Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether dietary fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides (GLP-1 and ghrelin) involved in food intake control.
Results Summary
Fructans reduced dietary energy intake and epididymal fat mass, increased GLP-1 concentration in portal serum and colonic mucosa, and lowered active ghrelin levels compared to controls.
Population
Male Wistar rats
Effective Dosage
100 g fructans (oligofructose, Synergy 1, or long-chain inulin) per kg diet
Duration
3 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg | decrease | Dietary energy intake throughout the experiment | male Wistar rats | P<0.05 | significantly lower | #1 |
diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg | decrease | epidydimal fat mass at the end of the treatment | male Wistar rats | P<0.01 | significant decrease | #2 |
diet enriched with 100 g oligofructose (OFS)/kg | increase | GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration in portal vein serum | male Wistar rats | - | higher | #3 |
diet enriched with 100 g Synergy 1 (Syn)/kg | increase | GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration in portal vein serum | male Wistar rats | - | higher | #4 |
diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg | increase | GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration in the proximal colonic mucosa | male Wistar rats | P<0.05 | significantly greater | #5 |
diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg | increase | proglucagon mRNA concentrations in the proximal colonic mucosa | male Wistar rats | P<0.05 | significantly greater | #6 |
diet enriched with 100 g oligofructose (OFS)/kg | decrease | active ghrelin in the plasma after 8 h of food deprivation | male Wistar rats | P<0.05 | remained significantly lower | #7 |
diet enriched with 100 g Synergy 1 (Syn)/kg | decrease | active ghrelin in the plasma after 8 h of food deprivation | male Wistar rats | P<0.05 | remained significantly lower | #8 |
The hypothesis tested in the present study is that dietary fructans are able to modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in the control of food intake, namely glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 (7-36) amide and ghrelin. After 3 weeks of treatment with a standard diet (control) or the same diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg, male Wistar rats were deprived of food for 8 h before sample collection. Dietary energy intake throughout the experiment was significantly lower (P<0.05) in fructans-fed rats than in control rats, leading to a significant decrease (P<0.01) in epidydimal fat mass at the end of the treatment in OFS- and Syn-treated rats. GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration in portal vein serum was higher in OFS- and Syn-fed than in control rats. Both GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration and proglucagon mRNA concentrations were significantly greater (P<0.05) in the proximal colonic mucosa of fructans-fed rats v. controls. Normally active ghrelin concentration in plasma increases during food deprivation and rapidly falls during a meal. In the present study, after 8 h of food deprivation, active ghrelin in the plasma remained significantly lower (P<0.05) in OFS and Syn-fed than in control rats. These results are in accordance with the modifications of dietary intake and fat-mass development in short-chain fructans-treated rats and demonstrate the potential modulation of GLP-1 (7-36) amide and ghrelin by fermentable fibres such as fructans, which are rapidly and extensively fermented in the proximal part of the colon.