Chronic kidney disease.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of a low-salt diet in mitigating glomerular hyperfiltration and preserving renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Results Summary
The study suggests that a low-salt diet, as part of a plant-dominant, low-protein dietary approach, might help preserve kidney function by reducing glomerular hyperfiltration and improving acid-base homeostasis and gut microbiome. However, specific efficacy data on salt reduction alone were not detailed.
Population
Adults with chronic kidney disease, particularly those with diabetes and hypertension.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet | decrease | glomerular hyperfiltration | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | might help to mitigate | #1 |
A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet | increase | renal function | patients with chronic kidney disease | for longer | preserve | #2 |
A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet | increase | acid-base homoeostasis | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | leading to favourable alterations | #3 |
A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet | increase | gut microbiome | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | leading to favourable alterations | #4 |
Pharmacotherapies that alter intrarenal haemodynamics (eg, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway modulators and SGLT2 [SLC5A2] inhibitors) | increase | kidney function | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | can preserve | #5 |
Pharmacotherapies that alter intrarenal haemodynamics (eg, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway modulators and SGLT2 [SLC5A2] inhibitors) | decrease | intraglomerular pressure | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | reducing | #6 |
other novel agents (eg, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists) | increase | kidney | patients with chronic kidney disease | - | might protect | #7 |
incremental transition to dialysis | increase | residual kidney function | patients with chronic kidney disease | longer | possibly preserve | #8 |
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease with no cure and high morbidity and mortality that occurs commonly in the general adult population, especially in people with diabetes and hypertension. Preservation of kidney function can improve outcomes and can be achieved through non-pharmacological strategies (eg, dietary and lifestyle adjustments) and chronic kidney disease-targeted and kidney disease-specific pharmacological interventions. A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet might help to mitigate glomerular hyperfiltration and preserve renal function for longer, possibly while also leading to favourable alterations in acid-base homoeostasis and in the gut microbiome. Pharmacotherapies that alter intrarenal haemodynamics (eg, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway modulators and SGLT2 [SLC5A2] inhibitors) can preserve kidney function by reducing intraglomerular pressure independently of blood pressure and glucose control, whereas other novel agents (eg, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists) might protect the kidney through anti-inflammatory or antifibrotic mechanisms. Some glomerular and cystic kidney diseases might benefit from disease-specific therapies. Managing chronic kidney disease-associated cardiovascular risk, minimising the risk of infection, and preventing acute kidney injury are crucial interventions for these patients, given the high burden of complications, associated morbidity and mortality, and the role of non-conventional risk factors in chronic kidney disease. When renal replacement therapy becomes inevitable, an incremental transition to dialysis can be considered and has been proposed to possibly preserve residual kidney function longer. There are similarities and distinctions between kidney-preserving care and supportive care. Additional studies of dietary and pharmacological interventions and development of innovative strategies are necessary to ensure optimal kidney-preserving care and to achieve greater longevity and better health-related quality of life for these patients.