Effects of resistance training and dietary changes on physical function and body composition in overweight and obese older adults.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of a community-based resistance training and dietary intervention on physical function and body composition in overweight and obese older adults.
Results Summary
The study found small but significant improvements in body mass, waist circumference, and percent body fat, along with notable gains in knee extensor torque, handgrip strength, and physical function test performance.
Population
Overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years with a BMI of 33.4±4.0 kg/m².
Effective Dosage
1 weekly dietary counseling session on a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet.
Duration
8 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | decrease | body mass | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | -1.0±1.8 kg | small changes | #1 |
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | decrease | waist circumference | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | -5.2±3.8 cm | small changes | #2 |
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | decrease | percent body fat | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | -0.5±1.4% | small changes | #3 |
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | increase | knee extensor torque | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | +7.9±19.1 N-m | significant improvements | #4 |
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | increase | handgrip strength | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | +1.2±2.5 kg | significant improvements | #5 |
community-based resistance training and dietary intervention | decrease | 8-foot up-and-go test time | overweight and obese older adults aged 55-80 years | -0.56±0.89 s | significant improvements | #6 |
community-based resistance training and dietary modifications | increase | body composition | overweight and obese older adults | - | can improve | #7 |
community-based resistance training and dietary modifications | increase | muscle strength | overweight and obese older adults | - | can improve | #8 |
community-based resistance training and dietary modifications | increase | physical function | overweight and obese older adults | - | can improve | #9 |
BACKGROUND: Community-based interventions that incorporate resistance training (RT) and dietary changes have not been extensively studied in overweight and obese older adults. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a community-based RT and dietary intervention on physical function and body composition in overweight and obese older adults. METHODS: Ninety-five overweight and obese (BMI=33.4±4.0 kg/m2) older adults aged 55-80 years completed an 8-week RT and dietary intervention at 4 Rhode Island senior centers. Participants performed RT twice-weekly using resistance tubing, dumbbells, and ankle weights. Participants also attended 1 weekly dietary counseling session on a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. Outcome measurements included anthropometrics, body composition, and physical function. RESULTS: There were small changes in body mass (-1.0±1.8 kg, P<.001), waist circumference (-5.2±3.8 cm, P<.001), and percent body fat (-0.5±1.4%, P<.001). In addition, significant improvements were observed in knee extensor torque (+7.9±19.1 N-m, P<.001), handgrip strength (+1.2±2.5 kg, P<.001), and 8-foot up-and-go test time (-0.56±0.89 s, P<.001). CONCLUSION: Community-based RT and dietary modifications can improve body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in overweight and obese older adults. Future investigations should determine if this intervention is effective for long-term changes.