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Evidence suggests Ketogenic Diet mayincreasePerformance.
106 studies (128 claims)
Emerging evidence
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRO diet (LPRO diet with added protease) | Increases - resulted in a significant increase | growth performance | Animal | broiler chickens | Not specified | Protease and Bacillus coagulans Supplementation in a Low-Protein Diet Improves Broiler Growth, Promotes Amino Acid Transport Gene Activity, Strengthens Intestinal Barriers, and Alters the Cecal Microbial Composition. |
| PAB diet (PRO diet with added Bacillus coagulans) | Increases - resulted in a significant increase | growth performance | Animal | broiler chickens | Not specified | Protease and Bacillus coagulans Supplementation in a Low-Protein Diet Improves Broiler Growth, Promotes Amino Acid Transport Gene Activity, Strengthens Intestinal Barriers, and Alters the Cecal Microbial Composition. |
| LPRO diet | Decreases - demonstrated decreased | growth performance | Animal | broiler chickens | Not specified | Protease and Bacillus coagulans Supplementation in a Low-Protein Diet Improves Broiler Growth, Promotes Amino Acid Transport Gene Activity, Strengthens Intestinal Barriers, and Alters the Cecal Microbial Composition. |
| adding a daily amount of chocolate high in cocoa content and polyphenols to the normal diet | No effect - assess the effect | cognitive performance | Human | postmenopausal women | 10 g daily of 99% cocoa chocolate (59 kcal, 65.4 mg polyphenols). | Vascular and cognitive effects of cocoa-rich chocolate in postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.cited 8× |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training | Decreases - improved | functional performance (chair stand) | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| hypocaloric diet plus resistance training with essential amino acids | Decreases - improved | functional performance (chair stand) | Human | older adults with dynapenic obesity | Not specified in the abstract. | Effects of a Hypocaloric Diet Plus Resistance Training with and Without Amino Acids in Older Participants with Dynapenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. |
| OTA-contaminated diet without additives | No effect - no significant differences | growth performance | Animal | female BIG 6 turkeys | 0.5 g/kg of synbiotics S1, S2, or S3. | The Effect of Synbiotics and Probiotics on Ochratoxin Concentrations in Blood and Tissues, Health Status, and Gastrointestinal Function in Turkeys Fed Diets Contaminated with Ochratoxin A. |
| Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (MedDiet+EVOO) | Increases - Better post-trial cognitive performance versus control | cognitive performance | Human | participants at high vascular risk | 30 g/day of mixed nuts. | Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial.cited 183× |
| Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts (MedDiet+Nuts) | No effect - did not differ from controls | cognitive performance | Human | participants at high vascular risk | 30 g/day of mixed nuts. | Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial.cited 183× |
| Supplementation of emulsifier and multi-enzyme in the NC diet | Increases - would support improving | growth performance | Animal | young broiler chickens | 0.05% calcium stearoyl-2 lactylate (emulsifier) and 0.05% multi-enzyme. | Exogenous emulsifiers and multi-enzyme combination improves growth performance of the young broiler chickens fed low energy diets containing vegetable oil.cited 1× |
| including yerba mate in the diet | No effect - without altering | performance of the animals | Animal | lambs kept on Brachiaria pastures | 110 g/kg DM of Yerba Mate in the protein-energy supplement. | Antioxidant action of yerba mate on carcass and meat characteristics and fatty acid profile in meat and fat of lambs finished in tropical pastures.cited 2× |
| oat supplementation of the ruminant diet | Increases - can improve | growth performance and meat quality traits | Animal | ruminant | — | Effects of dietary oat supplementation on carcass traits, muscle metabolites, amino acid profiles, and its association with meat quality of Small-tail Han sheep. |
| ketogenic low-carbohydrate (CHO), high-fat diet (LCHF) | Decreases - were slower | 10,000 m performance | Human | elite male and female race walkers | LCHF: <50 g∙d⁻¹ CHO, 78% energy as fat, 2.1 g∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹ protein. | Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible.cited 68× |
| High CHO availability (HCHO) diet | Increases - improved | 10,000 m performance | Human | elite male and female race walkers | LCHF: <50 g∙d⁻¹ CHO, 78% energy as fat, 2.1 g∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹ protein. | Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible.cited 68× |
| periodised CHO (PCHO) diet | Increases - trend for a faster time | 10,000 m performance | Human | elite male and female race walkers | LCHF: <50 g∙d⁻¹ CHO, 78% energy as fat, 2.1 g∙kg⁻¹∙d⁻¹ protein. | Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible.cited 68× |
| ketogenic low-carbohydrate, high-fat (K-LCHF) diet | No effect - to explore the effects | exercise performance | Human | endurance athletes | Not specified | The Effect of a Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet on Aerobic Capacity and Exercise Performance in Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.cited 25× |
| low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet | Increases - thereby improving | exercise performance | Human | endurance athletes | Not specified | The Effect of a Ketogenic Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet on Aerobic Capacity and Exercise Performance in Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.cited 25× |
| standard diet with eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched supplementation for 7 days before surgery and for 21 days after surgery | No effect | relative performance of the supplement | Human | patients undergoing total gastrectomy for gastric cancer | Not specified (standard diet with eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched supplementation for 7 days before and 21 days after surgery). | A Phase III trial to evaluate the effect of perioperative nutrition enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid on body weight loss after total gastrectomy for T2-T4a gastric cancer.cited 10× |
| traditional mixed diet (MixD) | Increases - significant improvement | results of the FGBMod performance test | Human | female and male moderate-trained CrossFit participants | Not specified | Effect of a Four-Week Vegan Diet on Performance, Training Efficiency and Blood Biochemical Indices in CrossFit-Trained Participants.cited 14× |
| vegan diet (VegD) | No effect - unlikely to be more beneficial in improving performance than a MixD | performance | Human | female and male moderate-trained CrossFit participants | Not specified | Effect of a Four-Week Vegan Diet on Performance, Training Efficiency and Blood Biochemical Indices in CrossFit-Trained Participants.cited 14× |
| exercise plus high-protein diet | Increases - enhanced | functional physical performance | Human | middle-aged obese adults | 1.6g/kg/day of protein. | Effects of Exercise Alone or in Combination with High-Protein Diet on Muscle Function, Aerobic Capacity, and Physical Function in Middle-Aged Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 15× |
| Fish meal (FM)-based diet | Increases - had overall better | growth performance | Animal | zebrafish | 1%, 2%, and 3% OEO supplementation in diet | Effects of Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Essential Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Fed a High-Inclusion Soybean Meal Diet.cited 1× |
| low protein (LP) diet | Decreases - impaired | growth performance | Animal | broilers (Ross 308) | Not specified (LP diet supplemented with synthetic AA up to required levels). | Broilers fed a low protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids maintained growth performance and retained intestinal integrity while reducing nitrogen excretion when raised under poor sanitary conditions.cited 18× |
| LP diet with synthetic key essential AA (LPA) | No effect - did not impair | growth performance | Animal | broilers under poor sanitary conditions for 14 D after hatch | Not specified (LP diet supplemented with synthetic AA up to required levels). | Broilers fed a low protein diet supplemented with synthetic amino acids maintained growth performance and retained intestinal integrity while reducing nitrogen excretion when raised under poor sanitary conditions.cited 18× |
| diet containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NSMJ15 | No effect - did not affect | growth performance | Animal | broiler chickens | 1 g/kg of diet | Inclusion of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NSMJ15 in broiler diets induces changes in jejunal immune cell population and cecal microbiota. |
| HO peanut + corn diet | No effect - no significant differences | hen performance | Animal | layer hens | Not specified (HO peanut + corn diet vs. soybean meal + corn control diet). | Feeding high-oleic peanuts to layer hens enhances egg yolk color and oleic fatty acid content in shell eggs.cited 15× |
| including 50 g of raisins in the diet daily for 6 months | Increases - evaluate the effect on the improvement | cognitive performance | Human | older adults without cognitive impairment | 50 g of raisins daily | Effect of including a dietary supplement of raisins, a food rich in polyphenols, on cognitive function in healthy older adults; a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.cited 3× |
| vitamin A-deficient (VAD) diet | Decreases - exhibited impaired | performance in the Morris Water Maze Test | Animal | APP/PS1-AD mouse model | Not specified (VAD, VAN, VAS groups) | Dietary vitamin A modifies the gut microbiota and intestinal tissue transcriptome, impacting intestinal permeability and the release of inflammatory factors, thereby influencing Aβ pathology.cited 5× |
| vitamin A-supplemented (VAS) diet | Decreases - exhibited impaired | performance in the Morris Water Maze Test | Animal | APP/PS1-AD mouse model | Not specified (VAD, VAN, VAS groups) | Dietary vitamin A modifies the gut microbiota and intestinal tissue transcriptome, impacting intestinal permeability and the release of inflammatory factors, thereby influencing Aβ pathology.cited 5× |
| vitamin A-supplemented (VAS) diet | Increases - performing relatively better than | performance in the Morris Water Maze Test | Animal | APP/PS1-AD mouse model | Not specified (VAD, VAN, VAS groups) | Dietary vitamin A modifies the gut microbiota and intestinal tissue transcriptome, impacting intestinal permeability and the release of inflammatory factors, thereby influencing Aβ pathology.cited 5× |
| low-protein diet supplemented with 4% BSFL | No effect - no differences | performance parameters (ADG, ADFI, live weight, carcass weight, muscle pH) | Animal | Arbor Acres broilers | 4% BSFL, 4% or 8% Drosophila larvae (DL) supplemented in a low-protein diet (~20% CP). | Potential of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) as a dietary protein source for broilers.cited 1× |
| high content of C16:0 and C18:0 in the SFA diet | Increases - resulting in better | growth performance | Animal | beef cattle | Not specified | Altering the ratio of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids in dietary fat affects nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, growth performance, carcass, meat quality, and lipid metabolism gene expression of Angus bulls.cited 15× |
| high fat diet (20% crude fat) | Increases - resulted in heavier fish | growth performance | Animal | juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) | 20% versus 10% crude fat diets | Coping with climatic extremes: Dietary fat content decreased the thermal resilience of barramundi (Lates calcarifer).cited 16× |
| high fat diet (20% crude fat) | No effect - did not affect | thermal sensitivity of swimming performance | Animal | juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer) | 20% versus 10% crude fat diets | Coping with climatic extremes: Dietary fat content decreased the thermal resilience of barramundi (Lates calcarifer).cited 16× |
| high fat diet (HFD) | No effect - induces a genetically determined and correlated decrease of GLUT1 and increase of VEGF which may affect | memory performance | Human | — | HFD containing 45% fat | VEGF and GLUT1 are highly heritable, inversely correlated and affected by dietary fat intake: Consequences for cognitive function in humans.cited 43× |
| high-fat/CLA diet | No effect - only moderate differences | exercise performance | Animal | Snord116m+/p- mice and mice with a deletion of both Snord116 alleles | — | Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Body Weight and Fat in Snord116m+/p- and Snord116m-/p- Mouse Models of Prader-Willi Syndrome.cited 2× |
| Val supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet | No effect - influenced | growth performance | Animal | piglets | Standardized ileal digestible Val:Lys ratios of 0.45 and 0.65 | Valine Supplementation in a Reduced Protein Diet Regulates Growth Performance Partially through Modulation of Plasma Amino Acids Profile, Metabolic Responses, Endocrine, and Neural Factors in Piglets.cited 19× |
| carbohydrate-rich diet | Increases - resulted in better exercise performance | exercise performance | Human | participants with McArdle disease | Not specified | Pharmacological and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V).cited 42× |
| carbohydrate-rich diet | Increases - resulted in better exercise performance | exercise performance | Human | McArdle disease patients | Not specified | Pharmacological and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V).cited 9× |
| 30%P/43%C diet | Increases - increased | growth performance | Animal | juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 0.16% MCS supplementation in the 28%P/46%C diet. | Momordica charantia saponins administration in low-protein-high-carbohydrate diet improves growth, blood biochemical, intestinal health and microflora composition of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio).cited 4× |
| 28%P/46%C diet supplemented with 0.16% MCS | Increases - significantly elevated | growth performance | Animal | juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | 0.16% MCS supplementation in the 28%P/46%C diet. | Momordica charantia saponins administration in low-protein-high-carbohydrate diet improves growth, blood biochemical, intestinal health and microflora composition of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio).cited 4× |
| low-carbohydrate and high-protein (LC-HP) diet | Increases - improved | spatial memory performance | Animal | ob/ob mice | LC-HP diet (25.1% carbohydrate, 57.2% protein, 17.7% fat as percentages of calories). | Improvement of spatial memory dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice through a low-carbohydrate and high-protein diet: potential role of LRP6/Wnt3a signaling in the hippocampus. |
| 2% ACV® diet | Increases - showed no significant difference | growth performance | Animal | white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | 1%, 2%, and 4% ACV® diets, fed 4 times daily at 2.5% of body weight. | Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.cited 21× |
| 0.5% PA diet | Increases - showed no significant difference | growth performance | Animal | white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | 1%, 2%, and 4% ACV® diets, fed 4 times daily at 2.5% of body weight. | Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.cited 21× |
| 4% ACV® diet | Increases - showed no significant difference | growth performance | Animal | white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | 1%, 2%, and 4% ACV® diets, fed 4 times daily at 2.5% of body weight. | Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.cited 21× |
| 1% ACV® diet | Increases - showed no significant difference | growth performance | Animal | white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | 1%, 2%, and 4% ACV® diets, fed 4 times daily at 2.5% of body weight. | Dietary effect of apple cider vinegar and propionic acid on immune related transcriptional responses and growth performance in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.cited 21× |
| whole food diet rich in antioxidants, phytonutrients, omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients, probiotics, and fiber | Increases - recommends | long-term health and performance | Human | Warfighters | Not specified | The role of nutrition in mild traumatic brain injury rehabilitation for service members and veterans.cited 2× |
| Spirulina platensis supplementation in broiler chickens fed on OTA contaminated diet | Increases - improved | growth performance | Animal | broiler chickens | 1 g/kg of diet. | Impact of dietary Spirulina on performance, antioxidant status, carcass traits and pathological alteration in broilers exposed to ochratoxin A stress. |
| diet of mothers, infants, and children | No effect - could affect | later mental performance | Human | — | Not available | Nutrition and neurodevelopment in children: focus on NUTRIMENTHE project.cited 89× |
| aerobic exercise with electromyostimulation and diet group | Increases - significantly increased | Short physical performance battery | Human | pre-frail older women | 45 minutes of stepping exercise at 50-70% of maximal heart rate, 3 days/week. | Protein-Added Healthy Lunch-Boxes Combined with Exercise for Improving Physical Fitness and Vascular Function in Pre-Frail Older Women: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 9× |
| aerobic exercise and diet group | Increases - significantly increased | Short physical performance battery | Human | pre-frail older women | 45 minutes of stepping exercise at 50-70% of maximal heart rate, 3 days/week. | Protein-Added Healthy Lunch-Boxes Combined with Exercise for Improving Physical Fitness and Vascular Function in Pre-Frail Older Women: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 9× |
| consuming a high protein diet (2.6 to 3.3 g/kg/day) over a 4-month period | No effect - no changes | performance | Human | resistance-trained young men who do not significantly alter their training regimen | 2.6 ± 0.8 g/kg/day (normal diet) and 3.3 ± 0.8 g/kg/day (high-protein diet). | The effects of a high protein diet on indices of health and body composition--a crossover trial in resistance-trained men.cited 41× |
| very low crude protein diet | Decreases - reduces | growth performance | Animal | pigs | 17.6% and 15.5% crude protein diets. | Reduction in Diarrhoea and Modulation of Intestinal Gene Expression in Pigs Allocated a Low Protein Diet without Medicinal Zinc Oxide Post-Weaning.cited 5× |
| 17.6% crude protein diet based on soybean meal | No effect - similar | growth performance | Animal | pigs | 17.6% and 15.5% crude protein diets. | Reduction in Diarrhoea and Modulation of Intestinal Gene Expression in Pigs Allocated a Low Protein Diet without Medicinal Zinc Oxide Post-Weaning.cited 5× |
| 17.6% crude protein diet based on soy protein concentrate | No effect - similar | growth performance | Animal | pigs | 17.6% and 15.5% crude protein diets. | Reduction in Diarrhoea and Modulation of Intestinal Gene Expression in Pigs Allocated a Low Protein Diet without Medicinal Zinc Oxide Post-Weaning.cited 5× |
| high-carbohydrate (CHO) diet | Increases - significant increase | time to exhaustion (TTE) performance | Human | 16 trained endurance runners | Not specified (isocaloric-matched diets with macronutrient manipulation). | Comparing Acute, High Dietary Protein and Carbohydrate Intake on Transcriptional Biomarkers, Fuel Utilisation and Exercise Performance in Trained Male Runners.cited 6× |
| supplementation of an athlete's basic diet with mixed FV concentrates | No effect - can provide | a basis for optimal adaptation and performance | Human | athletes | Not specified | Supplementation with mixed fruit and vegetable concentrates in relation to athlete's health and performance: scientific insight and practical relevance.cited 2× |
| the addition of VC and/or Bet to the diet | Increases - proves effective in enhancing | growth performance | Animal | HS-exposed broilers | 1000 mg/kg Betaine in feed. | Optimizing growth and antioxidant function in heat-stressed broilers with vitamin C and betaine supplementation.cited 2× |
| disruption in their gluten-free diet | Decreases - can lead to | a decrease in performance | Human | athletes with known and long-standing celiac disease | Not specified | Celiac disease and the athlete.cited 13× |
| feeding Ala-Gln diet | Increases - has beneficial effects | growth performance | Animal | weaned piglets | 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45% Ala-Gln in the basal diet. | Dietary alanyl-glutamine improves growth performance of weaned piglets through maintaining intestinal morphology and digestion-absorption function.cited 24× |
| 1800 mg/kg MCT substituting soybean oil in the diet | Increases - can improve | growth performance | Animal | weaned rabbits | 600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg MCT substituted for soybean oil in the diet | Medium chain triglycerides improve the growth performance, immune and antioxidant functions, and intestinal health of weaned rabbits.cited 2× |
| 2400 mg/kg MCT substituting soybean oil in the diet | Increases - can improve | growth performance | Animal | weaned rabbits | 600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 mg/kg MCT substituted for soybean oil in the diet | Medium chain triglycerides improve the growth performance, immune and antioxidant functions, and intestinal health of weaned rabbits.cited 2× |
| high-nitrate diet | Increases - could be a feasible and effective strategy to improve | exercise performance | Human | — | ~8.2 mmol∙day(-1) (high-nitrate diet) vs. ~2.9 mmol∙day(-1) (control diet) | Effects of a Short-Term High-Nitrate Diet on Exercise Performance.cited 48× |
| high-nitrate diet | Increases - improved | performance in Repeated Sprint Ability test | Human | Seven healthy male subjects | ~8.2 mmol∙day(-1) (high-nitrate diet) vs. ~2.9 mmol∙day(-1) (control diet) | Effects of a Short-Term High-Nitrate Diet on Exercise Performance.cited 48× |
| high protein diet | No effect - no significant time by group effects | all exercise performance measures | Human | healthy resistance-trained men and women | High-protein group: 3.4 g/kg/d; normal-protein group: 2.3 g/kg/d. | A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program improves body composition in healthy trained men and women--a follow-up investigation.cited 83× |
| high protein diet in conjunction with a periodized heavy resistance training program | No effect - would affect | indices of body composition, performance and health | Human | healthy resistance-trained men and women | High-protein group: 3.4 g/kg/d; normal-protein group: 2.3 g/kg/d. | A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program improves body composition in healthy trained men and women--a follow-up investigation.cited 83× |
| high-protein diet (HPD) | Increases - showed little improvement | muscle performance | Animal | mouse model of GSDIII | Not specified. | Glucose-free/high-protein diet improves hepatomegaly and exercise intolerance in glycogen storage disease type III mice.cited 5× |
| high-protein/glucose-free diet (GFD) | Increases - ameliorated | muscle performance | Animal | mouse model of GSDIII | Not specified. | Glucose-free/high-protein diet improves hepatomegaly and exercise intolerance in glycogen storage disease type III mice.cited 5× |
| inclusion of canola oil in the diet of lactating dairy cows | Decreases - reduce | lactating performance of dairy cows | Human | dairy cows | 3% and 6% inclusion of canola oil in the diet (dry matter basis). | Canola Oil in Lactating Dairy Cow Diets Reduces Milk Saturated Fatty Acids and Improves Its Omega-3 and Oleic Fatty Acid Content.cited 27× |
| ketogenic diet (KD) | Increases - improved | cardiomyocyte contractile and relaxation performance | Animal | ZSF1 Obese heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) phenotype | Not specified for the ketogenic diet; ketone salts were added to drinking water (exact dosage not provided). | Ketogenic diet and ketone salts differentially improve cardiometabolic complications in an HFpEF rat model.cited 1× |
| ketogenic diet | No effect - influence | cognitive performance and brain structure | Human | — | Not specified | Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.cited 25× |
| Mediterranean diet (MeDi) | No effect - influence | cognitive performance and brain structure | Human | — | Not specified | Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.cited 25× |
| incorporating oregano leaf extract into the diet at a concentration of 50 mg/kg | Increases - improves | growth performance | Animal | broilers exposed to heat stress | 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of oregano extract in diet. | Effects of oregano and/or rosemary extracts on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, cecal bacteria, tight junction proteins, and antioxidants-related genes in heat-stressed broiler chickens.cited 2× |
| high-protein, energy restricted diet rich in carotenoids and polyphenols | No effect - evaluating the efficacy | body composition, muscle strength, physical performance and quality of life | Human | overweight and obese older adults | 375 g/d of high carotenoid vegetables, 300 g/d high carotenoid fruit, and 40-60 ml extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) or 375 g/d of lower carotenoid vegetables, 300 g/d lower carotenoid fruit, and 40-60 ml PUFA-based oil. | A randomised controlled intervention study investigating the efficacy of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables and extra-virgin olive oil on attenuating sarcopenic symptomology in overweight and obese older adults during energy intake restriction: protocol paper.cited 19× |
| gluten-free diet | Decreases - had lower | myocardial performance index | Human | GFD compliant patients | Not specified | Children with untreated coeliac disease have sub-clinical cardiac dysfunction: a longitudinal observational analysis.cited 11× |
| gluten-free diet (GFD) | No effect - had no overall effect | performance | Human | nonceliac endurance athletes | 16 g wheat gluten per day (for GCD) alongside gluten-free food bars. | No Effects of a Short-Term Gluten-free Diet on Performance in Nonceliac Athletes.cited 43× |
| gluten-free diet (GFD) | No effect - was not significantly different | TT performance | Human | competitive endurance cyclists | 16 g wheat gluten per day (for GCD) alongside gluten-free food bars. | No Effects of a Short-Term Gluten-free Diet on Performance in Nonceliac Athletes.cited 43× |
| EB diet | Increases - improves | motor performance | Animal | 3-AP ataxia model rat | 2% elderberry diet | Elderberry diet enhances motor performance and reduces neuroinflammation-induced cell death in cerebellar ataxia rat models.cited 5× |
| hypoenergetic diet and exercise training intervention (both PRO and CON groups) | Increases - improved | all measures of exercise performance | Human | young men | — | Higher compared with lower dietary protein during an energy deficit combined with intense exercise promotes greater lean mass gain and fat mass loss: a randomized trial.cited 152× |
| oxidized soybean oil (OSO) diet | No effect - does not affect | sow performance | Animal | sows | Not specified | Effects of oxidized soybean oil on the performance of sows and jejunum health of suckling piglets.cited 4× |
| feeding the RVSS diet | No effect - without affecting | performance (mean ECM yield: 28.4 kg/d) and mean BW | Animal | dairy cows | Diets consisted of 43.8% RVS or rye silage (DM basis), supplemented with 5 kg concentrate daily. | Effects of replacing rye silage with mixed rye-vetch-straw silage on feed intake, milk production, digestion processes and blood metabolites in dairy cows. |
| a high-nitrate diet | Increases - effective | exercise performance | Human | healthy adults | 5-14.9 mmol⋅d⁻¹ (acute), 5-9.9 mmol⋅d⁻¹ (chronic) | Factors that Moderate the Effect of Nitrate Ingestion on Exercise Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions.cited 21× |
| nitrate, via beetroot juice or a high-nitrate diet | Increases - improved | exercise performance | Human | healthy adults | 5-14.9 mmol⋅d⁻¹ (acute), 5-9.9 mmol⋅d⁻¹ (chronic) | Factors that Moderate the Effect of Nitrate Ingestion on Exercise Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions.cited 21× |
| 21% CP in an isocaloric diet of 2800 kcal ME/kg | Increases - would be optimum to improve | growth performance | Animal | Aseel chickens | Varying CP levels (18.5%, 19.0%, 19.5%, 20.0%, 20.5%, 21.0%, 21.5%) in isocaloric diets (2800 kcal ME/kg) | Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, and myostatin gene expression in Aseel chicken fed varied levels of dietary protein in isocaloric energy diets.cited 1× |
| at least 0.8% proline in the diet | Increases - maximal growth performance depended on | growth performance | Animal | chickens | Proline: 0.0, 0.35, 0.7, 1.05, 1.4, and 2.1%; Hydroxyproline: 0.07, 0.14, and 0.28%. | Proline and hydroxyproline metabolism: implications for animal and human nutrition.cited 414× |
| Mediterranean-DASH intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet | Increases - contributes to better cognitive performance and attenuates dementia | cognitive performance and dementia | Human | — | Not specified (diet adherence scored as ≤7.0, 7.5-8.0, and ≥8.5). | Better adherence to the MIND diet is associated with lower risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular death in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or stroke: a cohort study from NHANES analysis.cited 8× |
| Supplementation of a balanced diet with omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B3, vitamin C and associated antioxidants, vitamin D, and protein | Increases - may improve | a clinician's physical and mental health and their performance at work | Human | clinician | — | Can dietary supplements improve a clinician's well-being and health?cited 5× |
| RISE training and a P diet derived from food protein sources | Increases - significantly improved | measures of body composition and physical performance | Human | overweight/obese individuals | Not specified for stretching (protein-pacing: six meals/day @ 1.4 g/kg BW) | Protein-Pacing from Food or Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Overweight Men and Women: The PRISE 2 Study.cited 14× |
| RISE training and a P diet derived from whey protein supplementation | Increases - significantly improved | measures of body composition and physical performance | Human | overweight/obese individuals | Not specified for stretching (protein-pacing: six meals/day @ 1.4 g/kg BW) | Protein-Pacing from Food or Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Overweight Men and Women: The PRISE 2 Study.cited 14× |
| all-plant-based diet | No effect - could not affect | growth performance | Animal | blunt snout breams | Not specified | Anti-stress properties and two HSP70s mRNA expressions of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) fed with all-plant-based diet.cited 3× |
| hard food diet | Increases - improved | behavioral task performance | Human | animals | Not specified | Food Hardness Modulates Behavior, Cognition, and Brain Activation: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies.cited 11× |
| FLO diet | No effect - did not affect | final performance parameters | Animal | broiler chickens | Not specified (optimized quercetin concentration based on peroxidability of oils). | Performance and antioxidant traits of broiler chickens fed with diets containing rapeseed or flaxseed oil and optimized quercetin.cited 6× |
| insufficient levels of tocopherols in the diet | Decreases - can lead to | growth performance | Human | farmed fish species | Not specified | Tocopherols in Seafood and Aquaculture Products.cited 20× |
| Supplementation of sheep diets with safflower oil, up to 6% of the diet | No effect - without adversely affecting | growth performance | Animal | sheep | 0%, 3%, or 6% of the diet (as-fed basis) | Supplemental safflower oil affects the fatty acid profile, including conjugated linoleic acid, of lamb.cited 29× |
| A low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet | Decreases - impairs | sports performance | Human | athletes | 140 mL beetroot juice containing 8.4 mmol nitrate (single dose). | Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Alters the Oral Microbiome without Negating the Nitrite Response to Beetroot Juice Supplementation.cited 4× |
| vegetarian-based diet | No effect - did not improve nor hinder | physical performance | Human | athletes | Not specified | Vegetarian and Omnivorous Nutrition - Comparing Physical Performance.cited 31× |
| combination of ketogenic diet and aerobic exercise | Increases - improved | exercise performance | Animal | hindlimb-unloaded mice | Moderate-intensity treadmill running (12 m/min, 60 min/day, 6 days/week). | Combined Effects of Ketogenic Diet and Aerobic Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Fiber Remodeling and Metabolic Adaptation in Simulated Microgravity Mice. |
| Psy and CrtI gene modified rice mixture diet (GM group) | No effect - no biologically relevant differences were observed | reproductive performance (fertility rate, gestation rate, mean duration, hormone level, and reproductive organ pathology) | Animal | Wistar rats (F0 to F1 generations) | GM rice (Heijinmi) and non-GM rice (Heishuai) formulated at 73.5% and 75.5% of the diet, respectively. | Extended one generation reproductive toxicity study and effect on gut flora of genetically modified rice rich in β-carotene in wistar rats. |
| high-Arg diet (HA; CTL+0.8% Arg) | Increases - improved the pulmonary vascular performance | pulmonary vascular performance | Animal | hypoxic broiler chickens | 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and 500 mg of vitamin C/L of water. | L-arginine and antioxidant vitamins E and C improve the cardiovascular performance of broiler chickens grown under chronic hypobaric hypoxia.cited 24× |
| high-Arg and high antioxidant-vitamin diet (AEC; HA+200 IU of VE/kg of feed and 500 mg of vitamin C/L of water) | Increases - further improved the pulmonary vascular performance | pulmonary vascular performance | Animal | hypoxic broiler chickens | 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and 500 mg of vitamin C/L of water. | L-arginine and antioxidant vitamins E and C improve the cardiovascular performance of broiler chickens grown under chronic hypobaric hypoxia.cited 24× |
| ketogenic diet and/or a ketone supplement | No effect - do not appear confer | performance benefits | Human | Special Operations Forces (SOF) | Not specified | Ketones and Human Performance.cited 9× |
| Mediterranean Diet | Increases - may improve | anaerobic performance | Human | CrossFit athletes | Not specified | Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Athletic Performance, Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Antioxidant Markers in Both Athletes and Non-Professional Athletes: A Systematic Review of Intervention Trials.cited 3× |
| Mediterranean Diet | Increases - increased | shuttle run performance | Human | — | Not specified | Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Athletic Performance, Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Antioxidant Markers in Both Athletes and Non-Professional Athletes: A Systematic Review of Intervention Trials.cited 3× |
| Mediterranean Diet | Increases - was associated with enhanced | strength performance | Human | — | Not specified | Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Athletic Performance, Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Antioxidant Markers in Both Athletes and Non-Professional Athletes: A Systematic Review of Intervention Trials.cited 3× |
| adding 1 g/kg Maca powder to the diet | No effect - without affecting | performance | Animal | quail | 0, 1, or 2 g/kg of diet. | Use of Maca Powder (Lepidium meyenii) as Feed Additive in Diets of Laying Quails at Different Ages: Its Effect on Performance, Eggshell Quality, Serum, Ileum, and Bone Properties.cited 9× |
| simultaneous inclusion of 150 ppm PEO and 300 ppm artifier in the low-energy diet | No effect - resulted in comparable growth performance | growth performance | Animal | — | 150 ppm PEO and/or 300 ppm artifier. | Effects of peppermint essential oil and artifier on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibilities in broiler chickens fed with low energy diets.cited 1× |
| a low-FODMAP diet | No effect - will be assessed | school performance | Human | children with FAPD | Not specified (mentions a 3-step low-FODMAP diet or strict low-FODMAP diet or restriction of individual FODMAPs). | A Low-FODMAP Diet in the Management of Children With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: A Protocol of a Systematic Review.cited 1× |
| baseline diet quality | No effect - directly associated with | hippocampal-dependent list-learning performance | Human | 211 healthy adults (50-75 years) | 260, 510, and 770 mg/day. | Insights into the role of diet and dietary flavanols in cognitive aging: results of a randomized controlled trial.cited 35× |
| baseline diet quality | No effect - did not correlate with | list-sorting performance | Human | 211 healthy adults (50-75 years) | 260, 510, and 770 mg/day. | Insights into the role of diet and dietary flavanols in cognitive aging: results of a randomized controlled trial.cited 35× |
| baseline diet quality | No effect - did not correlate with | object-recognition performance | Human | 211 healthy adults (50-75 years) | 260, 510, and 770 mg/day. | Insights into the role of diet and dietary flavanols in cognitive aging: results of a randomized controlled trial.cited 35× |
| low levels of Cu with increasing Mo levels in the diet | No effect - did not negatively impact | animal performance | Animal | goats | 5 ppm and 10 ppm Mo as ammonium molybdate added to the grain mix | Effect of High Molybdenum Diet on Copper Status, Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites, Select Liver and Kidney Minerals, and Immune Responses of Boer Crosses. |
| protein-rich diet (1.2-1.5 g/kg/day) | Increases - showed a significant improvement | physical performance (timed-up-and-go) | Human | middle-aged and older adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with low muscle mass, strength, or poor physical performance | Control group: 0.8-1.0 g/kg/day; Intervention group: 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day. | The effects of dietary protein on physical performance and body composition in middle age and older people having type II diabetes mellitus: a randomized pilot study.cited 1× |
| Paleolithic diet (PD) | Increases - Lower positive impact | performance | Human | group without exercise | Not specified | Paleolithic Diet-Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?cited 17× |
| supplementing dietary SA in gestation and lactation diet | Increases - enhancing | litter performance | Animal | piglets | 0.1% SA supplementation in diet during late gestation and lactation. | Effects of Dietary Star Anise (Illicium verum) Supplementation during Late Gestation and Lactation on the Performance of Multiparous Sows and Their Progeny until 21 Days Post-weaning. |