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Evidence suggests Resistance Training mayincreaseMuscle strength.
101 studies (147 claims)
Strong consensus
Typical effective dose 10050 (5075–15025) mgacross 2 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training | No effect - no effects | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Intake of whey isolate supplement and muscle mass gains in young healthy adults when combined with resistance training: a blinded randomized clinical trial (pilot study).cited 1× |
| whey protein supplementation and low intensity, high-volume resistance training | Increases - significant increase over time | muscle strength (biceps curl, leg extension, triceps extension) | Human | healthy postmenopausal women | 4 x 10 gram aliquots per training session (2 days per week). | Whey protein and high-volume resistance training in postmenopausal women.cited 22× |
| Resistance training with or without beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate | Increases - improves | muscle strength | Human | medical ICU patients | HMB group received 3 g/day of HMBCa. | Effects of a multilevel intervention of resistance training with or without beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate in medical ICU patients during entire hospitalisation: a four-arm multicentre randomised controlled trial.cited 13× |
| placebo with moderate-volume resistance training | No effect - no interactions | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| bioenhanced whey protein with low-volume resistance training | No effect - no interactions | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| standard whey protein with moderate-volume resistance training | No effect - no interactions | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| no supplementation with moderate-volume resistance training | No effect - no interactions | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| bioenhanced whey protein with moderate-volume resistance training | No effect - no interactions | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| resistance training | Increases - main effects for training were observed | muscle strength and endurance variables, body composition, muscle cross-sectional area, and safety blood markers | Human | healthy, recreationally trained, college-aged men | 5 g of additional polyethylene glycosylated (PEG) leucine per shake, consumed twice on training days and once on non-training days. | Muscle performance, size, and safety responses after eight weeks of resistance training and protein supplementation: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 24× |
| resistance training with additional protein intake | Increases - can be overcome | Loss in muscle strength observed after bariatric surgery | Human | — | Not specified (additional whey protein intake and supervised strength training). | Resistance Training and Protein Supplementation Increase Strength After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 72× |
| 28-week resistance training with linear periodization | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | premenopausal women | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| resistance training with linear periodization | Increases - significant increases in | maximal muscle strength | Human | linear periodization group (LPG) | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| resistance training with linear periodization | Increases - significant increases in | submaximal muscle strength | Human | linear periodization group (LPG) | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| The resistance training of 28 weeks | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | both training groups | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| resistance training with undulating periodization | Increases - significant increases in | maximal muscle strength | Human | undulating periodization group (UPG) | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| resistance training with undulating periodization | Increases - significant increases in | submaximal muscle strength | Human | undulating periodization group (UPG) | Not specified (resistance training only, no calcium supplementation). | Comparison of the effects of two resistance training regimens on muscular and bone responses in premenopausal women.cited 12× |
| 4 weeks of preoperative progressive resistance training (PRT) | Decreases - a significant group difference in favor of the intervention group was found | normalized knee extensor muscle strength | Human | patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) | Not specified (progressive resistance training regimen details not provided). | Efficacy of Preoperative Progressive Resistance Training on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.cited 63× |
| 4 weeks of preoperative progressive resistance training (PRT) | Increases - a significant group difference in favor of the intervention group was found | normalized knee flexor muscle strength | Human | patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) | Not specified (progressive resistance training regimen details not provided). | Efficacy of Preoperative Progressive Resistance Training on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty.cited 63× |
| supplements of testosterone, calcium, vitamin D and protein combined with progressive resistance training | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | men ≥70 years old with low-normal to low testosterone and mobility problems | Not specified (oral supplement). | Beneficial effects of exercise, testosterone, vitamin D, calcium and protein in older men-A randomized clinical trial.cited 4× |
| a standard supplementation (12 g per serving) of protein and resistance training | Increases - could be an efficient strategy to promote | muscle strength and physical capacity | Human | sarcopenic men | 12 g of protein per serving, with 7 g of essential amino acids from milk | The Effect of Resistance Training and Different Sources of Postexercise Protein Supplementation on Muscle Mass and Physical Capacity in Sarcopenic Elderly Men.cited 65× |
| Resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) | Increases - can promote gains | muscle strength and size | Human | — | Not specified | Local, proximal, and distal effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on strength and size of upper limb muscles in healthy individuals: A systematic review. |
| progressive resistance training (PRT) combined with a protein-enriched diet facilitated through lean red meat | Increases - greater gains in | muscle strength | Human | elderly women | — | Protein-enriched diet, with the use of lean red meat, combined with progressive resistance training enhances lean tissue mass and muscle strength and reduces circulating IL-6 concentrations in elderly women: a cluster randomized controlled trial.cited 138× |
| high-intensity resistance training (RT) | No effect - did not result in greater improvements | isokinetic muscle strength | Human | patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) | RT at 70-80% or 40-50% of 1-RM; vitamin D3 at 1200 IU/day. | High-intensity versus low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial.cited 29× |
| high-intensity resistance training (RT) | No effect - No differences were found between the groups | isokinetic muscle strength | Human | patients with knee OA | RT at 70-80% or 40-50% of 1-RM; vitamin D3 at 1200 IU/day. | High-intensity versus low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial.cited 29× |
| high-intensity resistance training | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | patients with myositis | High-intensity resistance training (specific dosage not detailed in abstract). | High-intensity resistance training in patients with myositis - 1-year follow-up on a randomised controlled trial. |
| 16 weeks of high-intensity resistance training | Increases - sustained | muscle strength (MMT8) | Human | patients with myositis | High-intensity resistance training (specific dosage not detailed in abstract). | High-intensity resistance training in patients with myositis - 1-year follow-up on a randomised controlled trial. |
| high-intensity resistance training | Increases - could be more effective for improving | muscle strength | Human | frail older adults | Various intensities (low, moderate, high) and volumes (moderate, high) of resistance training | Dose-response effects of resistance training on physical function in frail older Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.cited 7× |
| exercise volume of resistance training | Increases - showed linear relationships with | muscle strength of the lower limbs, 30sSTST and 6MWT results | Human | frail older adults | Various intensities (low, moderate, high) and volumes (moderate, high) of resistance training | Dose-response effects of resistance training on physical function in frail older Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.cited 7× |
| resistance training intensity | Increases - linear relationship with | muscle strength of the lower limbs and 6MWT | Human | frail older adults | Various intensities (low, moderate, high) and volumes (moderate, high) of resistance training | Dose-response effects of resistance training on physical function in frail older Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.cited 7× |
| resistance training | Increases - was found to be associated with | muscle strength and physical fitness | Human | frail older adults | Various intensities (low, moderate, high) and volumes (moderate, high) of resistance training | Dose-response effects of resistance training on physical function in frail older Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.cited 7× |
| high-volume resistance training | Increases - significantly improved | muscle strength | Human | frail older adults | Various intensities (low, moderate, high) and volumes (moderate, high) of resistance training | Dose-response effects of resistance training on physical function in frail older Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.cited 7× |
| high intensity resistance training | Increases - are able to improve | muscle strength and muscle mass | Human | RA and OA | Not specified | The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis.cited 18× |
| moderate intensity resistance training | Increases - are able to improve | muscle strength and muscle mass | Human | RA and OA | Not specified | The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis.cited 18× |
| low intensity resistance training combined with blood flow restriction | No effect - no significant differences in the effects | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis.cited 18× |
| low intensity resistance training combined with blood flow restriction | Increases - was reported to be higher | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | The effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy and functionality in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review with meta-analysis.cited 18× |
| home-based lower limb resistance training (LLRT) | Increases - can improve | muscle strength | Human | patients with stable COPD | Six sets of lower limb training cycles using self-gravity resistance and Thera-band resistance at 8-12RM, 20-30 min/session, 3 sessions/week | Effects of home-based lower limb resistance training on muscle strength and functional status in stable Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.cited 35× |
| exercise with a resistance training component performed post bariatric surgery | Increases - may improve | muscle strength | Human | adults following bariatric surgery | Not specified | Effect of physical exercise on muscle strength in adults following bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of different muscle strength assessment tests.cited 18× |
| single-limb, high-repetitive, resistance training with elastic bands, three times/week for 8 weeks | No effect - changes in | limb muscle strength and endurance capacity, key protein involved in quadriceps anabolic/catabolic signalization, fiber-type distribution and capillarization, subjective dyspnea and muscle fatigue, muscle oxygenation, cardiorespiratory demand and health-related quality-of-life | Human | patients with stable severe to very severe COPD who are older than 40 years of age | Three times/week for 8 weeks (using elastic bands). | Muscular and functional effects of partitioning exercising muscle mass in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 6× |
| two-limb high-repetitive resistance training with elastic bands, three times/week for 8 weeks | No effect - changes in | limb muscle strength and endurance capacity, key protein involved in quadriceps anabolic/catabolic signalization, fiber-type distribution and capillarization, subjective dyspnea and muscle fatigue, muscle oxygenation, cardiorespiratory demand and health-related quality-of-life | Human | patients with stable severe to very severe COPD who are older than 40 years of age | Three times/week for 8 weeks (using elastic bands). | Muscular and functional effects of partitioning exercising muscle mass in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 6× |
| high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | untrained healthy aging males | Not mentioned. | Effects of high-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males.cited 13× |
| concurrent creatine supplementation and resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength | Human | older adults | 20 g/day for 5 days or 2 g/day for 30 days | Use of creatine in the elderly and evidence for effects on cognitive function in young and old.cited 68× |
| collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increasing | FFM, muscle strength | Human | — | 15 g/d collagen peptides. | Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. |
| collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increasing | FFM, muscle strength | Human | — | 15 g/d collagen peptides. | Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. |
| Protein supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - may increase | muscle mass and muscle strength | Human | elderly subjects | 15 g/d collagen peptides. | Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. |
| Protein supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - may increase | muscle mass and muscle strength | Human | elderly subjects | 15 g/d collagen peptides. | Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial. |
| whey protein (WP) supplementation associated with resistance training (RT) | No effect - it was not confirmed | muscle strength in the handgrip test | Human | older adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) | 20 g per session, twice weekly. | The Influence of Whey Protein on Muscle Strength, Glycemic Control and Functional Tasks in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Resistance Exercise Program: Randomized and Triple Blind Clinical Trial.cited 9× |
| 24-week bodybuilding program combining resistance training (RT) with a dietary bulk-and-cut protocol | Increases - led to significant increases | muscle strength | Human | middle-aged adult males with obesity | Not specified (resistance training combined with 12-week cycles of caloric bulking and cutting). | A Pilot 24-Week 'Bulk and Cut' Dietary Protocol Combined with Resistance Training Is Feasible and Improves Body Composition and TNF-α Concentrations in Untrained Adult Males. |
| specific collagen peptides combined with resistance training | Increases - improves | body composition and muscle strength | Human | elderly sarcopenic men | 15 g of specific collagen peptides daily. | The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged, Untrained Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| specific collagen peptides combined with resistance training | Increases - improves | body composition and muscle strength | Human | elderly sarcopenic men | 15 g of specific collagen peptides daily. | The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged, Untrained Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| specific collagen peptides combined with resistance training | No effect | body composition and muscle strength | Human | middle-aged, untrained men | 15 g of specific collagen peptides daily. | The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged, Untrained Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| specific collagen peptides combined with resistance training | No effect | body composition and muscle strength | Human | middle-aged, untrained men | 15 g of specific collagen peptides daily. | The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged, Untrained Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| specific collagen peptides (SCP) combined with resistance training (RT) | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | 40 healthy male volunteers (age: 26.3 ± 4.0 years) | 5g SCP daily. | Effects of specific collagen peptide supplementation combined with resistance training on Achilles tendon properties. |
| specific collagen peptides (SCP) combined with resistance training (RT) | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | 40 healthy male volunteers (age: 26.3 ± 4.0 years) | 5g SCP daily. | Effects of specific collagen peptide supplementation combined with resistance training on Achilles tendon properties. |
| a higher volume of resistance training | Increases - seems to be necessary for achieving greater improvements in | muscle strength | Human | older adults | Resistance training categorized as low (LVRT), moderate (MVRT), and high volume (HVRT) based on weekly training volume (frequency × exercises × sets). | Effects of Resistance Training Volume on Physical Function, Lean Body Mass and Lower-Body Muscle Hypertrophy and Strength in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of 151 Randomised Trials.cited 1× |
| cysteine-rich whey protein (Immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength | Human | elderly individuals | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| casein supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | absolute muscle strength | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| casein supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength normalized by BW | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| casein supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength normalized by LBM | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| cysteine-rich whey protein isolate (Immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | absolute muscle strength | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| cysteine-rich whey protein isolate (Immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength normalized by BW | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| cysteine-rich whey protein isolate (Immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training | Increases - increase | muscle strength normalized by LBM | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| resistance training | Increases - increases | muscle strength | Human | non-frail elderly subjects | 20 g/day of casein. | Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.cited 38× |
| hypocaloric diet and resistance training program | Increases - improved | muscle strength and function | Human | both groups | 150 kcal supplement (21 g protein, enriched with leucine and vitamin D) 10 times per week. | A high whey protein-, leucine-, and vitamin D-enriched supplement preserves muscle mass during intentional weight loss in obese older adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.cited 160× |
| Resistance training + placebo | Increases - significant increases | upper and lower body muscle strength and power | Human | postmenopausal women | 50,000 IU cholecalciferol every two weeks. | The effects of 12 weeks resistance training and vitamin D administration on neuromuscular joint, muscle strength and power in postmenopausal women.cited 4× |
| Resistance training + vitamin D | Increases - significant increases | upper and lower body muscle strength and power | Human | postmenopausal women | 50,000 IU cholecalciferol every two weeks. | The effects of 12 weeks resistance training and vitamin D administration on neuromuscular joint, muscle strength and power in postmenopausal women.cited 4× |
| functional resistance training (FRT) | Increases - significant improvements | muscle strength | Human | inpatients admitted to medical or orthopaedic wards | Not specified | Effectiveness of Functional Resistance Training in Hospital to Prevent Deconditioning and Improve Discharge Pathways: A Service Evaluation. |
| Creatine supplementation after resistance training (CR-A) | Increases - increased | muscle strength (leg press) | Human | older adults (50-71 years) | 0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin (placebo) administered immediately before or after resistance training. | Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.cited 60× |
| Creatine supplementation after resistance training (CR-A) | Increases - increased | muscle strength (chest press) | Human | older adults (50-71 years) | 0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin (placebo) administered immediately before or after resistance training. | Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.cited 60× |
| Creatine supplementation before resistance training (CR-B) | Increases - increased | muscle strength (leg press) | Human | older adults (50-71 years) | 0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin (placebo) administered immediately before or after resistance training. | Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.cited 60× |
| Creatine supplementation before resistance training (CR-B) | Increases - increased | muscle strength (chest press) | Human | older adults (50-71 years) | 0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin (placebo) administered immediately before or after resistance training. | Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults.cited 60× |
| lower limb resistance training | Increases - Significant improvements were found | global lower limb muscle strength | Human | individuals with chronic stroke | Not specified | Effect of lower limb resistance training on ICF components in chronic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. |
| Protein supplementation on top of resistance training | Increases - is recommended to increase | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.cited 140× |
| Protein supplementation on top of resistance training | Increases - is recommended to increase | muscle strength | Human | obese persons | Not specified | Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.cited 140× |
| resistance training intervention | Increases - first significant increase | muscle strength | Human | 708 subjects from 57 training groups within 40 studies | Not specified | Impact of Different Mechanical and Metabolic Stimuli on the Temporal Dynamics of Muscle Strength Adaptation.cited 5× |
| resistance training intervention | Increases - plateau in muscle strength increase | muscle strength | Human | 708 subjects from 57 training groups within 40 studies | Not specified | Impact of Different Mechanical and Metabolic Stimuli on the Temporal Dynamics of Muscle Strength Adaptation.cited 5× |
| progressive resistance training (PRT) | Increases - was superior to BMCT | knee extensor muscle strength | Human | people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with impaired mobility | Not specified | How do resistance training and balance and motor control training affect gait performance and fatigue impact in people with multiple sclerosis? A randomized controlled multi-center study.cited 40× |
| progressive resistance training (RT) | Increases - increases | muscle strength | Human | older osteosarcopenic adults (≥65 years) | Not available | Non-Pharmacological Interventions in Osteosarcopenia: A Systematic Review.cited 21× |
| progressive resistance training | Increases - may increase | muscle strength | Human | young people with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and mild to moderate walking disabilities | Twice weekly for 12 weeks (individualized lower limb progressive resistance training). | The effects of progressive resistance training on daily physical activity in young people with cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial.cited 18× |
| 12-week low-load resistance training on an isokinetic dynamometer (control) | Increases - resulted in muscle strengthening | muscle strength | Human | women with risk factors for knee OA | Biweekly low-load resistance training sessions over 12 weeks. | Evaluation of the Combined Application of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Volitional Contractions on Thigh Muscle Strength, Knee Pain, and Physical Performance in Women at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 13× |
| resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | subjects after bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB) | Not specified | Effect of exercise training after bariatric surgery: A 5-year follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial.cited 19× |
| neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) added to endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT) | Increases - significantly improved | quadriceps muscle strength | Human | COPD patients | Not specified. | The Effect of Adding Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation with Endurance and Resistance Training on Exercise Capacity and Balance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 8× |
| endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT) alone | Increases - improved | quadriceps muscle strength | Human | COPD patients | Not specified. | The Effect of Adding Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation with Endurance and Resistance Training on Exercise Capacity and Balance in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 8× |
| HIIT on a cycle ergometer before resistance training | No effect - does not seem to impair | muscle strength increases in the elbow flexors | Human | pre-menopausal women | — | High intensity interval training does not impair strength gains in response to resistance training in premenopausal women.cited 7× |
| HIIT on a cycle ergometer before resistance training | No effect - does not seem to impair | muscle strength increases in the knee extensors | Human | pre-menopausal women | — | High intensity interval training does not impair strength gains in response to resistance training in premenopausal women.cited 7× |
| free leucine supplementation combined with resistance training | Increases - moderate changes | isometric leg muscle strength | Human | older adults | 10 g leucine/day | Effects of free leucine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and functional status in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.cited 32× |
| creatine monohydrate supplementation and resistance training | Increases - improves | upper- and lower-body muscle strength | Human | older adults | Not specified | Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle, Bone and Brain- Hope or Hype for Older Adults?cited 3× |
| community-based resistance training and dietary modifications | Increases - can improve | muscle strength | Human | overweight and obese older adults | 1 weekly dietary counseling session on a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. | Effects of resistance training and dietary changes on physical function and body composition in overweight and obese older adults.cited 19× |
| concurrent endurance and resistance training (CET) | No effect - not susceptible to 'interference effects' | muscle strength | Human | recreationally active males | 2 g·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹ of protein. | Adaptations to Concurrent Training in Combination with High Protein Availability: A Comparative Trial in Healthy, Recreationally Active Men.cited 24× |
| low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction | Increases - significantly improved | lower limb muscle strength | Human | middle-aged and older adults | Not specified | The Effect of Low Intensity Resistance Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Fall Resistance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.cited 4× |
| low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction | Increases - can effectively improve | lower limb muscle strength | Human | middle-aged and older adults | Not specified | The Effect of Low Intensity Resistance Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Fall Resistance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.cited 4× |
| Aerobic and/or resistance training | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | COPD patients | — | Changes in lower limb muscle function and muscle mass following exercise-based interventions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A review of the English-language literature.cited 42× |
| creatine supplementation combined with resistance training | Increases - significantly increased | upper-body muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Muscle Strength Gains in Adults <50 Years of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.cited 3× |
| low-volume resistance training (three sets) | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | postmenopausal women | Eight total body exercises at 70% of one repetition maximum, performed three times a week | Effect of resistance training volume on walking speed performance in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial.cited 12× |
| high-volume resistance training (six sets) | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | postmenopausal women | Eight total body exercises at 70% of one repetition maximum, performed three times a week | Effect of resistance training volume on walking speed performance in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial.cited 12× |
| protein supplementation combined with resistance training | No effect - no differences were observed | muscle strength increases | Human | older people | Not specified | Effects of Protein Supplementation Associated with Resistance Training on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews with Meta-analyses.cited 11× |
| pea protein (PPr) in combination with a weekly resistance training program | No effect - were assessed for changes in | whole-body muscle strength (WBMS) including handgrip, lower body, and upper body strength, body composition, and product perception | Human | Sedentary adults | Not specified | Efficacy of Pea Protein Supplementation in Combination with a Resistance Training Program on Muscle Performance in a Sedentary Adult Population: A Randomized, Comparator-Controlled, Parallel Clinical Trial.cited 2× |
| resistance training of low volume and high intensity | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | post-menopausal women | 4 J per diode (7 visible diodes at 630 nm and 7 infrared diodes at 850 nm, 100 mW each) applied to quadriceps femoris muscle prior to exercise. | Effects of photobiomodulation on muscle strength in post-menopausal women submitted to a resistance training program.cited 6× |
| resistance training plus photobiomodulation (PBM) | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | post-menopausal women | 4 J per diode (7 visible diodes at 630 nm and 7 infrared diodes at 850 nm, 100 mW each) applied to quadriceps femoris muscle prior to exercise. | Effects of photobiomodulation on muscle strength in post-menopausal women submitted to a resistance training program.cited 6× |
| resistance training alone | Increases - significantly improved | muscle strength | Human | healthy older adults | Not specified | Comparison of the Effectiveness of Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Body Composition and Physical Function in Healthy Elderly Adults. |
| protein supplementation and resistance training (combined intervention) | Increases - significantly improved | muscle strength | Human | healthy older adults | Not specified | Comparison of the Effectiveness of Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Body Composition and Physical Function in Healthy Elderly Adults. |
| omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and resistance training | Increases - significantly improved | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and resistance training on skeletal muscle.cited 4× |
| resistance training (RT) program | Increases - improving | muscle strength | Human | post-bariatric patients | 60-minute sessions, 3 times/week | Effects of physical training on physical and functional fitness, physical activity level, endothelial function, hemodynamic variables, bone metabolism, and quality of life of post-bariatric patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 5× |
| resistance training program | Increases - improvement in | muscle strength (Leg press) | Human | previously untrained, young subjects | 3.0 g/day of leucine, administered as a single post-training dose. | Free leucine supplementation during an 8-week resistance training program does not increase muscle mass and strength in untrained young adult subjects.cited 18× |
| resistance training program | Increases - improvement in | muscle strength (knee extension) | Human | previously untrained, young subjects | 3.0 g/day of leucine, administered as a single post-training dose. | Free leucine supplementation during an 8-week resistance training program does not increase muscle mass and strength in untrained young adult subjects.cited 18× |
| high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with resistance training | Increases - increased | isokinetic muscle strength in both quadriceps and hamstrings at each speed | Human | multiple sclerosis patients | — | High-intensity interval training combined with resistance training improves physiological capacities, strength and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: a pilot study.cited 20× |
| supervised progressive resistance training (RT) | Increases - less effective for improving | muscle strength | Human | persons with hip osteoarthritis | Not specified | Exercise in patients with hip osteoarthritis - effects on muscle and functional performance: A randomized trial.cited 10× |
| supervised progressive resistance training (RT) | Increases - significant between-group differences for improvements | muscle strength in the most symptomatic leg | Human | patients with hip osteoarthritis | Not specified | Exercise in patients with hip osteoarthritis - effects on muscle and functional performance: A randomized trial.cited 10× |
| 16-week progressive resistance training (PRT) | Increases - significantly improved | muscle strength | Human | people with progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) | Not specified | Effects of 16-week progressive resistance training on neurodegeneration in people with progressive multiple sclerosis: An extended baseline within-person trial. |
| periodized resistance training | Increases - could be used to target | limb-muscle strength | Human | people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | Not specified in the abstract. | Effect and feasibility of non-linear periodized resistance training in people with COPD: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 2× |
| resistance training | Increases - focuses on improving | muscle strength | Human | people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | Not specified in the abstract. | Effect and feasibility of non-linear periodized resistance training in people with COPD: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 2× |
| creatine supplementation in conjunction with resistance training | No effect - aims to examine the effects | body composition, muscle strength and physical function | Human | prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy | Not specified in the abstract. | Examining the effects of creatine supplementation in augmenting adaptations to resistance training in patients with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.cited 13× |
| integrated instability resistance training and cognitive training (IRCT) | Increases - demonstrated enhancements in | leg muscle strength | Human | elderly women | Not specified | Comparative effects of cognitive and instability resistance training versus instability resistance training on balance and cognition in elderly women.cited 1× |
| isolated instability resistance training (IRT) | Increases - demonstrated enhancements in | leg muscle strength | Human | elderly women | Not specified | Comparative effects of cognitive and instability resistance training versus instability resistance training on balance and cognition in elderly women.cited 1× |
| 12-week body-weight-based resistance training program | Increases - enhanced | lower-extremity muscle strength | Human | community-dwelling older women | Twice weekly sessions for 12 weeks. | Effect of Body-Weight-Based Resistance Training on Balance Ability and Fear of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Women. |
| 10-week combined aerobic and resistance training exercise prescription | Increases - effectively improves | pelvic floor muscle strength | Human | postpartum women | Not specified (combined aerobic and resistance training program). | A Study on 10-Week Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Exercise Prescription for Female Patients with Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. |
| drop-set resistance training | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | untrained aging adults | 0.2 g/kg/day (placebo group) and 0.1 g/kg/day (creatine group). | Effect of creatine supplementation and drop-set resistance training in untrained aging adults.cited 36× |
| isolated resistance training | Increases - associated with greater clinical benefits | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Exercise, nutrition and managing hip fracture in older persons.cited 37× |
| resistance training of the lower extremities | No effect - balance improvements did not correlate with improvements | muscle strength | Human | participants with chronic stroke | 3 days/week for 12 weeks. | Balance and walking performance are improved after resistance and aerobic training in persons with chronic stroke.cited 33× |
| resistance training | Decreases - has been recommended as an efficient means to combat | loss of muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified (frequency and intensity not detailed in the abstract). | A randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of standardized tai chi in prefrail older adults with immunosenescence: design and protocol. |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - significantly improved | lower extremity muscle strength | Human | older adults | 45 minutes, 3 times per week. | A 24-Week Combined Resistance and Balance Training Program Improves Physical Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - significantly improved | upper extremity muscle strength | Human | older adults | 45 minutes, 3 times per week. | A 24-Week Combined Resistance and Balance Training Program Improves Physical Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. |
| resistance training | Increases - enhanced the effectiveness of standard care to improve | lower limb muscle strength | Human | patients with severe to moderate walking disability during inpatient rehabilitation in intensive care unit acquired weakness | Intervention applied 5 days a week. | Cycle ergometer training vs resistance training in ICU-acquired weakness.cited 19× |
| Resistance Training | Increases - increase in lower limb muscle strength | lower limb muscle strength | Human | RT group | Not specified | Effects of lower limb muscle strengthening on interface pressure in older adults undergoing inelastic compression: Randomized controlled clinical trial. |
| resistance training | Increases - Increases in muscle strength appeared especially with | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Exercise alone or combined with dietary supplements for sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older people: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.cited 37× |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - improves | muscle strength | Human | older people | Biweekly sessions (4-week protocol) | Effects of High-Intensity Progressive Resistance Training Combined With Self-Talk on Muscle Strength and Functional Performance in Older Adults. |
| resistance training | Increases - significantly increased | muscle strength | Human | resistance-trained men | 3 g/day | D-aspartic acid supplementation combined with 28 days of heavy resistance training has no effect on body composition, muscle strength, and serum hormones associated with the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in resistance-trained men.cited 23× |
| Resistance training (RT) | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | overweight/obese postmenopausal women | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of DHA-Rich n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and/or Resistance Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Overweight and Obese Post-Menopausal Women.cited 21× |
| Resistance training | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | community-dwelling older adults aged 55+ | Not specified | Community-based group physical activity and/or nutrition interventions to promote mobility in older adults: an umbrella review.cited 7× |
| Resistance training | Increases - improved | muscle strength | Human | community-dwelling older adults | Not specified | Community-based physical activity and/or nutrition interventions to promote mobility in older adults: An umbrella review.cited 2× |
| resistance training | Increases - positive and significant effect | muscle strength | Human | older adults | High-intensity resistance training (80% 1RM) recommended; low-intensity (≤50% 1RM) also effective. | Exercise Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia. A Systematic Umbrella Review.cited 190× |
| resistance training | Increases - reinforces the value in improving muscle strength | muscle strength | Human | dynapenic older adults with low protein intake | Not specified | Independent and combined effect of home-based progressive resistance training and nutritional supplementation on muscle strength, muscle mass and physical function in dynapenic older adults with low protein intake: A randomized controlled trial.cited 23× |
| resistance training | Increases - increased | muscle strength | Human | male and female participants (healthy, n = 71; COPD, n = 24; age 68 ± 5 years) | Not specified in the abstract. | Vitamin Dcited 27× |
| Resistance training | Increases - can improve | muscle strength | Human | older adults | Resistance training for major muscle groups at 6-12 repetitions maximum intensity, at least twice weekly | Using the specificity and overload principles to prevent sarcopenia, falls and fractures with exercise.cited 6× |
| Resistance training | Increases - an increase in muscle strength | muscle strength | Human | persons of retirement age with sarcopenic obesity | Not specified | Nutritional and exercise interventions in individuals with sarcopenic obesity around retirement age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 27× |
| resistance training | Increases - strengthen | muscle strength | Human | older adults | 0.1 g/kg of body weight daily (creatine monohydrate). | The role of resistance training and creatine supplementation on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, muscle strength, and quality of life in older adults.cited 11× |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - proven to have beneficial effects on improving | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified | Exercise and nutrition interventions for renal cachexia.cited 3× |
| Resistance Training (RT) | Increases - can improve | muscle strength | Human | Parkinson's Disease (PD) | Not specified | Parkinson's disease and intensive exercise therapy--a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 136× |
| resistance training | Increases - significant increase | muscle strength | Human | burned children | Not available | The effects of resistance training on children with burns: a meta-analysis.cited 4× |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - positive effects | muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified (NMES superimposed over voluntary muscle contraction; RT with submaximal loads). | Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Resistance Training on Knee Extensor/Flexor Muscles.cited 8× |
| resistance training | Increases - emphasis on | muscle strength and bone mineral density preservation | Human | older adults | — | Obesity pharmacotherapy in older adults: a narrative review of evidence. |
| resistance training | No effect - effects in terms of | muscle strength and functional ability | Human | — | Not specified | Therapeutic strategies for sarcopenic obesity: a systematic review.cited 23× |
| resistance training | Increases - may improve | muscle strength and mass | Human | — | Not specified | Treating sarcopenia in older and oldest old.cited 50× |
| resistance training | No effect | muscle strength endurance (30-s chair stand and arm curl tests) | Human | 100 seniors (65-85 years) | 400 mg of calcium daily. | Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Resistance Training on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Functional Performance of Older Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.cited 15× |
| resistance training (RT) | Increases - improvement | quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) | Human | people with COPD | Not specified | Impact of resistance training on the 6-minute walk test in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 18× |
| resistance training (RT) | Affects - addition to AT | reduced muscle strength | Human | heart failure patients | — | The 'aerobic/resistance/inspiratory muscle training hypothesis in heart failure'.cited 26× |
| Combining protein supplementation with resistance training | No effect - does not seem to increase | muscle strength | Human | older adults | Varied—some studies used body mass-related quantities, others provided fixed daily amounts. | Effects of protein supplementation in older adults undergoing resistance training: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 127× |
| Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation combined with resistance training (RT) | Increases - has been shown to improve | body composition and muscle strength | Human | — | Not specified in the abstract. | Creatine Enhances the Effects of Cluster-Set Resistance Training on Lower-Limb Body Composition and Strength in Resistance-Trained Men: A Pilot Study.cited 15× |
| 16-week progressive resistance training intervention (PRT) | Increases - significant improvement | muscle strength | Human | people living with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis | Not specified | Effects of progressive resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in people with progressive multiple sclerosis. |
| resistance training (RT) and protein supplementation (PS) | Increases - improvement | muscle strength and physical performance | Human | healthy elderly (>60 years) | Not specified | Effectiveness of Protein Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.cited 22× |
| aerobic and resistance training | Increases - result in significantly increased | muscle strength | Human | anorexia patients | Not specified | A systematic review of physical therapy interventions for patients with anorexia and bulemia nervosa.cited 65× |