55
97
51
↑55
↓97
—51
Evidence suggests Melatonin maydecreaseSide effects.
192 studies (203 claims)
Conflicting evidence
Typical effective dose 7 (3–23.75) mgacross 34 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adding melatonin to chemo- and radiotherapy | Increases - may have synergistic therapeutic effects | therapeutic effects | Human | patients with skin cancer | Not specified | Potential use of melatonin in skin cancer treatment: A review of current biological evidence.cited 32× |
| melatonin administration | Decreases - counteract | negative effects of night work | Human | — | Not specified | Measures to counteract the negative effects of night work.cited 70× |
| melatonin administration | No effect - associated with minimal | side effects | Human | ASD | Not specified | Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 243× |
| melatonin | No effect - minimal to none | side effects | Human | null | Not specified | Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 243× |
| 100mg melatonin | No effect - no side effect was observed | side effects | Human | patients | Single oral dose of 100mg melatonin. | Melatonin a Promising Candidate for DNA Double-Stranded Breaks Reduction in Patients Undergoing Abdomen-Pelvis Computed Tomography Examinations.cited 1× |
| melatonin and its MT1 and MT2 receptors | No effect - participate in modulation of | reinforcing effects of such addictive drugs as cocaine | Animal | — | — | Melatonin decreases cocaine-induced locomotor activity in pinealectomized rats. |
| melatonin | Decreases - ability to mitigate | various reinforcing effects of cocaine | Animal | — | — | Melatonin decreases cocaine-induced locomotor activity in pinealectomized rats. |
| administration of melatonin | Decreases - decreased | reinforcing effects of cocaine | Animal | rodents | — | Melatonin decreases cocaine-induced locomotor activity in pinealectomized rats. |
| melatonin | No effect - did not show significant adverse effects | adverse effects | Human | GBM patients | Not specified | Melatonin's Antineoplastic Potential Against Glioblastoma.cited 19× |
| melatonin | No effect - no adverse effects were observed | adverse effects | Human | participants with severe dysmenorrhea | 10 mg daily at bedtime during the menstrual week. | Adjuvant use of melatonin for pain management in dysmenorrhea - a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.cited 11× |
| Melatonin | No effect - was well-tolerated | adverse effects | Human | older adults with insomnia | — | Melatonin receptor ligands: A pharmaco-chemical perspective. |
| melatonin | No effect - No serious adverse effects | adverse effects | Human | humans | Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. | Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations.cited 155× |
| melatonin | No effect - no major adverse effect | adverse effects | Human | typical development and ASD | Not specified | Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder.cited 49× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - mitigates | adverse effects after prostatectomy and radiotherapy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - mitigates | adverse effects after prostatectomy and radiotherapy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | No effect - exhibits | anticancer effects | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | No effect - exhibits | anticancer effects | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - blocks | hormone-refractory effects during androgen deprivation therapy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - blocks | hormone-refractory effects during androgen deprivation therapy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - decreases | the side effects of anticancer treatment | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - decreases | the side effects of anticancer treatment | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Decreased melatonin concentration | Decreases - causes | impaired anticancer effects | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| Decreased melatonin concentration | Decreases - causes | impaired anticancer effects | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | The Potential Oncostatic Effects of Melatonin against Prostate Cancer. |
| melatonin | Decreases - neuroprotective effect | adverse effects of ACBC on cognitive function, sleep quality and depressive symptoms | Human | women with breast cancer | 20mg of melatonin before and during the first cycle of chemotherapy. | Clinical impact of melatonin on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; effects on cognition, sleep and depressive symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.cited 69× |
| 20mg of melatonin before and during the first cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer | Decreases - reduced | side effects associated with cognitive impairment | Human | women with breast cancer | 20mg of melatonin before and during the first cycle of chemotherapy. | Clinical impact of melatonin on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; effects on cognition, sleep and depressive symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.cited 69× |
| melatonin | Decreases - decreases | adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents | Molecular | treatment of breast cancer | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | Decreases - decreases | adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents | Molecular | treatment of breast cancer | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | No effect - regulates | sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, immune functions, and anticarcinogenic effects | Molecular | normal physiological state | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | No effect - regulates | sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, immune functions, and anticarcinogenic effects | Molecular | normal physiological state | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduce the adverse effects | adverse effects of the other antiviral drugs | Human | COVID-19 patients | Not specified | Role of melatonin in the treatment of COVID-19; as an adjuvant through cluster differentiation 147 (CD147).cited 38× |
| melatonin | Decreases - may be beneficial | adverse effects of the related risk factors | Human | patients with CAS | Not specified | Potential Role of Melatonin as an Adjuvant for Atherosclerotic Carotid Arterial Stenosis.cited 8× |
| melatonin | No effect - no adverse side effects were observed | adverse side effects | Human | participants with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) diagnosis of MDD and early-morning waking | 6 mg slow-release melatonin at bedtime. | A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of treatment as usual plus exogenous slow-release melatonin (6 mg) or placebo for sleep disturbance and depressed mood.cited 48× |
| melatonin | No effect - no adverse/side effects were reported | adverse/side effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin: Implications for Ocular Disease and Therapeutic Potential.cited 12× |
| melatonin | Increases - demonstrate the analgesic, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative effects | analgesic, anxiolytic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Critical Care.cited 17× |
| exogenous melatonin | No effect - demonstrated many clinical effects | clinical effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Critical Care.cited 17× |
| melatonin | Increases - shows potent analgesic effects | analgesic effects | Human | experimental studies | Not specified | Analgesic effects of melatonin: a review of current evidence from experimental and clinical studies.cited 147× |
| Melatonin | No effect - has | analgesic effects | Human | — | — | The roles of the circadian hormone melatonin in drug addiction.cited 10× |
| Melatonin | No effect - has | anti-depressive effects | Human | — | — | The roles of the circadian hormone melatonin in drug addiction.cited 10× |
| Melatonin | No effect - has | anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | — | The roles of the circadian hormone melatonin in drug addiction.cited 10× |
| Melatonin | No effect - has | neuroprotective effects | Human | — | — | The roles of the circadian hormone melatonin in drug addiction.cited 10× |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts significant | angiogenic effects | Molecular | a variety of cancer cells | Not specified. | Multifaceted roles of melatonin in oncology: an insight into its therapeutic potential in cancer management. |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts significant | anti-proliferative effects | Molecular | a variety of cancer cells | Not specified. | Multifaceted roles of melatonin in oncology: an insight into its therapeutic potential in cancer management. |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts significant | apoptotic effects | Molecular | a variety of cancer cells | Not specified. | Multifaceted roles of melatonin in oncology: an insight into its therapeutic potential in cancer management. |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts significant | oncostatic effects | Molecular | a variety of cancer cells | Not specified. | Multifaceted roles of melatonin in oncology: an insight into its therapeutic potential in cancer management. |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-apoptotic effects | HumanMolecular | in vitro cell cultures | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-apoptotic effects | HumanMolecular | in vivo animal models | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-apoptotic effects | HumanMolecular | human participants | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-inflammatory effects | HumanMolecular | in vivo animal models | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-inflammatory effects | HumanMolecular | in vitro cell cultures | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | anti-inflammatory effects | HumanMolecular | human participants | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | antioxidant effects | HumanMolecular | in vitro cell cultures | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | antioxidant effects | HumanMolecular | in vivo animal models | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - exerts | antioxidant effects | HumanMolecular | human participants | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Increases - exerts | neuroprotective effects | HumanMolecular | in vitro cell cultures | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Increases - exerts | neuroprotective effects | HumanMolecular | in vivo animal models | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Increases - exerts | neuroprotective effects | HumanMolecular | human participants | — | Melatonin MT |
| Melatonin | Decreases - exerts | anti-cancer effects | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin as a Therapeutic Agent for the Inhibition of Hypoxia-Induced Tumor Progression: A Description of Possible Mechanisms Involved.cited 13× |
| melatonin | Increases - improving | anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects | Molecular | — | Not provided | Elucidating the Regulatory Role of Melatonin in Brown, White, and Beige Adipocytes.cited 24× |
| melatonin | Increases - has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial protective effects | anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial protective effects | Human | — | Not specified (injectable formulation for intravenous perfusion). | Clinical trial to test the efficacy of melatonin in COVID-19.cited 54× |
| melatonin | No effect - has therapeutic mechanisms including | anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | Not specified | The role of melatonin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.cited 38× |
| melatonin | No effect - has therapeutic mechanisms including | antioxidative effects | Human | — | Not specified | The role of melatonin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.cited 38× |
| Melatonin | No effect - has | antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | Not specified | Modulation by melatonin of the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune diseases.cited 73× |
| melatonin | No effect - provide | antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | Not mentioned | Local melatonin regulates inflammation resolution: a common factor in neurodegenerative, psychiatric and systemic inflammatory disorders.cited 58× |
| melatonin | Increases - has a good potential due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory with minimal side effects | antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | — | Melatonin as a complementary and prophylactic agent against COVID-19 in high-risk populations: A narrative review of recent findings from clinical and preclinical studies.cited 2× |
| melatonin | Increases - might act as a prophylactic agent with sedative effects and sleep enhancement potential | sedative effects and sleep enhancement | Human | patients, their families, health care workers, and occupations affected by psychological stress caused by COVID-19 | — | Melatonin as a complementary and prophylactic agent against COVID-19 in high-risk populations: A narrative review of recent findings from clinical and preclinical studies.cited 2× |
| melatonin | Increases - has | antioxidant and immune stimulating effects | Human | humans | Not specified | Melatonin, an ubiquitous metabolic regulator: functions, mechanisms and effects on circadian disruption and degenerative diseases.cited 41× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin and endoplasmic reticulum stress: relation to autophagy and apoptosis.cited 391× |
| melatonin | No effect - has been shown to have | anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory effects | Human | — | 3 mg/kg/day, orally for 15 days. | Oral melatonin as a new tool for neuroprotection in preterm newborns: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 10× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | antioxidant effects | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, and resistance to bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections: a review.cited 52× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | immunomodulatory effects | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, and resistance to bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections: a review.cited 52× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | neuroprotective effects | Human | — | Not specified | Effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, and resistance to bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections: a review.cited 52× |
| melatonin | No effect - exerts | antioxidant effects | Human | — | Not specified | Alcohol and melatonin.cited 14× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been associated with | antioxidant effects | Human | — | — | A Revision of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Strategy to Improve the Biological Activity of Melatonin.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been associated with | antitumor effects | Human | — | — | A Revision of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Strategy to Improve the Biological Activity of Melatonin.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been associated with | cardioprotective effects | Human | — | — | A Revision of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Strategy to Improve the Biological Activity of Melatonin.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been associated with | immunoregulatory effects | Human | — | — | A Revision of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Strategy to Improve the Biological Activity of Melatonin.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been associated with | neuroprotective effects | Human | — | — | A Revision of Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Strategy to Improve the Biological Activity of Melatonin.cited 3× |
| melatonin | No effect - did not cause | any local or systemic side effects | Human | diabetic patients with periodontitis (stage III/IV and grade C) | 6 mg daily | Melatonin supports nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | a variety of potential therapeutic effects | Molecular | — | Not mentioned | Melatonin and Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Key for Functional Integrity for Liver Cancer Treatment.cited 13× |
| melatonin | No effect - were | beneficial effects on vitrified 2-cell embryos of mouse | AnimalMolecular | vitrified 2-cell embryos of mouse | — | Melatonin promotes embryonic development and reduces reactive oxygen species in vitrified mouse 2-cell embryos. |
| melatonin | No effect - may account for | protective effects on vitrified embryonic development | AnimalMolecular | vitrified embryos | — | Melatonin promotes embryonic development and reduces reactive oxygen species in vitrified mouse 2-cell embryos. |
| melatonin | Increases - benefits | cardioprotective and potentially antiarrhythmic effects | Human | — | Not specified | Connexin43, A Promising Target to Reduce Cardiac Arrhythmia Burden in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.cited 2× |
| Melatonin | Increases - may exert | cardioprotective effects | Human | — | Not specified | Parkinson's disease: News on the action of melatonin. |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts | cardioprotective effects | HumanMolecular | endothelial cells | — | Cellular signalling of melatonin and its role in metabolic disorders. |
| melatonin | No effect - produces | chronobiotic effects | Human | — | Not specified | The melatonergic system in mood and anxiety disorders and the role of agomelatine: implications for clinical practice. |
| melatonin | No effect - produces | chronobiotic effects | Human | — | Not specified | The melatonergic system in mood and anxiety disorders and the role of agomelatine: implications for clinical practice. |
| melatonin | No effect - exerted by receptors | chronobiotic effects | Molecular | immunocompetent cells | — | Nycthemeral variation in melatonin receptor expression in the lymphoid organs of a tropical seasonal breeder Funambulus pennanti. |
| melatonin | No effect - determine its circadian and seasonal effects | circadian and seasonal effects | Human | mammals | Not specified | New insights into the function of melatonin and its role in metabolic disturbances.cited 39× |
| melatonin | No effect - exhibits immediate nocturnal effects | nocturnal effects | Human | mammals | Not specified | New insights into the function of melatonin and its role in metabolic disturbances.cited 39× |
| melatonin | No effect - has acquired several unique modes of regulating the physiological effects | physiological effects | Human | mammals | Not specified | New insights into the function of melatonin and its role in metabolic disturbances.cited 39× |
| melatonin | No effect - has next-day prospective effects that take place in the absence of this hormone | prospective effects | Human | mammals | Not specified | New insights into the function of melatonin and its role in metabolic disturbances.cited 39× |
| melatonin | Increases - show positive clinical effects | clinical effects | Human | patients with atopic dermatitis | Not specified | Alternative Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: An Update.cited 19× |
| melatonin | Decreases - was estimated to be up to 150 times more effective in limiting | cochlear side effects | HumanAnimal | — | 3 mg daily (human study). | Drug-mediated ototoxicity and tinnitus: alleviation with melatonin.cited 35× |
| melatonin | Increases - need higher doses to become apparent | cytoprotective effects | Human | animal studies | 2-10mg/day in humans (clinical trials), 100mg/day suggested for cytoprotective effects (animal studies). | Melatonin and healthy aging.cited 37× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-apoptotic effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Dermatologic Allergic Diseases and Other Skin Conditions: Current Trends and Reports.cited 16× |
| melatonin | Decreases - counteracted or modulated | destructive effects of the UVR | HumanMolecular | — | High (pharmacological) concentrations mentioned, but exact dosage not specified | Local melatoninergic system as the protector of skin integrity.cited 116× |
| Melatonin | Increases - are generally immunostimulatory | effects | Human | — | — | Autoimmune hepatitis in association with ramelteon. |
| melatonin | Decreases - has hypnotic, antinociceptive, and anticonvulsant properties | effects of anesthetic agents | Human | both adults and children | Not specified | Analgesic, anxiolytic and anaesthetic effects of melatonin: new potential uses in pediatrics.cited 69× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reversed in a dose-dependent manner | effects of LPS treatment | AnimalMolecular | LPS-stimulated sheep epididymal epithelial cells | — | Melatonin protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced epididymitis in sheep epididymal epithelial cells in vitro. |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduced | effects of pinealectomy on LI | Animal | pinealectomized rats | — | Esophagoprotection mediated by exogenous and endogenous melatonin in an experimental model of reflux esophagitis. |
| melatonin | No effect - were mediated by | effects on Per1 and Per2 | Animal | — | — | Melatonin Signal Transduction Pathways Require E-Box-Mediated Transcription of Per1 and Per2 to Reset the SCN Clock at Dusk. |
| melatonin | Increases - potentiates | gemcitabine's cancer-suppressing effects | Animal | pancreatic cancer xenograft model in rats | 50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, three times per week | Melatonin augments anti-tumor activity and alleviates nephrotoxicity of gemcitabine in a pancreatic cancer xenograft model targeting P62/Keap1 pathway. |
| melatonin | Decreases - effectively mitigates | harmful effects of ZEA exposure | AnimalMolecular | ZEA-exposed mouse embryos | Not specified | Melatonin mediates the BMP4/MAPK signaling pathway to alleviate zearalenone-induced abnormal embryonic development in mice. |
| melatonin | Increases - hepatoprotective effects | hepatoprotective effects | Animal | rats | — | Endogenous and Exogenous Melatonin Exposure Attenuates Hepatic MT |
| melatonin | No effect - evaluating the effect | immunomodulator effects | Human | — | Not specified | Role of Melatonin in the Inflammatory Process and its Therapeutic Potential.cited 73× |
| melatonin | No effect - mediated | its effects | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Molecular Mechanisms of Control of Differentiation of Regulatory T-Lymphocytes by Exogenous Melatonin. |
| melatonin | No effect - mediated | its effects | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Molecular Mechanisms of Control of Differentiation of Regulatory T-Lymphocytes by Exogenous Melatonin. |
| melatonin | No effect - mediated | its effects | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Molecular Mechanisms of Control of Differentiation of Regulatory T-Lymphocytes by Exogenous Melatonin. |
| melatonin | Decreases - ameliorating | late side effects of radiotherapy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin as an adjuvant in radiotherapy for radioprotection and radiosensitization.cited 84× |
| Melatonin | No effect - may cause | minor adverse effects | Human | — | 3 mg at bedtime | Melatonin for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.cited 46× |
| melatonin | No effect - mitochondrial ROS targeting | mitigating effects in radiosensitive organs | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can it be Used as a Radiation Countermeasure?cited 19× |
| melatonin | No effect - has | mitochondrial activating effects | HumanMolecular | — | — | Effects of melatonin on dopaminergic neuron development via IP3-mediated mitochondrial Ca |
| melatonin | No effect - has | neuroprotective effects | HumanMolecular | — | — | Effects of melatonin on dopaminergic neuron development via IP3-mediated mitochondrial Ca |
| melatonin | Increases - may result in | more clinically significant adverse effects | Human | potentially at-risk populations | Daily doses ranged from 0.15 mg to 12 mg. | Adverse Events Associated with Melatonin for the Treatment of Primary or Secondary Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review.cited 93× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduction of morphine-associated side-effects | morphine-associated side-effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin and morphine: potential beneficial effects of co-use.cited 31× |
| melatonin | Increases - has several potential mechanisms of action that could be useful | neuroprotective effects | Human | — | Sublingual melatonin 3 mg and 10 mg, administered daily. | A double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial of 3 and 10 mg sublingual melatonin for post-concussion syndrome in youths (PLAYGAME): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 33× |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts | neuroprotective effects | Human | against ischemic stroke | Not specified | Effect of Melatonin on Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Stroke.cited 17× |
| melatonin | No effect - neuroprotective effects are time-critical and dose dependent | neuroprotective effects | Human | neonatal piglet model of perinatal asphyxia | 15-30 mg/L (therapeutic levels). | Melatonin for Neonatal Encephalopathy: From Bench to Bedside.cited 12× |
| melatonin | Increases - appears to promote | neuroprotective effects following ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury | Animal | animal models | — | Melatonin alleviates asphyxial cardiac arrest-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell death by attenuation of oxidative stress. |
| melatonin | Decreases - counteracts | oncogenic effects of elevated concentrations of leptin | Human | — | Not Assessed | Melatonin: A Molecule for Reducing Breast Cancer Risk.cited 39× |
| melatonin | No effect - involves in | oncostatic effects | Human | — | Not specified | Physiological and pharmacological perspectives of melatonin.cited 30× |
| melatonin | No effect - exerts | oncostatic effects | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin as an angiogenesis inhibitor to combat cancer: Mechanistic evidence.cited 80× |
| melatonin | Decreases - show great promise as potential neuroprotectants | OS and its damaging effects | Human | preterm newborn | Not mentioned | Oxidative stress and antioxidant strategies in newborns.cited 94× |
| melatonin | No effect - exerts potentially diverse phenotypic effects | phenotypic effects | Molecular | — | Not specified. | Melatonin mediates mucosal immune cells, microbial metabolism, and rhythm crosstalk: A therapeutic target to reduce intestinal inflammation.cited 108× |
| melatonin | No effect - exerts numerous physiological effects | physiological effects | Human | — | Not specified | Insight into the roles of melatonin in bone tissue and bone‑related diseases (Review).cited 43× |
| Melatonin (MLT) | No effect - exerts its physiological effects | physiological effects | Animal | — | — | MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors are expressed in nonoverlapping neuronal populations. |
| melatonin | Decreases - a decrease in radiation-induced side effects was described | radiation-induced side effects | HumanAnimalMolecular | breast cancer patients and in rodent models | Not specified | Therapeutic potential of melatonin for breast cancer radiation therapy patients.cited 17× |
| melatonin | No effect - no significant differences | rates of side effects | Human | patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) | 25 mg/d orally. | Efficacy of Melatonin on Serum Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.cited 65× |
| melatonin | No effect - exert beneficial effects | regulation of circadian rhythm, bone remodeling, and antimicrobial effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin: The potential avenues in dentistry. |
| melatonin | No effect - conveys very few secondary effects | secondary effects | HumanAnimalMolecular | — | Not specified | Protective roles of melatonin against the amyloid-dependent development of Alzheimer's disease: A critical review.cited 44× |
| melatonin | Decreases - was associated with reduced sedative effects | sedative effects | Human | children | — | Melatonin for pre-medication in children: a systematic review.cited 11× |
| melatonin | No effect - did not demonstrate severe side effects | severe side effects | Human | — | 0.5–3 mg (children), 3–5 mg (adolescents), 1–5 mg (adults), 1–6 mg (elderly). | Regulatory aspects and evidences of melatonin use for sleep disorders and insomnia: an integrative review.cited 8× |
| melatonin | No effect - no or negligible side effects | side effects | Human | the majority of these studies | Not specified | Melatonin, a promising supplement in inflammatory bowel disease: a comprehensive review of evidences.cited 45× |
| melatonin | No effect - No significant side effects were observed | side effects | Human | patients with chronic CSCR | 3 mg melatonin t.i.d. (three times daily) | Therapeutic benefit of melatonin in refractory central serous chorioretinopathy.cited 33× |
| melatonin | No effect - no side effects | side effects | Human | — | Not specified | The neuroprotective role of melatonin in neurological disorders.cited 139× |
| melatonin | Decreases - limit | side effects | Molecular | — | Not specified. | Melatonin modulates tumor metabolism and mitigates metastasis.cited 10× |
| melatonin | No effect - uncommon and mild | side effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities.cited 28× |
| melatonin | Increases - significantly more | side effects | Human | patients | Intra-operative intravenous infusion of 50 mg melatonin, followed by 10 mg melatonin orally for the first 3 nights after surgery. | No effect of melatonin to modify surgical-stress response after major vascular surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.cited 21× |
| melatonin | Decreases - has advantages due to its low toxicity | side effects | Human | — | 25 mg melatonin. | The effect of MElatonin on Depressive symptoms, Anxiety, CIrcadian and Sleep disturbances in patients after acute coronary syndrome (MEDACIS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.cited 16× |
| melatonin | Decreases - alleviates | side effects | Human | radio/chemotherapy-treated patients | Not specified | The emergence of melatonin in oncology: Focus on colorectal cancer.cited 48× |
| melatonin | Decreases - acts by decreasing the side effects | side effects | Human | — | — | Exploring the Mechanical Perspective of a New Anti-Tumor Agent: Melatonin. |
| melatonin | Decreases - acts by decreasing the side effects | side effects | Human | — | — | Exploring the Mechanical Perspective of a New Anti-Tumor Agent: Melatonin. |
| melatonin | Increases - boosting the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy | therapeutic effects of chemotherapy | Human | — | — | Exploring the Mechanical Perspective of a New Anti-Tumor Agent: Melatonin. |
| melatonin | Increases - boosting the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy | therapeutic effects of chemotherapy | Human | — | — | Exploring the Mechanical Perspective of a New Anti-Tumor Agent: Melatonin. |
| melatonin (3 mg) | No effect - side effects attributable to melatonin were minimal | side effects | Human | IPD patients | 3 mg melatonin daily. | Melatonin on sleep in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial.cited 5× |
| melatonin | Decreases - well tolerated | side effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin supplementation improves rheumatological disease activity: A systematic review.cited 4× |
| melatonin | Decreases - lesser side-effects | side-effects | Human | — | — | Molecular and cellular mechanisms of melatonin in breast cancer.cited 9× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduction | side effects associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities.cited 117× |
| melatonin | Increases - augmentation | therapeutic effects of conventional anticancer therapies | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities.cited 117× |
| melatonin | No effect - No significant difference was observed from the viewpoint of side effects frequency between the two drugs | side effects frequency | Human | 1 - 8 year old children referred to EEG Unit | 0.3 mg/kg melatonin administered orally. | Melatonin and intravenous midazolam administered orally in drug induced sleep electroencephalography of children: randomized clinical trial of efficacy.cited 16× |
| melatonin | Increases - would be expected to improve | side effects of anti-psychotics, such as tardive dyskinesia, metabolic syndrome and hypertension | Human | schizophrenic patients | Not specified | Melatonin: an overlooked factor in schizophrenia and in the inhibition of anti-psychotic side effects.cited 59× |
| melatonin | No effect - likely to have impacts on | the metabolic side effects of anti-psychotics that contribute to subsequent decreases in life-expectancy | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin: an overlooked factor in schizophrenia and in the inhibition of anti-psychotic side effects.cited 59× |
| melatonin | Decreases - abolishing the unwanted consequences | side effects of chemotherapies | HumanMolecular | patients undergoing chemotherapy | Not specified | Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma.cited 35× |
| melatonin | Increases - has drug synergy effects | therapeutic effects | HumanMolecular | osteosarcoma models | Not specified | Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma.cited 35× |
| melatonin | Increases - reinforcing the therapeutic effects | therapeutic effects | HumanMolecular | patients undergoing chemotherapy | Not specified | Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma.cited 35× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - reduce | side effects of chemotherapy | Molecular | animal studies | High doses (specific amounts not stated) for pro-apoptotic effects; low doses for anti-apoptotic effects. | Melatonin influences pancreatic cancerogenesis.cited 18× |
| melatonin | No effect - seems to be well funded | side effects of chemotherapy and radiation | Human | cancer patients | Not specified | Clinical uses of melatonin: evaluation of human trials.cited 219× |
| melatonin | Decreases - benefit | side effects of current therapies | HumanMolecular | cancer patients | Not specified | Melatonin as a multifunctional anti-cancer molecule: Implications in gastric cancer.cited 38× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - attenuates several side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy | side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin and cancer: From the promotion of genomic stability to use in cancer treatment.cited 63× |
| melatonin | Decreases - limit or reverse | some of the effects of the changes that occur during immunosenescence | Human | — | Not specified | Oxidative stress and immunosenescence: therapeutic effects of melatonin.cited 65× |
| melatonin | Increases - enhance the sleep onset shift | soporific effects | Human | — | 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. | Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT.cited 67× |
| melatonin | Decreases - dose-response relationship | temperature lowering effects | Human | — | 0-5 mg (higher doses also tested but showed negligible additional effects). | A meta-analytic approach to quantify the dose-response relationship between melatonin and core temperature.cited 17× |
| melatonin | Decreases - has potential therapeutic benefits against | the detrimental effects of EMF | Human | — | Not specified. | Melatonin: a Potential Shield against Electromagnetic Waves.cited 4× |
| melatonin | No effect - no significant toxicity or treatment-related side effects with long-term therapy have been reported | toxicity and side effects | Human | newborns | Not specified | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Damage in Newborns with Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Possible Role of Melatonin.cited 39× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - protects against | toxic side effects of radiation and chemotherapy | Molecular | — | Not specified. | Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review.cited 94× |
| Melatonin (MLT) | Decreases - possess promising anti-tumor effects | tumor effects | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin affects the expression of microRNA-21: A mini-review of current evidence.cited 1× |
| melatonin 5 mg | Decreases - could become a safe and cost-effective therapeutic option to attenuate or prevent | SGA metabolic effects | Human | SGA-treated patients | 5 mg nightly. | Melatonin attenuates antipsychotic metabolic effects: an eight-week randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 86× |
| melatonin 5 mg | Decreases - is effective in attenuating | SGAs' adverse metabolic effects | Human | bipolar disorder | 5 mg nightly. | Melatonin attenuates antipsychotic metabolic effects: an eight-week randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial.cited 86× |
| melatonin and vitamin D | Decreases - reducing side effects | side effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin and vitamin D as potential synergistic adjuvants for cancer therapy (Review).cited 5× |
| exogenous melatonin | No effect - No significant effects | anti-inflammatory effects | Human | human participants in a burn model | Not specified in the abstract. | The analgesic effects of exogenous melatonin in humans.cited 13× |
| exogenous melatonin | No effect - No differences were observed | effects of melatonin | Animal | Per1::GFP or non-Per1::GFP SCN neurones | — | Electrophysiological effects of melatonin on mouse Per1 and non-Per1 suprachiasmatic nuclei neurones in vitro. |
| exogenous melatonin | Decreases - effects were blocked | Melatonin-induced effects | Animal | Per1::d2EGFP-expressing transgenic mice | — | Electrophysiological effects of melatonin on mouse Per1 and non-Per1 suprachiasmatic nuclei neurones in vitro. |
| exogenous melatonin | Decreases - alleviates | harmful effects of anticancer therapy | Human | — | 19 mg/day | The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review. |
| exogenous melatonin | No effect - should induce any serious adverse effects | serious adverse effects | Human | — | Not specified | The Safety of Melatonin in Humans.cited 302× |
| long-term melatonin treatment | No effect - causes only mild adverse effects comparable to placebo | adverse effects | Human | — | Not specified | The Safety of Melatonin in Humans.cited 302× |
| melatonin co-administration | Decreases - attenuated | these deleterious effects | Human | angiotensin II-treated atria | Not specified. | Activation of PKG-CREB-KLF15 by melatonin attenuates Angiotensin II-induced vulnerability to atrial fibrillation via enhancing branched-chain amino acids catabolism.cited 25× |
| melatonin incubation | Increases - more pronounced | effects on glucagon expression and secretion | AnimalMolecular | Glucagon-producing pancreatic α-cell line αTC1 clone 9 (αTC1.9) | — | Melatonin stimulates glucagon secretion in vitro and in vivo. |
| nightly administration of exogenous melatonin | Decreases - may mitigate or even prevent | antipsychotic-induced adverse metabolic effects (AMEs) | Human | — | Nightly administration (specific dosage not provided). | The use of melatonin to mitigate the adverse metabolic side effects of antipsychotics. |
| melatonin as adjunct treatment concurrent with chemotherapy or radiotherapy | Decreases - dramatically decreased | radiochemotherapy-related side effects including fatigue | Human | solid tumor cancer patients | 20 mg orally, once a day. | The efficacy and safety of melatonin in concurrent chemotherapy or radiotherapy for solid tumors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 105× |
| melatonin as adjunct treatment concurrent with chemotherapy or radiotherapy | Decreases - dramatically decreased | radiochemotherapy-related side effects including neurotoxicity | Human | solid tumor cancer patients | 20 mg orally, once a day. | The efficacy and safety of melatonin in concurrent chemotherapy or radiotherapy for solid tumors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 105× |
| melatonin as adjunct treatment concurrent with chemotherapy or radiotherapy | Decreases - dramatically decreased | radiochemotherapy-related side effects including thrombocytopenia | Human | solid tumor cancer patients | 20 mg orally, once a day. | The efficacy and safety of melatonin in concurrent chemotherapy or radiotherapy for solid tumors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 105× |
| melatonin as an adjuvant therapy for cancer | Decreases - led to substantial improvements | alleviation of radiochemotherapy-related side effects | Human | solid tumor cancer patients | 20 mg orally, once a day. | The efficacy and safety of melatonin in concurrent chemotherapy or radiotherapy for solid tumors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 105× |
| nonselective MT1/melatonin receptor subtype melatonin receptor 1b (MT2) antagonist | Increases - reversed | negative effects of melatonin on milk fat synthesis | AnimalMolecular | bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) | — | Melatonin suppresses milk fat synthesis by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway via the MT1 receptor in bovine mammary epithelial cells. |
| Melatonin in the presence of DH97 | No effect - effects were abolished | anti-hyperalgesic effects | Animal | NTG-induced migraine rats | — | Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. |
| Melatonin in the presence of DH97 and prazosin | No effect - canceled the effects | anti-hyperalgesic effects | Animal | NTG-induced migraine rats | — | Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. |
| Melatonin in the presence of prazosin | No effect - did not reverse the effects | anti-hyperalgesic effects | Animal | NTG-induced migraine rats | — | Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. |
| Melatonin in the presence of luzindole | No effect - effects were abolished | anti-hyperalgesic effects | Animal | NTG-induced migraine rats | — | Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. |
| Melatonin in the presence of luzindole and prazosin | No effect - canceled the effects | anti-hyperalgesic effects | Animal | NTG-induced migraine rats | — | Proposed receptor-mediated mechanisms of melatonin in nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like hyperalgesic conditions in rats. |
| melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole | No effect - abolished | effects of melatonin | AnimalMolecular | mice | — | Alleviation of inflammation in paraventricular nucleus and sympathetic outflow by melatonin efficiently repairs endplate porosities and attenuates spinal hyperalgesia. |
| addition of melatonin to atypical antipsychotics | Decreases - led to a reduction | some of the metabolic effects of these drugs | Human | patients aged 18-64 years old treated with second-generation antipsychotics for the first time | 3mg slow-release melatonin, administered at 8 p.m. | Effect of melatonin in reducing second-generation antipsychotic metabolic effects: A double blind controlled clinical trial.cited 26× |
| melatonin MT1 receptors | No effect - mediate | the circadian effects of the hormone | Animal | — | — | Mice lacking melatonin MT2 receptors exhibit attentional deficits, anxiety and enhanced social interaction. |
| hydrodispersible PEA (1,200 mg) and melatonin (0.2 mg) (PEATONIDE®) | No effect - No adverse effects were observed | adverse effects | Human | patients with migraine | 1,200 mg PEA and 0.2 mg melatonin. | Fixed combination of palmitoylethanolamide and melatonin in preventive therapy of migraine: results from a randomized clinical trial. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - exhibiting | anti-apoptotic effects | Animal | male rats | — | The effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 in acrylamide-induced lung injury in rats. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - exhibiting | anti-inflammatory effects | Animal | male rats | — | The effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 in acrylamide-induced lung injury in rats. |
| melatonin treatment | Increases - exhibiting | antioxidant effects | Animal | male rats | — | The effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 in acrylamide-induced lung injury in rats. |
| Melatonin treatment | Decreases - downregulated the effects of the OST medium | effects of the OST medium | Animal | porcine VICs | — | Melatonin Inhibits NF-κB/CREB/Runx2 Signaling and Alleviates Aortic Valve Calcification. |
| melatonin treatment | No effect - remained | effects on behavior problems | Human | children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset | Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). | Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress.cited 15× |
| melatonin treatment | No effect - remained | effects on parenting stress | Human | children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset | Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). | Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress.cited 15× |
| concomitant administration of melatonin with other conventional chemotherapy agents | Decreases - had beneficial effects | unfavorable effects of those agents | Human | patients with breast cancer | Not specified | Melatonin, an inhibitory agent in breast cancer.cited 68× |
| Oral melatonin | No effect - not clear whether its use produces | adverse effects | Human | — | Not specified | Is melatonin useful for jet lag?cited 3× |
| oral melatonin | No effect - No adverse effects | adverse effects | Human | healthy volunteers | 20, 30, 50, and 100 mg oral doses. | Melatonin as a potential therapy for sepsis: a phase I dose escalation study and an ex vivo whole blood model under conditions of sepsis.cited 121× |
| oral melatonin | No effect - serious side effects reported | serious side effects | Human | children aged six to 50 months with recurrent simple febrile seizures | 0.3 mg/kg every 8 hours. | Comparison Between Efficacy of Melatonin and Diazepam for Prevention of Recurrent Simple Febrile Seizures: A Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 6× |
| melatonin supplementation during periods of heightened nicotine cravings | Decreases - reduce | reinforcing effects of nicotine | Human | — | Not specified | Exploring the association between melatonin and nicotine dependence (Review).cited 1× |
| melatonin 3 mg | Increases - were observed in two patients (6.7%) | side effects | Human | patients with episodic migraine | 3 mg melatonin daily. | The Effect of Melatonin on Reducing the Frequency and Severity of Migraine Attacks: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.cited 3× |
| Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) | No effect - has generally been well tolerated with | 'hangover' effects | Human | insomnia patients aged 55 years and older | 2 mg once daily. | Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia.cited 77× |
| Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) | No effect - has generally been well tolerated with | rebound effects | Human | insomnia patients aged 55 years and older | 2 mg once daily. | Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia.cited 77× |
| Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) | No effect - has generally been well tolerated with | withdrawal effects | Human | insomnia patients aged 55 years and older | 2 mg once daily. | Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia.cited 77× |
| treatment with luzindole, an antagonist of nonspecific melatonin receptors 1 (MT1) and 2 (MT2), and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetraline (4P-PDOT), a selective MT2 antagonist | Decreases - reversed | positive effects of melatonin on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and redox status | Animal | bovine intramuscular preadipocytes (BIPs) | — | Melatonin promotes triacylglycerol accumulation via MT2 receptor during differentiation in bovine intramuscular preadipocytes. |
| pretreatment with MT2 melatonin receptor antagonists (4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin (4P-PDOT) and luzindole) | Decreases - reversed | protective effects of melatonin | Animal | stroke mice | — | Melatonin ameliorates neural function by promoting endogenous neurogenesis through the MT2 melatonin receptor in ischemic-stroke mice. |
| concurrent supplementation with melatonin | Decreases - counteracted | effects of pinealectomy on gastric lesions | Human | — | Not specified. | Mechanisms of esophageal protection, gastroprotection and ulcer healing by melatonin. implications for the therapeutic use of melatonin in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease. |
| concurrent supplementation with melatonin | Decreases - counteracted | effects of pinealectomy on gastric lesions | Human | — | Not specified. | Mechanisms of esophageal protection, gastroprotection and ulcer healing by melatonin. implications for the therapeutic use of melatonin in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease. |
| exogenously administered melatonin | Decreases - seems to attenuate | effects derived from physical exercise | Human | professional football players | 5-8 mg | The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Professional Football Player Performance: A Systematic Review.cited 6× |
| icv injection of a melatonin receptor (MT) antagonist | Decreases - suppressed | effects of melatonin on hepatic gluconeogenesis and hypothalamic Akt phosphorylation | HumanAnimal | Male Wistar rats | — | Melatonin acts through MT1/MT2 receptors to activate hypothalamic Akt and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis in rats. |
| Apigenin (APG) and Melatonin (MEL) in combination with nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) | Decreases - reducing | adverse effects | AnimalMolecular | — | Not specified in the abstract. | Combination of Apigenin and Melatonin with nanostructured lipid carriers as anti-inflammatory ocular treatment. |
| exogenous melatonin supplementation | No effect - causes | the number of side effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases.cited 15× |
| loss of astrocyte melatonin | Increases - prevents the autocrine and paracrine effects of melatonin | amyloid-β levels and effects | Human | — | Not specified | A More Holistic Perspective of Alzheimer's Disease: Roles of Gut Microbiome, Adipocytes, HPA Axis, Melatonergic Pathway and Astrocyte Mitochondria in the Emergence of Autoimmunity.cited 7× |
| long-term melatonin therapy | No effect - No significant toxicity or treatment-related side effects | toxicity or side effects | Human | children and adults | Not specified | Potential utility of melatonin as an antioxidant during pregnancy and in the perinatal period.cited 53× |
| Prazosin (1 mg/kg b.w.) prior to melatonin | No effect - did not significantly change | melatonin's effects | Animal | male Wistar rats | — | Rat pial microvascular responses to melatonin during bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion. |
| oral melatonin 5 mg nightly for five nights | No effect - no adverse effects occurred | adverse effects | Human | — | 5 mg nightly | Results from a double blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, feasibility trial of melatonin for the treatment of delirium in older medical inpatients.cited 9× |
| Pediatric-appropriate prolonged-release melatonin (Ped-PRM) | No effect - no evidence of | withdrawal effects | Human | — | — | Assessing the potential for drug interactions and long term safety of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorder.cited 6× |
| large intake of plant foodstuffs rich in bioactive phytochemicals, such as melatonin | No effect - attributed to | health-promoting effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin in traditional Mediterranean diets.cited 82× |
| pharmacological melatonin receptor blockade | Increases - reversed | effects of melatonin on β-amyloid (Aβ) synthesis and fibril formation | HumanAnimal | — | — | Melatonin Receptor as a Drug Target for Neuroprotection. |
| Melatonin and its analogs | Increases - has been shown to have multiple pleiotropic effects | multiple pleiotropic effects | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin based therapies for delirium and dementia.cited 12× |
| resveratrol and melatonin | No effect - did not provide conclusive evidence of geroprotective effects | geroprotective effects | Animal | ageing rats | Not specified | The Impact of Resveratrol and Melatonin on the Genome and Oxidative Status in Ageing Rats. |
| 3 mg oral melatonin | No effect - without any significant adverse effects | adverse effects | Human | breast cancer survivors | 3 mg oral melatonin daily | A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes.cited 88× |
| oral melatonin administration | No effect - was not associated with adverse maternal or fetal effects | adverse maternal or fetal effects | HumanAnimal | women with an IUGR fetus | Not specified (intravenous infusion in sheep, oral administration in humans). | Antenatal antioxidant treatment with melatonin to decrease newborn neurodevelopmental deficits and brain injury caused by fetal growth restriction.cited 126× |
| high dose melatonin (60 mg/day) | No effect - well-tolerated without any reported side effects | side effects | Human | patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery | 60 mg/day melatonin capsules. | Melatonin ameliorates inflammation and improves outcomes of ischemia/reperfusion injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a randomized placebo-controlled study.cited 1× |
| 20 mg Melatonin | No effect - No adverse effects were observed | adverse effects | Human | women with endometriosis and severe dysmenorrhea with or without chronic pelvic pain | 20 mg orally daily | Adjuvant use of melatonin for pain management in endometriosis-associated pelvic pain-A randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.cited 9× |