Low-sodium formula salt (potassium chloride 56%, sodium chloride 23%, 5 g/day) combined with a Chinese Modified DASH diet. | Effect of 23 % low-sodium salt applied to Chinese modified DASH diet on cerebrovascular function in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: a pilot study.cited 1× |
| A vitamin A-rich diet | No effect - did not improve | cone photoreceptor function | Animal | STRA6-deficiency | Not specified | Genetic tuning of β-carotene oxygenase-1 activity rescues cone photoreceptor function in STRA6-deficient mice.cited 8× |
| protein diet | No effect - effects on | kidney function | Human | Healthy adults (N=164) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension | 25% of energy intake from protein (compared to 15% in the other diets). | Effect of a high-protein diet on kidney function in healthy adults: results from the OmniHeart trial.cited 69× |
| High-fat and High-fructose diet | Increases - exhibited | hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, abnormal liver function test, increased hepatic oxidative stress, and steatosis | Animal | Male Sprague Dawley rats | L. acidophilus 1 × 10^9 CFU/ml containing 0.4 g Se/day, orally | Selenium-Enriched Probiotic Alleviates Western Diet-Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats via Modulation of Autophagy Through AMPK/SIRT-1 Pathway.cited 11× |
| specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) | Increases - improved | gastrointestinal function | Human | children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their parents | Not specified | A qualitative evaluation of the specific carbohydrate diet for juvenile idiopathic arthritis based on children's and parents' experiences.cited 5× |
| addition of 85 g almonds daily to a National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Step 1 diet (ALM) for 6 weeks | No effect - did not alter | vascular function assessed by measures of flow-mediated dilation, peripheral arterial tonometry, and pulse wave velocity | Human | patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) | 85 g almonds daily (implicit choline content, exact amount not specified). | Effect of almond consumption on vascular function in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial.cited 70× |
| Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet | Increases - will improve | cognitive function | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of MIND diet and propolis supplementation on metabolic syndrome indices and cognitive function among patients with metabolic syndrome in Isfahan, Iran, 2024. A rationale and study protocol for randomized controlled trial. |
| Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet | No effect - test the effects | cognitive function | Human | 604 individuals at risk for AD | Not specified (foods like extra-virgin olive oil, blueberries, and nuts were provided). | Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline.cited 64× |
| diet characterized by high antioxidant components | Increases - benefits | cognitive function | Human | — | Not specified (foods like extra-virgin olive oil, blueberries, and nuts were provided). | Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline.cited 64× |
| HighCHO diet and LowCHO diet | No effect - similar effects | endothelial function | Human | patients with obesity and T2DM | LowCHO diet (14% carbs, 28% protein, 58% fat, <10% saturated fat); HighCHO diet (53% carbs, 17% protein, 30% fat, <10% saturated fat). | Long-term effects of weight loss with a very-low carbohydrate, low saturated fat diet on flow mediated dilatation in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial.cited 30× |
| 35% SP diet | Increases - are more effective | renal function | Human | patients with T2DN | 35% and 100% SP diets (percentage of total protein intake). | Comparison of the effects of different percentages of soy protein in the diet on patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: systematic reviews and network meta-analysis.cited 2× |
| 100% SP diet | Increases - are more effective | renal function | Human | patients with T2DN | 35% and 100% SP diets (percentage of total protein intake). | Comparison of the effects of different percentages of soy protein in the diet on patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: systematic reviews and network meta-analysis.cited 2× |
| high-zinc/low-copper diet | No effect - did not improve | liver function | Human | 9-year-old girl with SLE and WD | High-zinc/low-copper diet (specific amounts not provided). | Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with Wilson's disease: a case report and literature review.cited 6× |
| high-fat diet (HFD) feeding | No effect - maintained | mitochondrial respiratory function | Animal | Male Wistar rats | — | The specific mitochondrial unfolded protein response in fast- and slow-twitch muscles of high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant rats. |
| Mediterranean diet combined with the ketogenic diet | Increases - therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving | levels and function of HDL and PON1 | Human | — | Not specified | The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders.cited 39× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving | levels and function of HDL and PON1 | Human | — | Not specified | The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders.cited 39× |
| hypocaloric diet and resistance training program | Increases - improved | muscle strength and function | Human | both groups | 150 kcal supplement (21 g protein, enriched with leucine and vitamin D) 10 times per week. | A high whey protein-, leucine-, and vitamin D-enriched supplement preserves muscle mass during intentional weight loss in obese older adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.cited 160× |
| plant-based diet | Increases - produced positive improvements in | chronic pain and function | Human | — | Not specified (sample menu cycle provided by a dietitian). | Chronic musculoskeletal pain and function improve with a plant-based diet.cited 37× |
| choline deficient diet | Decreases - significantly impaired | diastolic left ventricular function | Animal | adult rats | — | Heart dysfunction induced by choline-deficiency in adult rats: the protective role of L-carnitine. |
| synbiotics supplement and anti-inflammatory-antioxidant-rich diet | Decreases - demonstrated improvements | sexual function | Human | patients with progressive forms of MS | Not specified in the abstract. | Anti-inflammatory-antioxidant modifications and synbiotics improved health-related conditions in patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis: A single-center, randomized clinical trial.cited 7× |
| high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet | Decreases - driving reductions in | hepatic mitochondrial function | Animal | C57BL/6J mice | Not specified | Eliciting the mitochondrial unfolded protein response by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide repletion reverses fatty liver disease in mice.cited 284× |
| maternal obesity and/or the consumption of a high-fat diet | Decreases - affect | placental function | Human | placenta | Not specified | Altered maternal and placental lipid metabolism and fetal fat development in obesity: Current knowledge and advances in non-invasive assessment.cited 53× |
| sustainable healthy diet (SHD) | No effect - assessed | cognitive function | Human | older adults | Weekly mixed food supply and individual/group nutritional sessions for SHD; 50-minute exercise sessions three times a week for MT | Multidimensional Health Impact of Multicomponent Exercise and Sustainable Healthy Diet Interventions in the Elderly (MED-E): Study Protocol.cited 3× |
| low-iodine diet (LID) | No effect - no changes | thyroid function | Human | patients with multinodular goiter, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and RAIU < 50% | MTZ 30 mg/day. | Thiamazole Pretreatment Lowers the (131)I Activity Needed to Cure Hyperthyroidism in Patients With Nodular Goiter.cited 10× |
| low-iodine diet | Increases - returned to normal | thyroid function and cardiac indicators | Human | 15-year-old male patient with acute fulminant myocarditis and iodine-induced hyperthyroidism | Not specified (low-iodine diet advised). | Hyperthyroidism and fulminant myocarditis in an adolescent with iodine-induced hyperthyroidism: A case report.cited 1× |
| diet-induced tissue compositional changes | No effect - may also contribute directly to altered | immune and metabolic function | Human | — | Not specified | Early Nutrition as a Major Determinant of 'Immune Health': Implications for Allergy, Obesity and Other Noncommunicable Diseases.cited 22× |
| Mediterranean Diet (MD) | Increases - may improve | endothelial function | Human | patients at high cardiometabolic risk | Not specified (dietary intervention, not supplement dosage). | Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Endothelial Reactivity in Individuals with High Cardiometabolic Risk: A Randomized Controlled Parallel-Group Preliminary Trial.cited 1× |
| Mediterranean Diet (MD) | Increases - associated with | endothelial function | Human | — | Not specified (dietary intervention, not supplement dosage). | Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Endothelial Reactivity in Individuals with High Cardiometabolic Risk: A Randomized Controlled Parallel-Group Preliminary Trial.cited 1× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - enhancing these benefits | female sexual function | Human | heterosexual women with morbid obesity | Not specified | Changes in Sexual Functioning in Women with Severe Obesity After Bariatric Surgery: Impact of Postoperative Adherence to Mediterranean Diet. |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - demonstrated improvements | function | Human | OA patients | Not specified | Mediterranean diet and osteoarthritis: an update.cited 2× |
| Mediterranean diet | No effect - lowering circulating AGE levels, specifically MG, might be linked to the preservation of kidney function | kidney function | Human | T2DM patients with CHD | Not specified | Reduction of circulating methylglyoxal levels by a Mediterranean diet is associated with preserved kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease: From the CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial.cited 6× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - was associated with moderate improvements | liver function | Human | children and adolescents with MASLD | Not specified | Efficacy of the Mediterranean diet in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 2× |
| Mediterranean diet | Increases - linked to positive effects on | muscle function | Human | — | Not Assessed | Associations Between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Incident Sarcopenia in Prospective Cohort Studies. |
| Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) | Increases - significantly better | physical function | Human | adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Ireland | Not specified | Effects of a telehealth-delivered Mediterranean diet intervention in adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (MEDRA): a randomised controlled trial.cited 4× |
| Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) | Increases - significantly improved | physical function | Human | adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Ireland | Not specified | Effects of a telehealth-delivered Mediterranean diet intervention in adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (MEDRA): a randomised controlled trial.cited 4× |
| Mediterranean diet | No effect - influence | stem cells function | Human | — | Not specified | Sirtuins and resveratrol-derived compounds: a model for understanding the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet.cited 22× |
| low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with low glycemic index (LGI) | No effect - showed no significant difference | homeostasis model assessment for beta cell function | Human | overweight healthy women aged 20-40 y | Not specified (test foods replaced usual carbohydrate-rich foods, matched for energy, density, fiber, and macronutrients). | No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet.cited 174× |
| total diet index scores (DASH, aMED, low carbohydrate diet index) | No effect - did not predict change | cognitive function | Human | study participants (n=96) receiving chemotherapy | Not specified | Diet quality indices and changes in cognition during chemotherapy.cited 4× |
| higher overall adherence to a plant-based diet | No effect - was not associated with | global cognitive function | Animal | community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years | Not specified | The association between adherence to a plant-based diet and cognitive ageing.cited 6× |
| chewing gum postoperatively, followed by a clear fluid diet after 2 h, a pureed diet after 6 h, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus | Increases - showed earlier recovery | postoperative gastrointestinal function | Human | women undergoing repeat cesarean section | Chewing gum postoperatively, followed by a clear fluid diet after 2 hours, a pureed diet after 6 hours, and a regular soft diet after passing flatus. | Impact of varied feeding protocols on gastrointestinal function recovery in the early postoperative period following repeat cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.cited 1× |
| adding whole milk and full-fat dairy products to the normal routine diet | No effect - has no effect on | subclinical vascular function | Human | adults with elevated BP | Four daily servings of whole milk or full-fat dairy products. | Effects of full-fat dairy products on subclinical vascular function in adults with elevated blood pressure: a randomized clinical trial.cited 11× |
| oral omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and a normal diet during 4 weeks | No effect - did not affect | erythrocyte function | Human | morbidly obese women undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) surgery | Not specified | Erythrocyte deformability and aggregation in morbidly obese women undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery and effects of oral omega-3 fatty acid supplementation.cited 3× |
| MIND diet | Decreases - inversely associated with | physical function impairment | Human | men and women in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging | Not specified (diet assessed by FFQ, scored based on 15 food groups). | The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is associated with physical function and grip strength in older men and women.cited 21× |
| increasing potassium in the diet | Decreases - may perhaps be beneficial | decline of renal function | Human | patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages | Not specified | Should we eat more potassium to better control blood pressure in hypertension?cited 29× |
| low FODMAP diet with gluten | Decreases - Significant improvements were observed | Interference with community function | Human | IBS patients | 5 g/day of gluten powder or rice flour (placebo) | The effect of low FODMAP diet with and without gluten on irritable bowel syndrome: A double blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trial.cited 21× |
| low FODMAP diet with placebo (rice flour) | Decreases - Significant improvements were observed | Interference with community function | Human | IBS patients | 5 g/day of gluten powder or rice flour (placebo) | The effect of low FODMAP diet with and without gluten on irritable bowel syndrome: A double blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trial.cited 21× |
| low-protein weight-loss diet | Increases - lesser increase | homeostasis model assessment of β cell function (HOMA-B) | Human | white Americans with a lower genetic risk score for diabetes | Not specified | Genetic susceptibility to diabetes and long-term improvement of insulin resistance and β cell function during weight loss: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS LOST) trial.cited 29× |
| addition of inulin to the diet | No effect - No other significant differences were found | bowel function | Human | Twelve healthy male volunteers | 20 g/day | Chicory inulin does not increase stool weight or speed up intestinal transit time in healthy male subjects.cited 39× |
| a diet rich in raspberry | Increases - highlight the impact | immune function and phospholipid metabolism | Human | — | Not specified for β-alanine (raspberry dose: 280 g/day). | Effects of Daily Raspberry Consumption on Immune-Metabolic Health in Subjects at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 21× |
| Gut microbiome neo-colonization in response to high-fat diet cravings | Increases - alters | immune function | Human | patients with OSA | Not specified | Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension: Updates to a Critical Relationship.cited 61× |
| high protein, low carbohydrate (20 g/d) diet (HPLC) | No effect - No serious adverse effects were observed | cardiac function | Human | severely obese adolescents | 20 g/d of carbohydrates (HPLC diet) | Efficacy and safety of a high protein, low carbohydrate diet for weight loss in severely obese adolescents.cited 63× |
| High-cholesterol diet (HCD) | Decreases - impaired | memory function | Animal | rats | Not specified (study mentions "Dill tablet" but does not detail dosage). | Dill tablet and Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract: Promising therapeutic agents for improving cognitive deficit in hypercholesterolemic rats.cited 10× |
| high cholesterol diet | Decreases - showed significant impairment | memory function | Animal | mice | — | Effects of statins and cholesterol on memory functions in mice. |
| high cholesterol diet | Decreases - showed significant decrease | memory function | Animal | mice | — | Effects of statins and cholesterol on memory functions in mice. |
| higher adherence to the DASH diet | Increases - was associated with better cognitive function | cognitive function | Human | cross-sectional study | Not specified | The Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated with Less Cognitive Decline and a Lower Risk of Alzheimer's Disease-A Review.cited 317× |
| higher adherence to the DASH diet | Increases - was associated with better cognitive function | cognitive function | Human | longitudinal studies | Not specified | The Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated with Less Cognitive Decline and a Lower Risk of Alzheimer's Disease-A Review.cited 317× |
| higher adherence to the DASH diet | Increases - was associated with better cognitive function | cognitive function | Human | trial | Not specified | The Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated with Less Cognitive Decline and a Lower Risk of Alzheimer's Disease-A Review.cited 317× |
| unhealthy Western-style diet | Decreases - associated with an accelerated decline | pulmonary function | Human | patients with COPD | Not specified | Nutrition as a modifiable factor in the onset and progression of pulmonary function impairment in COPD: a systematic review.cited 44× |