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Evidence suggests Melatonin mayincreaseCortisol awakening response.
67 studies (63 claims)
Emerging evidence
Typical effective dose 17.5 (7.5–80) mgacross 6 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| high doses of melatonin | Decreases - may favorably modulate | immune response and neuroinflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 | Human | COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases | High doses (specific amount not provided). | Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Its Neuroinvasive Capacity: Is It Time for Melatonin?cited 26× |
| Melatonin | Increases - activates | an apoptotic response | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Increases - activates | an apoptotic response | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - blocks | the androgenic response | HumanMolecular | prostate cancer cells | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - blocks | the androgenic response | HumanMolecular | prostate cancer cells | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| melatonin | No effect - regulation of anti-tumor immune response | anti-tumor immune response | Human | — | Not specified | Unveiling the Protective Role of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma: Current Knowledge and Limitations.cited 7× |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Increases - improved effect was found for | complete response | Human | patients with solid tumors | Not specified | Melatonin as adjuvant cancer care with and without chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.cited 113× |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Increases - improved effect was found for | partial response | Human | patients with solid tumors | Not specified | Melatonin as adjuvant cancer care with and without chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.cited 113× |
| melatonin | Increases - advantageous effect on improving | EPO response | Human | anemic patients with CKD | 5mg melatonin. | Melatonin Improves Erythropoietin Hyporesponsiveness via Suppression of Inflammation.cited 5× |
| melatonin | No effect - have a great impact | fertility and response to treatment | Human | patients with MS | Not specified | Psycho-neuro-endocrino-immunologic issues in multiple sclerosis: a critical review of clinical and therapeutic implications.cited 15× |
| melatonin | No effect - significant difference between AIS and control osteoblasts in functional response | functional response toward melatonin | HumanMolecular | AIS and control osteoblasts | — | Abnormal proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts from girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to melatonin. |
| melatonin | Increases - enhances | host's immune response against the parasite | Human | hosts with toxoplasmosis, African trypanosomiasis and Chagas' disease | Not specified | The potential use of melatonin to treat protozoan parasitic infections: A review.cited 24× |
| melatonin | Increases - modulate and control the immune adequately and oxidative response | immune and oxidative response | Human | COVID-19 infection | Not specified | Lungs as target of COVID-19 infection: Protective common molecular mechanisms of vitamin D and melatonin as a new potential synergistic treatment.cited 75× |
| melatonin | Decreases - down-regulated | renin-angiotensin system exaltation with consequent inflammatory response | Human | COVID-19 infection | Not specified | Lungs as target of COVID-19 infection: Protective common molecular mechanisms of vitamin D and melatonin as a new potential synergistic treatment.cited 75× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulation | immune response | Human | — | Not provided | The Potentials of Melatonin in the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis Disease.cited 9× |
| melatonin | Decreases - effective antioxidants and anti-inflammation | oxidative stress and inflammatory response | Human | — | Not provided | The Potentials of Melatonin in the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis Disease.cited 9× |
| melatonin | Increases - caused the opposite actions | immune response | HumanMolecular | immune-depressed cells from patients with SLE | Not specified | Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effect of melatonin on the T-cell response in peripheral blood from systemic lupus erythematosus patients.cited 43× |
| melatonin | No effect - regulates | immune response | Human | — | Not specified | Mechanism of Action of Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer.cited 3× |
| melatonin | No effect - neither ... significantly affected | immune response | Animal | rats | — | Melatonin receptors mediate improvements of survival in a model of polymicrobial sepsis. |
| melatonin | Increases - improves | immune response | Human | critically ill patients | Not mentioned | Oxidative stress in sepsis: Pathophysiological implications justifying antioxidant co-therapy.cited 159× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduces | inflammatory response | Human | critically ill patients | Not mentioned | Oxidative stress in sepsis: Pathophysiological implications justifying antioxidant co-therapy.cited 159× |
| melatonin | Decreases - improved | inflammatory response | Human | patients with periodontal disease, dental surgeries, and mucositis of head and neck oncologic irradiated patients | Not specified | Melatonin as an adjunctive treatment on dental procedures: A systematic review.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Decreases - had an anti-inflammatory effect | inflammatory response | Molecular | macrophages exposed to mechanical strain | — | Impact of Melatonin on RAW264.7 Macrophages during Mechanical Strain. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - exert neuroprotective effect through inhibition | inflammatory response | Human | — | Not specified | Progress in Drug Treatment of Cerebral Edema.cited 22× |
| melatonin | Decreases - was able to attenuate | inflammatory response induced by IL-1β | Molecular | IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells | — | Melatonin reduces inflammatory response in human intestinal epithelial cells stimulated by interleukin-1β. |
| melatonin | No effect - affects | inflammatory responses, antioxidant defense, DNA repair response enzymes, pro-oxidant enzymes | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can it be Used as a Radiation Countermeasure?cited 19× |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulates the innate immune response | innate immune response | Human | — | Not specified (mentions low vs. high doses but no exact amounts). | Melatonin's role as a co-adjuvant treatment in colonic diseases: A review. |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulates the innate immune response | innate immune response | Human | — | Not specified (mentions low vs. high doses but no exact amounts). | Melatonin's role as a co-adjuvant treatment in colonic diseases: A review. |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduction | oxidative response | Human | — | Not specified (translational doses were higher than those used in RCTs). | Melatonin's efficacy in stroke patients; a matter of dose? A systematic review.cited 14× |
| melatonin | No effect - regulate | oxidative stress response pathways | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin and retinal cell damage: molecular and biological functions. |
| melatonin | Increases - activation of the p53-dependent DNA damage response by melatonin is indeed mediated by MT1 and MT2 | p53-dependent DNA damage response | Molecular | — | — | Blockage of melatonin receptors impairs p53-mediated prevention of DNA damage accumulation. |
| melatonin | Decreases - causes an impairment of the p53-dependent DNA damage response | p53-dependent DNA damage response | Molecular | — | — | Blockage of melatonin receptors impairs p53-mediated prevention of DNA damage accumulation. |
| melatonin | Decreases - impairs melatonin's capability to induce a p53-dependent DNA damage response and thus its ability to maintain genome integrity | p53-dependent DNA damage response and genome integrity | Molecular | — | — | Blockage of melatonin receptors impairs p53-mediated prevention of DNA damage accumulation. |
| Melatonin | Increases - increased | phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) | Animal | mice | — | Enhanced Modulation of CaMKII in Mouse Hippocampus by an Antidepressant-like Dose of Melatonin/Ketamine Combination. |
| Melatonin | Increases - activated | PI3K/AKT response pathway | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Melatonin treatment improves human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy in a mouse model of type II diabetes mellitus via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. |
| Melatonin | Increases - exhibit antioxidant properties | redox balance, cell integrity, and regulating the inflammatory response | Human | topical wound healing patches | Not specified. | Melatonin/Sericin Wound Healing Patches: Implications for Melanoma Therapy.cited 4× |
| melatonin | No effect - influences | response to circadian disruption, stress and burnout syndrome | Human | animals and humans | Not specified | Melatonin, an ubiquitous metabolic regulator: functions, mechanisms and effects on circadian disruption and degenerative diseases.cited 41× |
| melatonin | Increases - increased response to treatment | response to treatment | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Does the use of melatonin overcome drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy?cited 36× |
| melatonin | Decreases - is capable of suppressing | the actively ongoing ocular inflammatory response | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin as a Therapeutic Resource for Inflammatory Visual Diseases.cited 13× |
| melatonin | No effect - plays a crucial role in regulating | the body's response to circadian rhythms | Molecular | — | Not provided | Melatonin as an adjunctive therapy in cardiovascular disease management.cited 5× |
| melatonin | No effect - can supplement | the endogenous response to HI | Human | — | Not specified | New horizons for newborn brain protection: enhancing endogenous neuroprotection.cited 147× |
| melatonin | Decreases - significantly attenuated | the increase in intracellular cyclic GMP levels in response to SNP | Animal | — | — | MT2 receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of melatonin on nitric oxide-induced relaxation of porcine isolated coronary arteries. |
| melatonin | Increases - has been shown to enhance | T-helper cell response | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin, immune function and cancer.cited 70× |
| melatonin | No effect - impacts on | the tryptophan catabolic pathway via its effect on stress response and cortisol secretion | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin: an overlooked factor in schizophrenia and in the inhibition of anti-psychotic side effects.cited 59× |
| melatonin | Increases - had a positive response to treatment | treatment response | Human | patients | 10 to 20 mCi iodine-131 (single dose) and 300 mg melatonin (single dose). | The efficacy of melatonin against radiotoxicity of iodine-131 and its response to treatment in hyperthyroid patients: a randomized controlled trial.cited 1× |
| melatonin | Increases - has significant positive effects | treatment response rates | Human | adults with cancer | Not specified | The potential utility of melatonin in the treatment of childhood cancer.cited 4× |
| Melatonin | Increases - has shown promising results for modulating | tumour response to therapy | Human | — | — | Modulation of the immune system by melatonin; implications for cancer therapy.cited 33× |
| combination of buspirone and melatonin | Increases - revealed a significant antidepressant response | antidepressant response | HumanAnimalMolecular | subjects with acute Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | Melatonin-SR 3 mg combined with buspirone 15 mg | An exploratory study of combination buspirone and melatonin SR in major depressive disorder (MDD): a possible role for neurogenesis in drug discovery.cited 43× |
| melatonin and prolactin | Increases - activate | nighttime immune response | Human | — | Not specified | Chronobiology and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.cited 58× |
| melatonin treatment | Increases - increased | second-phase insulin response | Human | male participants with type 2 diabetes | — | Three months of melatonin treatment reduces insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes-A randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial.cited 17× |
| melatonin with adenosine at a ratio of 1:4, stabilized with 30% of glycine (MLT-DBM) | Increases - positive therapeutic responses and a total absence of toxicity | therapeutic response and toxicity | Human | many patients with various indications | Melatonin with adenosine at a 1:4 ratio, stabilized with 30% glycine (MLT-DBM). | Melatonin with adenosine solubilized in water and stabilized with glycine for oncological treatment - technical preparation, effectivity and clinical findings.cited 3× |
| intravenous melatonin (IVM) | Decreases - associated with a decreased | systemic inflammatory response assessed by plasma levels of ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and interleukin-6 | Human | adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with COVID-19 | 5 mg/kg of actual body weight per day, divided every 6 hours (max 500 mg/day). | A phase II, single-center, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial to explore the efficacy and safety of intravenous melatonin in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (MelCOVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 23× |
| melatonin-related lncRNA signature | No effect - involved in regulation of processing and maturation of mRNA and misfolded protein response | mRNA processing and maturation, misfolded protein response | Human | high-signature BRCA | Not specified | Identification of prognostic melatonin-related lncRNA signature in tumor immune microenvironment and drug resistance for breast cancer.cited 3× |
| adding behavioural intervention to melatonin treatment | Increases - seems to result in a better treatment response | treatment response | Human | children with autism spectrum disorders, aged 4-10 years, suffering from sleep onset insomnia and impaired sleep maintenance | Not specified | Controlled-release melatonin, singly and combined with cognitive behavioural therapy, for persistent insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.cited 152× |
| melatonin supplementation | Decreases - normalized | inflammation response | Animal | DSS-treated mice | — | Melatonin-mediated MT2 attenuates colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate via PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/SIRT1/RORα/NF-κB signaling pathways. |
| melatonin supplementation | Decreases - showed improvements | inflammatory response | Human | highly trained athletes | 5 mg to 100 mg, administered before or after exercise | Impact of Melatonin Supplementation on Sports Performance and Circulating Biomarkers in Highly Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.cited 9× |
| oral melatonin 3 mg (immediate-release) at bedtime | No effect - most preferred pharmacological intervention | improvements in migraine frequency, response rate, dropout rate, and rates of any adverse events | Human | patients with episodic migraine | 3 mg/d (immediate-release) at bedtime. | The association between melatonin and episodic migraine: A pilot network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the prophylactic effects with exogenous melatonin supplementation and pharmacotherapy.cited 31× |
| oral melatonin 3 mg (immediate-release) at bedtime | Increases - second highest response rate | response rate | Human | patients with episodic migraine | 3 mg/d (immediate-release) at bedtime. | The association between melatonin and episodic migraine: A pilot network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the prophylactic effects with exogenous melatonin supplementation and pharmacotherapy.cited 31× |
| melatonin pretreatment | Decreases - decreased | oxidative response | Molecular | H9c2 cells after A/R injury | — | Melatonin Attenuates Anoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Inhibiting Excessive Mitophagy Through the MT2/SIRT3/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway in H9c2 Cells. |
| melatonin pre-treatment | Increases - successful completion | Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing | Human | pediatric patients (<18yrs) | 0.25 mg for patients <3 months to 20 mg for patients >6 years, with one study using a weight-based approach. | Efficacy of melatonin for auditory brainstem response testing in children: A systematic review.cited 6× |
| 3% melatonin oral gel mouthwashes | No effect - similar | overall response rate | Human | patients treated with concurrent radiation and systemic treatment for head and neck cancer | 3% melatonin oral gel mouthwashes. | Randomized placebo-controlled phase II trial of high-dose melatonin mucoadhesive oral gel for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiation therapy concurrent with systemic treatment.cited 27× |
| Resveratrol and melatonin | Decreases - help to reduce inflammatory response | inflammatory response | Molecular | — | Not provided. | The role and therapeutic potential of SIRTs in sepsis.cited 5× |
| resveratrol and melatonin | No effect - observed sex-dependent differences in response | response to treatment | Animal | ageing rats | Not specified | The Impact of Resveratrol and Melatonin on the Genome and Oxidative Status in Ageing Rats. |
| combination of adrenocorticotropic hormone, magnesium sulfate and either melatonin or placebo | Increases - assessed | response rate (the rate of spasms-free) | Human | Patients aged 3 months to 2 years with IS | — | Melatonin supplementation for the treatment of infantile spasms: protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled triple-blind trial.cited 3× |
| melatonin MT2 and 5-HT2C receptor heteromer formation | Increases - amplified | 5-HT-mediated Gq/phospholipase C response | HumanMolecular | transfected cells and human cortex and hippocampus | — | Convergence of melatonin and serotonin (5-HT) signaling at MT2/5-HT2C receptor heteromers. |
| suppression of pineal melatonin and gut microbiome-derived butyrate, coupled to an increase in circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) | Increases - further dysregulates | immune response | Human | — | Not provided | Tryptophan Metabolites and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pathophysiology.cited 40× |