Nicotine
→Cancer risk

8

↑8

↓0

—0

Evidence suggests Nicotine mayincreaseCancer risk.

5 studies (8 claims)

Emerging evidence

Study Claims

8 of 8

Intervention	Direction	Endpoint	Type	Population	Dosage	Title
nicotine	Increases - promote	cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion	Human	—	Not specified	A review on the effect of COX-2-mediated mechanisms on development and progression of gastric cancer induced by nicotine.cited 7×
nicotine	Increases - exerts its role of contribution to	gastric cancer development and progression	Human	—	Not specified	A review on the effect of COX-2-mediated mechanisms on development and progression of gastric cancer induced by nicotine.cited 7×
nicotine	Increases - contribute to	the growth and progression of gastric cancer	Human	gastric cancer exposed to nicotine through tobacco smoke or cigarette substitutes	Not specified	A review on the effect of COX-2-mediated mechanisms on development and progression of gastric cancer induced by nicotine.cited 7×
Nicotine	Increases - stimulates progression	lung cancer (LC)	HumanMolecular	—	Not provided	The Role of Licorice Chalcones as Molecular Genes and Signaling Pathways Modulator-A Review of Experimental Implications for Nicotine-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment.
Nicotine	Increases - stimulates	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)	HumanMolecular	—	Not provided	The Role of Licorice Chalcones as Molecular Genes and Signaling Pathways Modulator-A Review of Experimental Implications for Nicotine-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment.
nicotine	Increases - promotes	proliferation and metastatic ability of lung cancer cells	AnimalMolecular	lung cancer cells	Not specified	Nicotine promotes the progression and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer by modulating the OTUB1-c-Myc-EZH2 axis.
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and nicotine exposure	Increases - have been implicated in	lung cancer development	Human	—	Not available	Exploring Potential Associations between Benzo[a]pyrene, Nicotine Exposure, and Lung Cancer: Molecular Insights, Prognostic Biomarkers, and Immune Cell Infiltration.
cigarettes with higher tar and nicotine content	Increases - are associated with a higher risk	lung cancer	Human	—	Not specified in the abstract.	β-Carotene Supplementation and Lung Cancer Incidence in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study: The Role of Tar and Nicotine.cited 50×