Effect of exercise training after bariatric surgery: A 5-year follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to assess the long-term effects of resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery and analyze associations between habitual physical activity and weight regain at 5 years.
Results Summary
The study found that early postoperative resistance training did not improve muscle strength after 5 years, but higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with lower weight regain. Weight loss was maintained at 32.8 kg on average, with a mean regain of 5.4 kg compared to the 12-month assessment.
Population
Patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery (initial n=76, follow-up n=54).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
5-year follow-up
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery | increase | muscle strength | subjects after bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB) | - | improved | #1 |
resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery | no change | weight loss and body composition changes | subjects after bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB) | - | without significant effect | #2 |
exercise training intervention | no change | muscle strength | patients after bariatric surgery | - | was not associated with improved | #3 |
Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed by accelerometry | no change | MVPA levels | patients after bariatric surgery | +5.2 (SD 21.7) min/d | did not change significantly | #4 |
time | decrease | muscle strength | patients after bariatric surgery | -49.9 (53.5) kg | decreased | #5 |
interquartile increase in MVPA levels | decrease | weight regain | patients after bariatric surgery | OR [95% CI]: 3.27 [1.41;9.86] | was positively associated with lower | #6 |
increasing physical activity of at least moderate intensity | increase | weight maintenance | patients after bariatric surgery | - | may promote | #7 |
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We previously showed in a 6-month randomized controlled trial that resistance training and protein supplementation after bariatric surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB) improved muscle strength without significant effect on weight loss and body composition changes. We performed a 5-year follow-up study in these subjects with the aim 1) to assess the long-term effect of this exercise training intervention and 2) to analyze associations between habitual physical activity (PA) and weight regain at 5 years. METHODS: Fifty-four out of 76 initial participants (follow-up rate of 71%) completed the 5-year follow-up examination (controls, n = 17; protein supplementation, n = 22; protein supplementation and resistance training, n = 15). We measured body weight and composition (DXA), lower-limb strength (leg-press one-repetition maximum) and habitual PA (Actigraph accelerometers and self-report). Weight regain at 5 years was considered low when <10% of 12-month weight loss. RESULTS: Mean (SD) time elapse since RYGB was 5.7 (0.9) y. At 5 years, weight loss was 32.8 (10.1) kg, with a mean weight regain of 5.4 (SD 5.9) kg compared with the 12-month assessment. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed by accelerometry did not change significantly compared with pre-surgery values (+5.2 [SD 21.7] min/d, P = 0.059), and only 4 (8.2%) patients reported participation in resistance training. Muscle strength decreased over time (overall mean [SD]: -49.9 [53.5] kg, respectively, P<0.001), with no statistically significant difference between exercise training intervention groups. An interquartile increase in MVPA levels was positively associated with lower weight regain (OR [95% CI]: 3.27 [1.41;9.86]). CONCLUSIONS: Early postoperative participation in a resistance training protocol after bariatric surgery was not associated with improved muscle strength after 5 years of follow-up; however, increasing physical activity of at least moderate intensity may promote weight maintenance after surgery. PA may therefore play an important role in the long-term management of patients with obesity after undergoing bariatric procedure.