The Combined Effects of Exercise, Diet, and a Multi-Ingredient Dietary Supplement on Body Composition and Adipokine Changes in Overweight Adults.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8-week diet and exercise program | decrease | weight | overweight men and women | -2.6 ± 0.57 kg | significant decreases | #1 |
8-week diet and exercise program | decrease | fat mass | overweight men and women | -1.8 ± 0.20 kg | significant decreases | #2 |
8-week diet and exercise program | decrease | percentage body fat | overweight men and women | -3.7% ± 0.29% | significant decreases | #3 |
8-week diet and exercise program | increase | lean body mass (LBM) | overweight men and women | 1.5 ± 0.26 kg | significant increase | #4 |
dietary supplement containing raspberry ketone, capsaicin, caffeine, garlic, and Citrus aurantium | increase | lean body mass (LBM) | men in the EXP group | 1.3 ± 0.38 kg | increased | #5 |
dietary supplement containing raspberry ketone, capsaicin, caffeine, garlic, and Citrus aurantium | decrease | hip girth | women in the EXP group | -10.7 ± 2.15 cm | greater reduction | #6 |
dietary supplement containing raspberry ketone, capsaicin, caffeine, garlic, and Citrus aurantium | decrease | leptin | EXP group | - | significant decreases | #7 |
dietary supplement containing raspberry ketone, capsaicin, caffeine, garlic, and Citrus aurantium | increase | adiponectin | EXP group | - | significant increases | #8 |
BACKGROUND: Very few weight and fat loss supplements undergo finished-product research to examine efficacy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an 8-week diet and exercise program on body composition, hip and waist girth, and adipokines and evaluate whether a dietary supplement containing raspberry ketone, capsaicin, caffeine, garlic, and Citrus aurantium enhanced outcomes. METHODS: Overweight men and women completed this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Participants consumed 4 capsules/d of supplement (EXP; n = 18) or placebo (PLA; n = 18). Participants underwent 8 weeks of daily supplementation, calorie restriction (500 kcal < RMR [resting metabolic rate] × 1.2), and supervised progressive exercise training 3 times a week. Body composition, girth, and adipokines were assessed at baseline and postintervention (T1 and T2). RESULTS: Significant decreases in weight (-2.6 ± 0.57 kg, p < 0.001), fat mass (-1.8 ± 0.20 kg; p < 0.001), and percentage body fat (-3.7% ± 0.29%, p < 0.001) and a significant increase in lean body mass (LBM; 1.5 ± 0.26 kg; p < 0.001) were seen from T1 to T2 in both groups. For men, only those in the EXP group increased LBM from T1 to T2 (1.3 ± 0.38 kg; p < 0.05). Hip girth was also reduced, with the women in the EXP group (-10.7 ± 2.15 cm, p < 0.001) having a greater reduction. There was a time by group interaction, with significant decreases in leptin (p < 0.001) and significant increases in adiponectin (p < 0.05) in the EXP group. CONCLUSIONS: Significant improvements in adipokines and leptin support the utility of exercise, diet, and fat loss for impacting inflammatory biomarkers. The improvement in adiponectin with EXP may suggest a unique health mechanism.