Valine Supplementation in a Reduced Protein Diet Regulates Growth Performance Partially through Modulation of Plasma Amino Acids Profile, Metabolic Responses, Endocrine, and Neural Factors in Piglets.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether valine supplementation in a reduced protein diet affects growth performance, plasma amino acid profiles, metabolism, and endocrine/neural systems in piglets.
Results Summary
Piglets with a higher Val:Lys ratio showed improved feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio, along with lower plasma urea nitrogen and altered expression of metabolic and neural markers. Plasma amino acid profiles and metabolism-related markers in serum, muscle, and liver were significantly different between treatments.
Population
Piglets (with or without a precaval vein catheter)
Effective Dosage
Standardized ileal digestible Val:Lys ratios of 0.45 and 0.65
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | increase | average daily feed intake (ADFI) | piglets | P < 0.001 | had higher | #1 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | increase | average daily gain (ADG) | piglets | P = 0.001 | had higher | #2 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | increase | feed conversion ratio (FCR) | piglets | P = 0.004 | had higher | #3 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | decrease | plasma urea nitrogen | piglets | P = 0.032 | had lower | #4 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | decrease | expression of gastric cholecystokinin (CCK) | piglets | - | had lower | #5 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | decrease | expression of hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) | piglets | - | had lower | #6 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | neutral | plasma AAs profiles including postprandial plasma essential AAs (EAAs) profile | piglets | - | were significantly different | #7 |
higher Val:Lys ratio treatment (0.65 vs 0.45) | neutral | AAs and fatty acids in serum, muscle, and liver involved in metabolism | piglets | - | were significantly different | #8 |
Val supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet | neutral | growth performance | piglets | - | influenced | #9 |
Val supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet | neutral | metabolism of AAs and fatty acids | piglets | - | influenced | #10 |
Val supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet | neutral | endocrine system | piglets | - | influenced | #11 |
Val supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet | neutral | neural system | piglets | - | influenced | #12 |
The objective of this study was to investigate whether valine (Val) supplementation in a reduced protein (RP) diet regulates growth performance associated with the changes in plasma amino acids (AAs) profile, metabolism, endocrine, and neural system in piglets. Piglets or piglets with a catheter in the precaval vein were randomly assigned to two treatments, including two RP diets with standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val:Lysine (Lys) ratio of 0.45 and 0.65, respectively. The results indicated that piglets in the higher Val:Lys ratio treatment had higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) ( P < 0.001), average daily gain (ADG) ( P = 0.001), feed conversion ratio (FCR) ( P = 0.004), lower plasma urea nitrogen ( P = 0.032), expression of gastric cholecystokinin (CCK), and hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Plasma AAs profiles including postprandial plasma essential AAs (EAAs) profile and in serum, muscle, and liver involved in metabolism of AAs and fatty acids were significantly different between two treatments. In conclusion, Val influenced growth performance associated with metabolism of AAs and fatty acids and both endocrine and neural system in piglets.