20
136
13
↑20
↓136
—13
Evidence suggests Ketogenic Diet maydecreaseFat mass.
118 studies (169 claims)
Strong consensus
Typical effective dose 27 (27–27) %across 1 dosed study
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Fat diet and High Fructose (HFHF) | Increases - presented by | fat mass | Animal | rat | Not specified | Anorexic and metabolic effect of jojoba: potential treatment against metabolic syndrome and hepatic complications.cited 8× |
| Adding jojoba seeds to HFHF rat group diet | Decreases - induced a decrease in | fat mass | Animal | HFHF rat group | Not specified | Anorexic and metabolic effect of jojoba: potential treatment against metabolic syndrome and hepatic complications.cited 8× |
| MI+DCI in association with diet | Increases - seems to accelerate | fat mass reduction | Human | overweight/obese PCOS women | Group 2: MI 4 g + folic acid 400 µg daily; Group 3: MI 1.1 g + DCI 27.6 mg + folic acid 400 µg daily. | Effects of three treatment modalities (diet, myoinositol or myoinositol associated with D-chiro-inositol) on clinical and body composition outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.cited 19× |
| low calorie diet in combination with oral supplementation by vitamins, minerals, probiotics and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 125-180 IUs) | Decreases - reduced | body fat mass | Human | participants | Not specified for probiotics alone. | Effect of weight reduction on cardiovascular risk factors and CD34-positive cells in circulation.cited 25× |
| core stabilization exercises + lacto-vegetarian diet | Decreases - decreasing fat mass | fat mass | Human | women with fibromyalgia | Not specified | [Effects of lacto-vegetarian diet and stabilization core exercises on body composition and pain in women with fibromyalgia: randomized controlled trial].cited 14× |
| leucine supplementation coupled with a calorie-restricted diet | Decreases - lost | fat mass | Human | mid-life overweight and obese women | 10 g leucine daily | Efficacy of L-Leucine Supplementation Coupled with a Calorie-Restricted Diet to Promote Weight Loss in Mid-Life Women.cited 7× |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training | Decreases - reduced | compartmental fat mass | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training | Decreases - reduced | total fat mass | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training with essential amino acids | Decreases - reduced | compartmental fat mass | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training with essential amino acids | Decreases - reduced | total fat mass | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| hypocaloric Mediterranean diet | Decreases - were decreased | fat mass | Human | overweight, sedentary, young participants | Not specified (hypocaloric -700 kcal/day for all diets). | Comparison of short-term hypocaloric high-protein diets with a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet: Effect on body composition and health-related blood markers in overweight and sedentary young participants.cited 15× |
| high-protein diet | Decreases - were decreased | fat mass | Human | overweight, sedentary, young participants | Not specified (hypocaloric -700 kcal/day for all diets). | Comparison of short-term hypocaloric high-protein diets with a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet: Effect on body composition and health-related blood markers in overweight and sedentary young participants.cited 15× |
| dairy-based diet | Decreases - achieved a more significant reduction | body fat mass | Human | Participants | Not specified. | A systematic review on the effectiveness of diet and exercise in the management of obesity.cited 15× |
| modified diet group (MD) | Decreases - decreases | fat mass content (FM) | Human | overweight and obese retired miners with lipid disorders | 1 hour of Nordic walking 3 times per week at 60-70% of maximal heart rate. | Effect of 12-Week Interventions Involving Nordic Walking Exercise and a Modified Diet on the Anthropometric Parameters and Blood Lipid Profiles in Overweight and Obese Ex-Coal Miners.cited 9× |
| almond-enriched low-calorie diet (almond-LCD) | Decreases - greater reductions | fat mass (FM) | Human | overweight and obese adults | 84 g/day of almonds. | Almonds vs complex carbohydrates in a weight reduction program.cited 156× |
| almond-enriched low-calorie diet (almond-LCD) | Decreases - 56% greater reduction | fat mass (FM) | Human | overweight and obese adults | 84 g/day of almonds. | Almonds vs complex carbohydrates in a weight reduction program.cited 156× |
| high protein and low glycemic index (GI) diet | Decreases - reduced | fat mass | Human | non-obese, untrained patients with asthma | Not specified (ad libitum high-protein, low-GI diet). | The efficacy of a high protein/low glycemic index diet intervention in non-obese patients with asthma.cited 3× |
| ad libitum high protein-low GI diet | Decreases - resulted in a greater loss | fat mass | Human | non-obese patients with asthma | Not specified (ad libitum high-protein, low-GI diet). | The efficacy of a high protein/low glycemic index diet intervention in non-obese patients with asthma.cited 3× |
| enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | all patients | Not specified | [Influence of rs670 variant of APOA1 gene on serum HDL response to an enriched-polyunsaturated vs. an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet].cited 2× |
| enriched-polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | all patients | Not specified | [Influence of rs670 variant of APOA1 gene on serum HDL response to an enriched-polyunsaturated vs. an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet].cited 2× |
| spinach-derived thylakoids supplementation combined with a calorie-restricted diet | Decreases - significant decreases | fat mass | Human | obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) | 5 g/day thylakoid. | The effects of spinach-derived thylakoid supplementation in combination with calorie restriction on anthropometric parameters and metabolic profiles in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 15× |
| very high protein diet (4.4 g/kg/d) | No effect - no significant changes for | fat mass | Human | resistance-trained individuals | 4.4 g/kg/d of protein. | The effects of consuming a high protein diet (4.4 g/kg/d) on body composition in resistance-trained individuals.cited 71× |
| hypocaloric Mediterranean diet pattern for 9 months with a high amount of monounsaturated fatty acids | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | 133 patients with obesity | Not specified | Interaction of the variant in the adiponectin gene rs3774261 with serum lipid profile and adiponectin levels after 9 months with a high monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean pattern.cited 2× |
| low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score | Increases - associated with | higher fat mass | Human | obese individuals | Not specified (dietary intake assessed via FFQ, LCD score based on deciles of intake). | Low-carbohydrate diet score is associated with improved blood pressure and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese adults.cited 6× |
| hypoenergetic diet rich in ALA (3·4 g/d) | Decreases - decreases were significantly correlated with the decreases | body fat mass | Human | eighty-one overweight-to-obese patients with metabolic syndrome traits | 3.4 g/d (high-ALA diet) vs. 0.9 g/d (low-ALA diet). | Effects of an energy-restricted diet rich in plant-derived α-linolenic acid on systemic inflammation and endothelial function in overweight-to-obese patients with metabolic syndrome traits.cited 42× |
| hypocaloric high-protein diet | No effect - remained relatively stable | body fat mass | Human | NAFLD patients | Not specified | Hypocaloric high-protein diet improves clinical and biochemical markers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).cited 29× |
| reduced-calorie diet including a daily dark chocolate snack | Decreases - decreases | fat mass | Human | overweight and obese premenopausal women | Daily dark chocolate snack (exact amount not specified). | A reduced-calorie dietary pattern including a daily sweet snack promotes body weight reduction and body composition improvements in premenopausal women who are overweight and obese: a pilot study.cited 15× |
| reduced-calorie diet including a daily non-chocolate snack | Decreases - decreases | fat mass | Human | overweight and obese premenopausal women | Daily dark chocolate snack (exact amount not specified). | A reduced-calorie dietary pattern including a daily sweet snack promotes body weight reduction and body composition improvements in premenopausal women who are overweight and obese: a pilot study.cited 15× |
| lower-protein control diet (1.2 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) combined with resistance exercise training and high-intensity interval training | Decreases - loss | fat mass | Human | young men | — | Higher compared with lower dietary protein during an energy deficit combined with intense exercise promotes greater lean mass gain and fat mass loss: a randomized trial.cited 152× |
| higher-protein diet (2.4 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) combined with resistance exercise training and high-intensity interval training | Decreases - greater loss | fat mass | Human | young men | — | Higher compared with lower dietary protein during an energy deficit combined with intense exercise promotes greater lean mass gain and fat mass loss: a randomized trial.cited 152× |
| low-carbohydrate (LC) non-energy-restricted diet | Decreases - were equally effective in reducing | fat mass | Human | Chinese women | LC diet started at 20 g/d of carbohydrates, increasing by 10 g weekly; ER diet had 156-205 g/d of carbohydrates with a 35% energy reduction. | Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and cardiometabolic profile in Chinese women: a randomised controlled feeding trial.cited 26× |
| low-carbohydrate (LC) non-energy-restricted diet | Decreases - showed similarly decreased | percentage of fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | Human | overweight or obese Chinese women | LC diet started at 20 g/d of carbohydrates, increasing by 10 g weekly; ER diet had 156-205 g/d of carbohydrates with a 35% energy reduction. | Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and cardiometabolic profile in Chinese women: a randomised controlled feeding trial.cited 26× |
| energy-restricted (ER) diet | Decreases - were equally effective in reducing | fat mass | Human | Chinese women | LC diet started at 20 g/d of carbohydrates, increasing by 10 g weekly; ER diet had 156-205 g/d of carbohydrates with a 35% energy reduction. | Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and cardiometabolic profile in Chinese women: a randomised controlled feeding trial.cited 26× |
| energy-restricted (ER) diet | Decreases - showed similarly decreased | percentage of fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry | Human | overweight or obese Chinese women | LC diet started at 20 g/d of carbohydrates, increasing by 10 g weekly; ER diet had 156-205 g/d of carbohydrates with a 35% energy reduction. | Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and cardiometabolic profile in Chinese women: a randomised controlled feeding trial.cited 26× |
| diet enriched by green leafy vegetables and with a moderate restriction of carbohydrate intake | Decreases - significantly lower | fat mass | Human | patients with NAFLD | One portion of green leafy vegetables daily, replacing one portion of carbohydrate-rich food. | The Replacement of Only One Portion of Starchy Carbohydrates with Green Leafy Vegetables Regresses Mid and Advanced Stages of NAFLD: Results from a Prospective Pilot Study.cited 3× |
| a 6-month personalized counseling program, based on Mediterranean diet principles | Increases - increased | fat mass | Human | cohort A (EBC patients who attended counseling) | 6-month personalized dietary counseling program based on Mediterranean diet principles. | Body composition in early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors: Does dietary counseling matter? |
| a 6-month personalized counseling program, based on Mediterranean diet principles | Increases - increased | fat mass | Human | cohort B (EBC patients who did not attend counseling) | 6-month personalized dietary counseling program based on Mediterranean diet principles. | Body composition in early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant aromatase inhibitors: Does dietary counseling matter? |
| energy-restricted diet | Decreases - significantly reduced | fat mass | Human | overweight and obese women with PCOS | 12 × 10^9 CFU/day of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. | A low glycemic index, energy-restricted diet but not Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation changes fecal short-chain fatty acid and serum lipid concentrations in women with overweight or obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome.cited 20× |
| plant-based vegan diet | Decreases - significant reductions in | fat mass | Human | overweight participants | Not specified | A plant-based diet in overweight individuals in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: metabolic benefits of plant protein.cited 87× |
| weight reduction diet + edible paraffin weekly | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency | 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly | Effect of vitamin D supplementation along with weight loss diet on meta-inflammation and fat mass in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.cited 31× |
| Improvement in vitamin D status in combination with weight loss diet | Decreases - resulted in decrease | fat mass | Human | obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency | 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly | Effect of vitamin D supplementation along with weight loss diet on meta-inflammation and fat mass in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.cited 31× |
| weight reduction diet + bolus weekly dose of 50 000 IU vitamin D | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency | 50,000 IU vitamin D weekly | Effect of vitamin D supplementation along with weight loss diet on meta-inflammation and fat mass in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.cited 31× |
| high-fat diet | Increases - exhibited greater increases | body weight and fat mass | Animal | group H0 rats | H1: 100 mg/kg BW thiamine, 100 mg/kg BW riboflavin, 250 mg/kg BW niacin daily; H2: 100 mg/kg BW pyridoxine, 100 mg/kg BW cobalamin, 5 mg/kg BW folate daily; H3: combined H1 and H2 regimens daily | B Vitamins Supplementation Can Improve Cognitive Functions and May Relate to the Enhancement of Transketolase Activity in A Rat Model of Cognitive Impairment Associated with High-fat Diets.cited 3× |
| high-fat diet | No effect - did not differ between groups | fat mass (a proxy for obesity as measured by NMR) | Animal | rats in any study | 10%, 30%, 45%, or 60% fat diets (lard or unsaturated fats) | Dietary Fat Quantity and Type Induce Transcriptome-Wide Effects on Alternative Splicing of Pre-mRNA in Rat Skeletal Muscle.cited 9× |
| high-fat diet (51% kcal fat, HFC) | Increases - had significantly higher | visceral fat mass | HumanAnimalMolecular | Sprague-Dawley rats | 150 mg/day (human study). | High molecular weight poly-gamma-glutamic acid regulates lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-fat diet and humans. |
| high-fat diet (51% kcal fat, HFC) | Increases - had significantly higher | visceral fat mass | HumanAnimalMolecular | Sprague-Dawley rats | 150 mg/day (human study). | High molecular weight poly-gamma-glutamic acid regulates lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-fat diet and humans. |
| therapeutic 'lifestyle change' diet | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass (assessed by DXA) | Human | both groups | Not specified | Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months' consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects. |
| therapeutic 'lifestyle change' diet | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass (assessed by DXA) | Human | both groups | Not specified | Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months' consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects. |
| therapeutic 'lifestyle change' diet | Increases - significantly increased | resting energy expenditure/free fat mass | Human | both groups | Not specified | Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months' consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects. |
| therapeutic 'lifestyle change' diet | Increases - significantly increased | resting energy expenditure/free fat mass | Human | both groups | Not specified | Improvement in insulin resistance and favourable changes in plasma inflammatory adipokines after weight loss associated with two months' consumption of a combination of bioactive food ingredients in overweight subjects. |
| Animal HP diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | subjects with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) | Not specified | Effect of the intake of dietary protein on insulin resistance in subjects with obesity: a randomized controlled clinical trial.cited 17× |
| Vegetable HP diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | subjects with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) | Not specified | Effect of the intake of dietary protein on insulin resistance in subjects with obesity: a randomized controlled clinical trial.cited 17× |
| hypoenergetic diet (DI) and walking program | Decreases - significantly reduced | total fat mass | Human | overweight and obese participants | 2.5 hours of walking per week. | Moderate Walking Enhances the Effects of an Energy-Restricted Diet on Fat Mass Loss and Serum Insulin in Overweight and Obese Adults in a 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 11× |
| hypoenergetic diet (DI) only | Decreases - significantly reduced | total fat mass | Human | overweight and obese participants | 2.5 hours of walking per week. | Moderate Walking Enhances the Effects of an Energy-Restricted Diet on Fat Mass Loss and Serum Insulin in Overweight and Obese Adults in a 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 11× |
| LCn-3PUFA (fish oil) supplementation combined with a reduced energy diet | No effect - no significant difference | fat mass reduction | Human | fish oil group compared to placebo group | 6 × 1 g capsules/day of fish oil (LCn-3PUFA). | Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and weight loss in obese adults.cited 38× |
| low-calorie lacto-ovo vegetarian diet | Decreases - similar results | fat mass | Human | overweight omnivores with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile | Not specified (low-calorie diets). | Low-Calorie Vegetarian Versus Mediterranean Diets for Reducing Body Weight and Improving Cardiovascular Risk Profile: CARDIVEG Study (Cardiovascular Prevention With Vegetarian Diet).cited 132× |
| low-calorie lacto-ovo vegetarian diet | Decreases - effective in reducing | fat mass | Human | overweight omnivores with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile | Not specified (low-calorie diets). | Low-Calorie Vegetarian Versus Mediterranean Diets for Reducing Body Weight and Improving Cardiovascular Risk Profile: CARDIVEG Study (Cardiovascular Prevention With Vegetarian Diet).cited 132× |
| two-week fish-based restrictive ketogenic diet enriched with fish and omega-3 fatty acids | Decreases - significant reductions | fat mass | Human | healthy adults | Calorie reduction of -500 kcal/day with a ketogenic diet enriched with fish and omega-3 fatty acids. | Impact of a Fish-Based Restrictive Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition and Strength Capacity: A Pre-Post Study. |
| 12-week proprietary very low calorie diet (VLCD) treatment (Optifast) | Decreases - exhibited a significant loss | fat mass (FM) | Human | morbidly obese patients | Not specified | Resistance training during a 12-week protein supplemented VLCD treatment enhances weight-loss outcomes in obese patients.cited 15× |
| 12-week proprietary very low calorie diet (VLCD) treatment (Optifast) with resistance training | Decreases - exhibited a significant loss | fat mass (FM) | Human | morbidly obese patients | Not specified | Resistance training during a 12-week protein supplemented VLCD treatment enhances weight-loss outcomes in obese patients.cited 15× |
| partial meal replacement diet containing a vegetable-oil emulsion (test) | Decreases - decreased significantly | Body fat mass (BFM) | Human | subjects with >5% body weight (BW) loss | Not specified | Effect of a vegetable-oil emulsion on body composition; a 12-week study in overweight women on a meal replacement therapy after an initial weight loss: a randomized controlled trial.cited 6× |
| partial meal replacement diet containing dairy fat (control) | Decreases - decreased | Body fat mass (BFM) | Human | subjects with >5% body weight (BW) loss | Not specified | Effect of a vegetable-oil emulsion on body composition; a 12-week study in overweight women on a meal replacement therapy after an initial weight loss: a randomized controlled trial.cited 6× |
| fructose diet | Increases - significantly higher | visceral fat mass | Animal | male Sprague Dawley rats | 1 g · kg(-1) · d(-1) | Citrulline and Nonessential Amino Acids Prevent Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats.cited 29× |
| high glycemic index (GI) diet | Increases - increases | fat mass | Animal | obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice | Not specified (isoenergetic and macronutrient-matched diets differing only in starch type) | Impairment of fat oxidation under high- vs. low-glycemic index diet occurs before the development of an obese phenotype.cited 73× |
| high GI diet | Increases - showed a rapid-onset (from week 5) marked increase | body fat mass | Animal | mice | Not specified (isoenergetic and macronutrient-matched diets differing only in starch type) | Impairment of fat oxidation under high- vs. low-glycemic index diet occurs before the development of an obese phenotype.cited 73× |
| 3-day low-carbohydrate (LC) diet | No effect - no differences | fat mass | Human | LC group | Less than 50 grams/day of carbohydrates for the low-carbohydrate group. | Reliability of BOD POD Measurements Remains High After a Short-Duration Low-Carbohydrate Diet. |
| control (CON) diet | No effect - no differences | fat mass | Human | CON group | Less than 50 grams/day of carbohydrates for the low-carbohydrate group. | Reliability of BOD POD Measurements Remains High After a Short-Duration Low-Carbohydrate Diet. |
| daily synbiotics capsule plus anti-inflammatory-antioxidant rich diet | Decreases - significantly reduced | fat mass | Human | patients with progressive forms of MS | Daily synbiotics capsule plus anti-inflammatory-antioxidant-rich diet (specific dosage not detailed). | Effects of anti-Inflammatory-antioxidant-rich diet and co-supplemented synbiotics intervention in patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis: a single-center, single-blind randomized clinical trial.cited 11× |
| sumac capsules (3 g/day) with a balanced diet | Decreases - significant decrease | body fat mass | Human | overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | 3 g/day (capsule form). | The efficacy of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) powder supplementation in biochemical and anthropometric measurements in overweight or obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. |
| auricular acupressure combined with low-calorie diet | Decreases - significant reductions | body fat mass | Human | Volunteers with body mass indices (BMI) between 25 and 45 kg/m² | Not specified | Effects of auricular acupressure combined with low-calorie diet on the leptin hormone in obese and overweight Iranian individuals.cited 15× |
| low-calorie diet | No effect - These changes were not observed | body fat mass | Human | control group | Not specified | Effects of auricular acupressure combined with low-calorie diet on the leptin hormone in obese and overweight Iranian individuals.cited 15× |
| diet rich in carbohydrates (CHOs) | Increases - redistributed toward the abdominal depot | fat mass | Human | offspring of obese type 2 diabetic patients with abdominal fat deposition | Not specified (diet composition described as "rich in monounsaturated fat"). | Monounsaturated fat-rich diet prevents central body fat distribution and decreases postprandial adiponectin expression induced by a carbohydrate-rich diet in insulin-resistant subjects.cited 174× |
| 12-week energy-restricted diet intervention | Decreases - decreased significantly | total fat mass | Human | MAO and MHO women | Not specified (intervention was an energy-restricted diet, not alanine supplementation). | A weight loss diet intervention has a similar beneficial effect on both metabolically abnormal obese and metabolically healthy but obese premenopausal women.cited 31× |
| Low-Glycemic-index diet | Decreases - improved | fat mass | Human | patients with high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine | Not specified | 2:1 ketogenic diet and low-glycemic-index diet for the treatment of chronic and episodic migraine: a single-center real-life retrospective study.cited 13× |
| 2:1 ketogenic diet | Decreases - improved | fat mass | Human | patients with high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine | Not specified | 2:1 ketogenic diet and low-glycemic-index diet for the treatment of chronic and episodic migraine: a single-center real-life retrospective study.cited 13× |
| Western diet (WD) | Increases - significantly increased | fat mass | Animal | mice | Not specified | Effects of early-life exposure to Western diet and voluntary exercise on adult activity levels, exercise physiology, and associated traits in selectively bred High Runner mice.cited 20× |
| diet combined with a long-supervised Nordic walking training | Decreases - reduced | fat mass | Human | overweight adults | Supervised training 3 times/week | The effects of exercise and diet program in overweight people - Nordic walking versus walking.cited 13× |
| moderate-protein diet with 25 g beef/d (B25) | No effect - no differences between groups | fat mass | Human | adults with BMI 28-40 kg/m2 who lost ≥8% body weight | 25 g beef/day (moderate-protein diet) vs. 150 g beef/day (high-protein diet). | Unprocessed red meat in the dietary treatment of obesity: a randomized controlled trial of beef supplementation during weight maintenance after successful weight loss.cited 5× |
| high-protein diet with 150 g beef/d (B150) | No effect - no differences between groups | fat mass | Human | adults with BMI 28-40 kg/m2 who lost ≥8% body weight | 25 g beef/day (moderate-protein diet) vs. 150 g beef/day (high-protein diet). | Unprocessed red meat in the dietary treatment of obesity: a randomized controlled trial of beef supplementation during weight maintenance after successful weight loss.cited 5× |
| high-protein diet | Decreases - significant difference in the reduction | body fat mass | Human | post-bariatric patients | ≥60 g/day (total protein intake, not casein-specific) | The effect of additional protein on lean body mass preservation in post-bariatric surgery patients: a systematic review.cited 18× |
| high protein diet | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass | Human | insulin treated type-2 diabetic patients | Not specified | Feasibility and efficacy of an isocaloric high-protein vs. standard diet on insulin requirement, body weight and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.cited 39× |
| High-protein diet | Decreases - lost 72% more | fat mass | Animal | WTD/HPD rats | 52% of calories from protein | High-protein diet selectively reduces fat mass and improves glucose tolerance in Western-type diet-induced obese rats.cited 22× |
| High-protein diet | Decreases - selective reduction | fat mass | Animal | WTD rats | 52% of calories from protein | High-protein diet selectively reduces fat mass and improves glucose tolerance in Western-type diet-induced obese rats.cited 22× |
| high-protein (HP) diet | Decreases - greater loss | fat mass | Human | overweight or obese volunteers with sedentary lifestyles | Not specified | High-Protein or Low Glycemic Index Diet-Which Energy-Restricted Diet Is Better to Start a Weight Loss Program?cited 8× |
| high-protein diet | Decreases - trivial reduction | fat mass | Human | middle-aged physically active persons | High-protein group (>2.3 g/kg fat-free mass/day) vs. control group (<2.3 g/kg fat-free mass/day). | Is there a beneficial effect of a high-protein diet on body composition and strength capacity in physical active middle-aged individuals?-An eight-week randomized controlled trial.cited 2× |
| high-protein diet | No effect - had no effect | fat mass | Human | exercise-trained women | Control: 1.5±0.3 g/kg/d; High-protein: 2.8±1.1 g/kg/d | High protein consumption in trained women: bad to the bone?cited 14× |
| high-protein diet (HPD) | Decreases - significantly lower | fat mass | Animal | Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10 wk | 50 kcal % protein (HPD) vs. 20 kcal % protein (NPD). | Habitual high-protein diet does not influence muscle protein synthesis in response to acute resistance exercise in rats.cited 7× |
| high-protein diet | Decreases - lost more | fat mass | Human | obese subjects with the metabolic syndrome | High-protein diet (1.34 g/kg body weight) vs. conventional protein diet (0.8 g/kg body weight). | Enhanced weight loss with protein-enriched meal replacements in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.cited 44× |
| high protein diet | No effect - did not significantly affect change | fat mass (FM) | Human | overweight and obese older adults | High-protein diet (1.3 g/kg body weight) vs. normal protein diet (0.8 g/kg body weight). | Effect of a high protein diet and/or resistance exercise on the preservation of fat free mass during weight loss in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial.cited 68× |
| high-protein (HP) diet | Decreases - had lower | fat mass (FM) | Human | NWO women | 25% of total energy intake from protein (high-protein group) vs. 15% (standard protein group). | The effect of 12 weeks of euenergetic high-protein diet in regulating appetite and body composition of women with normal-weight obesity: a randomised controlled trial.cited 17× |
| high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | white obese patients | Not specified | The effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the ADIPOQ gene locus rs1501299 on metabolic parameters after 9 mo of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet.cited 11× |
| standard severe hypocaloric diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | white obese patients | Not specified | The effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the ADIPOQ gene locus rs1501299 on metabolic parameters after 9 mo of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate versus a standard hypocaloric diet.cited 11× |
| ketogenic diet | Decreases - decrease was significantly greater | fat mass | Human | patients with MASLD | Not specified | Effect of a Ketogenic Diet on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Progression: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 2× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - increased | fat mass | Animal | ZSF1 rat model of HFpEF | Not specified for the ketogenic diet; ketone salts were added to drinking water (exact dosage not provided). | Ketogenic diet and ketone salts differentially improve cardiometabolic complications in an HFpEF rat model.cited 1× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Decreases - show reduction in | fat mass | Human | participants with obesity | Carbohydrate intake ranged from 7-27% of daily energy | Ketogenic Diet Intervention for Obesity Weight-Loss- A Narrative Review, Challenges, and Open Questions. |
| a LP diet supplemented with RML | Decreases - decreased expression | fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) | Molecular | lambs | Not specified (dietary CP levels: 14.5% for NP, 12.5% for LP, and LP + RML). | Lipid metabolism and m6A RNA methylation are altered in lambs supplemented rumen-protected methionine and lysine in a low-protein diet.cited 9× |
| Adapted Physical Activity and Diet (APAD) intervention | Decreases - Significant decreases | fat mass | Human | Women diagnosed with early breast cancer | 9 dietetic consultations (frequency not specified) combined with thrice-weekly moderate-intensity exercise sessions. | Short- and long-term impact of adapted physical activity and diet counseling during adjuvant breast cancer therapy: the "APAD1" randomized controlled trial.cited 86× |
| low-fat diet | Decreases - reduced significantly | body fat mass (kg) | Human | individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD | Not specified | Effects of low fat diet on inflammatory parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study.cited 2× |
| low-fat diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | wild-type group (G1359G) | Not specified | Role of G1359A polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor gene on weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two different hypocaloric diets.cited 5× |
| low-fat diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | mutant-type group (G1359A or A1359A) | Not specified | Role of G1359A polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor gene on weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two different hypocaloric diets.cited 5× |
| low-carbohydrate diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | wild-type group (G1359G) | Not specified | Role of G1359A polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor gene on weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two different hypocaloric diets.cited 5× |
| low-carbohydrate diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | mutant-type group (G1359A or A1359A) | Not specified | Role of G1359A polymorphism of the cannabinoid receptor gene on weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two different hypocaloric diets.cited 5× |
| low-fat diet (20% from energy) | Decreases - nonsignificant larger decreases | total fat mass | Human | rs12255372 TT (risk genotype) carriers | Low-fat diet (20% energy from fat), high-fat diet (40% energy from fat). | TCF7L2 genetic variants modulate the effect of dietary fat intake on changes in body composition during a weight-loss intervention.cited 65× |
| low-fat diet (20% from energy) | Decreases - nonsignificant larger decreases | trunk fat mass | Human | rs12255372 TT (risk genotype) carriers | Low-fat diet (20% energy from fat), high-fat diet (40% energy from fat). | TCF7L2 genetic variants modulate the effect of dietary fat intake on changes in body composition during a weight-loss intervention.cited 65× |
| Mediterranean Diet supplemented with NR and PTER | Decreases - decreased | fat mass percentage | Human | patients with ALS | Not specified | Effect of the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene and/or coconut oil on anthropometric variables in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A pilot study.cited 12× |
| Mediterranean Diet supplemented with coconut oil | Decreases - decreased | fat mass percentage | Human | patients with ALS | Not specified | Effect of the Mediterranean diet supplemented with nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene and/or coconut oil on anthropometric variables in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A pilot study.cited 12× |
| intentional weight loss using a high-protein diet | Decreases - effective in producing significant loss | total body mass and fat mass | Human | relatively high-functioning older adults with obesity | 1.2-1.5 g/kg/d | Effect of an Energy-Restricted, Nutritionally Complete, Higher Protein Meal Plan on Body Composition and Mobility in Older Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 29× |
| low-fat isoenergetic control diet | Decreases - significant reduction | fat mass | Human | females with lipedema | 1,200 kcal/day, with 75 g/day carbohydrates in the LCD group and 180 g/day in the control group. | The effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on subcutaneous adipose tissue in females with lipedema.cited 2× |
| low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) low-energy diet | Decreases - significant reduction | fat mass | Human | females with lipedema | 1,200 kcal/day, with 75 g/day carbohydrates in the LCD group and 180 g/day in the control group. | The effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on subcutaneous adipose tissue in females with lipedema.cited 2× |
| diet supplementation with Cetolán III, a combination of KA, inulin, and calcium citrate | Decreases - a decrease | fat mass | Human | 76 adult patients diagnosed with CKD stages 3 and 4 and not treated with renal replacement therapy | Not specified | Diet Supplementation with Ketoanalogues, Inulin, and Calcium Citrate in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort. |
| plant-based high-carbohydrate, low-fat (vegan) diet | Decreases - reduced | Fat mass | Human | Participants | Not specified | A Plant-Based High-Carbohydrate, Low-Fat Diet in Overweight Individuals in a 16-Week Randomized Clinical Trial: The Role of Carbohydrates.cited 47× |
| calorie-restricted diet alone | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients | — | Positive effects of football on fitness, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes.cited 58× |
| recreational football training combined with calorie-restricted diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients | — | Positive effects of football on fitness, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes.cited 58× |
| olive leaf extract (OLE) supplementation in adjunct with a weight loss diet | Decreases - significant decreases | fat mass | Human | obese women | Not specified | Olive Leaf Extract Supplementation Combined with Calorie-Restricted Diet on Reducing Body Weight and Fat Mass in Obese Women: Result of a Randomized Control Trial.cited 5× |
| combined high-protein diet and exercise intervention | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass | Human | middle-aged adults with obesity | Not specified | Effects of Combined High-Protein Diet and Exercise Intervention on Cardiometabolic Health in Middle-Aged Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 7× |
| exercise combined with high-protein diet | Decreases - decreased | abdominal fat mass | Human | middle-aged adults with obesity | Not specified | Effects of Combined High-Protein Diet and Exercise Intervention on Cardiometabolic Health in Middle-Aged Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 7× |
| exercise combined with high-protein diet | Decreases - decreased | total body fat mass | Human | middle-aged adults with obesity | Not specified | Effects of Combined High-Protein Diet and Exercise Intervention on Cardiometabolic Health in Middle-Aged Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 7× |
| vegan diet | Decreases - reduction | fat mass | Human | participants | Not specified (whole-food plant-based diet). | A plant-based diet in overweight adults in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: The role of dietary acid load.cited 30× |
| updated American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention and ad libitum diet | Increases - rose | body fat mass | Human | female BC survivors | Not specified | Serum antioxidant capacity, biochemical profile and body composition of breast cancer survivors in a randomized Mediterranean dietary intervention study.cited 42× |
| chronic low-glycemic index (LGI) diet | No effect - were comparable | total fat mass | Human | type 2 diabetic men | Not specified (dietary intervention). | Improved plasma glucose control, whole-body glucose utilization, and lipid profile on a low-glycemic index diet in type 2 diabetic men: a randomized controlled trial.cited 166× |
| cocoa butter (COB) diet | Decreases - decreased | body fat mass | Human | healthy participants | Test fats contributed 20% of total energy intake (33% total fat). | Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial.cited 13× |
| soybean oil (SBO) diet | Decreases - decreased | body fat mass | Human | healthy participants | Test fats contributed 20% of total energy intake (33% total fat). | Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial.cited 13× |
| low-fat vegan diet | Decreases - reduction | fat mass | Human | overweight men and women | Not specified | Effects of a Low-Fat Vegan Diet on Gut Microbiota in Overweight Individuals and Relationships with Body Weight, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity. A Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 70× |
| feeding mice in their early life a diet containing a lipid structure more similar to human milk (eIMF, Nuturis) | Decreases - results in lower | body weights and fat mass gain upon high fat feeding in later life | Animal | mice | — | Effects of an early life diet containing large phospholipid-coated lipid globules on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. |
| 10 g daily of 99 % cocoa chocolate in addition to their habitual diet | Decreases - showed a decrease | body fat mass | Human | postmenopausal women | 10 g daily of 99% cocoa chocolate. | Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial.cited 10× |
| 10 g daily of 99 % cocoa chocolate in addition to their habitual diet | Decreases - showed a favourable reduction | body fat mass | Human | postmenopausal women | 10 g daily of 99% cocoa chocolate. | Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial.cited 10× |
| Daily addition of 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet | Decreases - reduces | body fat mass | Human | postmenopausal women | 10 g daily of 99% cocoa chocolate. | Cocoa-rich chocolate and body composition in postmenopausal women: a randomised clinical trial.cited 10× |
| 8-week diet and exercise program | Decreases - significant decreases | fat mass | Human | overweight men and women | — | The Combined Effects of Exercise, Diet, and a Multi-Ingredient Dietary Supplement on Body Composition and Adipokine Changes in Overweight Adults.cited 21× |
| twelve weeks of online Pilates plus diet | Decreases - significantly lower | fat mass percentage | Human | individuals affected by obesity | Three times per week, 180 minutes per week (Pilates Matwork program). | The Effects of Online Home-Based Pilates Combined with Diet on Body Composition in Women Affected by Obesity: A Preliminary Study.cited 1× |
| anti-inflammatory Mediterranean-style diet | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass | Human | non-employed participants (n = 15) | Not specified | Improvements in Body Composition after a Proposed Anti-Inflammatory Diet Are Modified by Employment Status in Weight-Stable Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.cited 6× |
| anti-inflammatory Mediterranean-style diet | Decreases - significantly decreased | fat mass percentage | Human | non-employed participants (n = 15) | Not specified | Improvements in Body Composition after a Proposed Anti-Inflammatory Diet Are Modified by Employment Status in Weight-Stable Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.cited 6× |
| Paleolithic diet with supervised exercise sessions | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | patients with type 2 diabetes | Not specified (dietary intervention only). | Benefits of a Paleolithic diet with and without supervised exercise on fat mass, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes.cited 51× |
| Paleolithic diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | patients with type 2 diabetes | Not specified (dietary intervention only). | Benefits of a Paleolithic diet with and without supervised exercise on fat mass, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes.cited 51× |
| hypocaloric diet and resistance training program | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | intervention group | 150 kcal supplement (21 g protein, enriched with leucine and vitamin D) 10 times per week. | A high whey protein-, leucine-, and vitamin D-enriched supplement preserves muscle mass during intentional weight loss in obese older adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.cited 160× |
| hypocaloric diet and resistance training program | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | control group | 150 kcal supplement (21 g protein, enriched with leucine and vitamin D) 10 times per week. | A high whey protein-, leucine-, and vitamin D-enriched supplement preserves muscle mass during intentional weight loss in obese older adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.cited 160× |
| Diet I - high-fat hypocaloric diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | obese subjects | Not specified | Impact of 2 Different Hypocaloric Diets on Serum Omentin Levels in Obese Subjects.cited 6× |
| Diet II - low fat hypocaloric diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | obese subjects | Not specified | Impact of 2 Different Hypocaloric Diets on Serum Omentin Levels in Obese Subjects.cited 6× |
| green coffee bean extract combined with an energy-restricted diet | Decreases - significant reductions | fat mass index | Human | obese women | 400 mg green coffee bean extract daily. | Energy restriction combined with green coffee bean extract affects serum adipocytokines and the body composition in obese women.cited 38× |
| atherogenic diet (AD; 40% lipid, 1.25% cholesterol, kcal) | No effect - without any gain | peripheral fat mass | Animal | Sprague-Dawley rats | — | An atherogenic diet decreases liver FXR gene expression and causes severe hepatic steatosis and hepatic cholesterol accumulation: effect of endurance training. |
| RESMENA diet | Decreases - exhibited a significant decrease | android fat mass | Human | Subjects with the metabolic syndrome | Not specified | A new dietary strategy for long-term treatment of the metabolic syndrome is compared with the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines: the MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) project.cited 65× |
| palaeolithic diet (PD-G) | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | 14 male endurance athletes | Not specified | Effect of a Modern Palaeolithic Diet in Combination with a Sprint Interval Training on Metabolic and Performance-Related Parameters in Male Athletes: A Pilot Trial. |
| 5:2 diet | Decreases - significantly reduces | fat mass | Human | overweight and obese individuals | Not specified (5:2 diet protocol—2 fasting days per week). | Effect of the 5:2 Diet on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and/or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| Mediterranean style diet (MSD) | Decreases - significantly decrease | fat mass | Human | children and adolescents with obesity | Not specified (diet composition: 60% carbohydrate, 25% fat, 15% protein, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, flavonoids, and antioxidants). | Mediterranean-style diet reduces metabolic syndrome components in obese children and adolescents with obesity.cited 120× |
| plant-based, high-protein diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy | Not specified | Effects of a Plant-Based High-Protein Diet on Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy - a Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 7× |
| Mediterranean diet | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | patients with colorectal cancer-induced cachexia | Not specified | The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Body Composition, Inflammatory Factors, and Nutritional Status in Patients with Cachexia Induced by Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 10× |
| Mediterranean diet | Decreases - effectively reduces | fat mass | Human | — | Not specified | Does the Mediterranean Diet Play a Beneficial Role in Managing the Health of Overweight/Obese Breast Cancer Survivors? |
| low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with low glycemic index (LGI) | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | overweight healthy women aged 20-40 y | Not specified (test foods replaced usual carbohydrate-rich foods, matched for energy, density, fiber, and macronutrients). | No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet.cited 174× |
| low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with high glycemic index (HGI) | Decreases - decreased | fat mass | Human | overweight healthy women aged 20-40 y | Not specified (test foods replaced usual carbohydrate-rich foods, matched for energy, density, fiber, and macronutrients). | No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet.cited 174× |
| low-energy, high-protein diet | Decreases - observed in | fat mass in kg | Human | obese men with obstructive sleep apnea | Not specified | One-month of a low-energy diet, with no additional effect of high-protein, reduces Obstructive Sleep Apnea severity and improve metabolic parameters in obese males.cited 10× |
| beef protein diet + AHE | Decreases - demonstrated reduced fat mass and increased lean mass with aging | fat mass | Animal | females | Not specified | The Modification of Dietary Protein with Ammonium Hydroxide Enhancement Improves Longevity and Metabolic Outcomes in a Sex-Dependent Manner.cited 1× |
| diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg | Decreases - significant decrease | epidydimal fat mass at the end of the treatment | Animal | male Wistar rats | 100 g fructans (oligofructose, Synergy 1, or long-chain inulin) per kg diet | Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats.cited 292× |
| overfeeding with a high-fat diet (3180 kJ/d) | Increases - increased | fat mass | Human | healthy men | 3180 kJ/day (high-fat diet) | Regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle during lipid overfeeding in healthy men.cited 28× |
| reduced-calorie diet (RCD) and 100% orange juice (OJ) | Decreases - had similar outcomes regarding | fat mass | Human | obese individuals | 500 mL/day of 100% orange juice. | Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and ameliorates obesity-related biomarkers: A randomized controlled trial.cited 43× |
| a modified diet with an oral nutritional supplement that is hyperproteic and normocaloric | Increases - increase the loss | fat mass | Human | patients undergoing gastric sleeve surgery | 820 kcal, 65.5 g protein daily for the intervention group; 220 kcal, 11.5 g protein daily for the control group. | Effect on Body Composition of a Meal-Replacement Progression Diet in Patients 1 Month after Bariatric Surgery.cited 2× |
| conjugated linoleic acid supplementation (CLA) with a weight loss diet and 400 IU vitamin E | Decreases - were significantly better | fat mass | Human | obese NAFLD patients | Three 1000 mg softgels of CLA daily, alongside a weight loss diet and 400 IU vitamin E. | Conjugated linoleic acid improves glycemic response, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial.cited 25× |
| Hipcref diet | Decreases - significant reduction | fat mass | Human | Overweight/obese Malaysian adults | Not specified (diet charts based on personal preferences). | Effect of an individualised high-protein, energy-restricted diet on anthropometric and cardio-metabolic parameters in overweight and obese Malaysian adults: a 6-month randomised controlled study.cited 8× |
| Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet | Decreases - improve | fat mass | Human | overweight and obese PCOS women | Not specified (dietary inclusion of low-fat dairy as part of the DASH diet). | Effects of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet on androgens, antioxidant status and body composition in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised controlled trial.cited 51× |
| healthy low-carbohydrate diet (HLCD) | Decreases - results in additional loss | fat mass | Human | 96 participants with overweight or obesity | Not specified (isocaloric-restricted feeding). | Effects of healthy low-carbohydrate diet and time-restricted eating on weight and gut microbiome in adults with overweight or obesity: Feeding RCT.cited 4× |
| healthy low-carbohydrate diet (HLCD) | Decreases - effect on reducing fat mass is sustained | fat mass | Human | 96 participants with overweight or obesity | Not specified (isocaloric-restricted feeding). | Effects of healthy low-carbohydrate diet and time-restricted eating on weight and gut microbiome in adults with overweight or obesity: Feeding RCT.cited 4× |
| low-carbohydrate diet | Decreases - greater decreases in fat mass | fat mass | Human | 148 men and women without clinical cardiovascular disease and diabetes | Low-carbohydrate (<40 g/d) or low-fat (<30% of daily energy intake from total fat, <7% saturated fat). | Effects of low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets: a randomized trial.cited 208× |
| low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) | Decreases - larger reduction | fat mass | Human | adults with overweight or obesity | Carbohydrate intake < 50 g/day | Low-carbohydrate diets lead to greater weight loss and better glucose homeostasis than exercise: a randomized clinical trial.cited 14× |
| Low-Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) | Decreases - supports the efficacy | reduction in fat mass | Human | — | Not specified. | The Low-Carbohydrate Diet: Short-Term Metabolic Efficacy Versus Longer-Term Limitations.cited 41× |
| mild weight loss induced by a Mediterranean-like diet adapted for Asians | Decreases - decreased significantly | fat mass | Human | Chinese females with NAFLD | Not specified for fiber alone. | Effect of an Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet and pentadecanoic acid on fatty liver disease: the TANGO randomized controlled trial.cited 20× |
| low-calorie (33% reduced) low-fat high-carbohydrate diet | Decreases - significantly greater reductions | body weight and fat mass | Human | participants consuming the low-calorie low-fat diet | Not specified (eucaloric low-fat high-carbohydrate diet: 18% protein, 18% fat, 64% carbohydrate). | A low-fat high-carbohydrate diet reduces plasma total adiponectin concentrations compared to a moderate-fat diet with no impact on biomarkers of systemic inflammation in a randomized controlled feeding study.cited 14× |
| auricular acupressure alone, or with diet and/or exercise | Decreases - decreasing | body fat mass (BFM) | Human | overweight and/or obese individuals | Not specified | Auricular acupressure for overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 11× |