66
76
3
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Evidence suggests Melatonin maydecreaseApoptosis.
123 studies (145 claims)
Emerging evidence
Typical effective dose 35 (27.5–42.5) mgacross 2 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| host treatment with melatonin and graft incubation with HA-rich biological glue plus VEGF-A and vitamin E (Group G) | Decreases - specifically low | apoptosis | HumanAnimal | human ovarian tissue grafts in immunodeficient mice | Not specified | Possible improvements in human ovarian grafting by various host and graft treatments.cited 91× |
| host treatment with melatonin | Decreases - significantly lower | apoptosis | HumanAnimal | human ovarian tissue grafts in immunodeficient mice | Not specified | Possible improvements in human ovarian grafting by various host and graft treatments.cited 91× |
| melatonin administration | Decreases - reducing | cellular apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | A new prospective on the role of melatonin in diabetes and its complications.cited 22× |
| melatonin and AD-MSCs | Decreases - decreased | apoptosis rate | Animal | rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury | Not specified | The Effect of Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Melatonin in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.cited 1× |
| high doses of melatonin | Decreases - beneficial for inhibiting | apoptosis and liver damage | HumanAnimalMolecular | — | High doses (specific amounts not stated) and melatonin antagonist luzindole used. | Malaria: therapeutic implications of melatonin.cited 43× |
| melatonin | Increases - upregulation of | anti-apoptosis genes | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can it be Used as a Radiation Countermeasure?cited 19× |
| melatonin | Decreases - inhibiting | pro-apoptosis | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Mechanisms for Radioprotection by Melatonin; Can it be Used as a Radiation Countermeasure?cited 19× |
| melatonin | Increases - exerts its physiological and pathological functions through | anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis and anti-ageing properties | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin as a promising agent of regulating stem cell biology and its application in disease therapy.cited 31× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulation | apoptosis | Human | experimental models of colitis | Not specified | Melatonin, autophagy and intestinal bowel disease.cited 15× |
| melatonin | Decreases - leads to inhibition | apoptosis | Human | PD | Not specified | Melatonin and Parkinson Disease: Current Status and Future Perspectives for Molecular Mechanisms.cited 47× |
| melatonin (MLT) | Increases - causing | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin and cisplatin co-treatment against cancer: A mechanistic review of their synergistic effects and melatonin's protective actions.cited 2× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - preventing | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin in septic shock: some recent concepts.cited 64× |
| melatonin | Increases - promotes apoptosis | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | Ramos (Epstein-Barr virus-negative BL), SU-DHL-4 (diffuse large B cell lymphoma), DoHH2 (follicular B non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and JURKAT (acute T cell leukaemia) cell lines | Not specified | Melatonin inhibits cell proliferation and induces caspase activation and apoptosis in human malignant lymphoid cell lines. |
| melatonin | Increases - promotes apoptosis | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | Ramos (Epstein-Barr virus-negative BL), SU-DHL-4 (diffuse large B cell lymphoma), DoHH2 (follicular B non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and JURKAT (acute T cell leukaemia) cell lines | Not specified | Melatonin inhibits cell proliferation and induces caspase activation and apoptosis in human malignant lymphoid cell lines. |
| melatonin | Increases - promotes | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | most tumor cells | Not specified | Melatonin, a natural programmed cell death inducer in cancer.cited 52× |
| melatonin | Decreases - limited | apoptosis | Human | animal models of CKD | Not specified | Melatonin and renal protection: novel perspectives from animal experiments and human studies (review).cited 35× |
| melatonin | Decreases - decrease | apoptosis | Animal | — | Not specified | Protective actions of melatonin and growth hormone on the aged cardiovascular system.cited 22× |
| melatonin | Decreases - may be potential agents for counteracting | apoptosis | Animal | aging heart | Not specified | Protective actions of melatonin and growth hormone on the aged cardiovascular system.cited 22× |
| melatonin | Increases - promotion of | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin as a treatment for gastrointestinal cancer: a review.cited 77× |
| melatonin | Increases - able to induce | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin, an inhibitory agent in breast cancer.cited 68× |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulation | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer. |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulation | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer. |
| melatonin (MLT) | Increases - exhibits multi-targeted anticancer effects | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | numerous human malignancies | Not specified | Melatonin as a Pleiotropic Molecule with Therapeutic Potential for Type 2 Diabetes and Cancer.cited 7× |
| melatonin | Increases - helpful in promoting | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | cancer-cell | Not specified | Mitochondrial functions and melatonin: a tour of the reproductive cancers.cited 39× |
| melatonin | Increases - has apoptosis induction characteristics through regulating signaling pathways | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Potential use of melatonin in skin cancer treatment: A review of current biological evidence.cited 32× |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulation of | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin is a potential inhibitor of ovarian cancer: molecular aspects.cited 26× |
| Melatonin | Increases - facilitate | apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified. | Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review.cited 94× |
| melatonin | Increases - induction of | apoptosis | Human | colorectal cancers | Not specified | Melatonin: An important anticancer agent in colorectal cancer.cited 24× |
| Melatonin | Increases - has significant apoptotic effects | apoptosis | Molecular | various oncological cells | Not specified | Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. |
| Melatonin | Increases - has significant apoptotic effects | apoptosis | Molecular | various oncological cells | Not specified | Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. |
| Melatonin | Increases - stimulation of apoptosis | apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. |
| Melatonin | Increases - stimulation of apoptosis | apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. |
| melatonin | Increases - favors in activating | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Therapeutic Opportunities in Colorectal Cancer: Focus on Melatonin Antioncogenic Action.cited 20× |
| melatonin | Increases - has been sparingly investigated to counteract | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | osteosarcoma cell lines | Not specified | Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma.cited 35× |
| melatonin | Increases - evoked induction of apoptosis | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | osteosarcoma models | Not specified | Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma.cited 35× |
| melatonin | Increases - causes them to more readily undergo | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | cancer cells | Not mentioned | Melatonin inhibits Warburg-dependent cancer by redirecting glucose oxidation to the mitochondria: a mechanistic hypothesis.cited 49× |
| melatonin | Increases - induces | apoptosis | Molecular | — | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | Increases - induces | apoptosis | Molecular | — | — | Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. |
| melatonin | Increases - inducing apoptosis | apoptosis | Human | — | — | Melatonin and 5-fluorouracil combination chemotherapy: opportunities and efficacy in cancer therapy.cited 36× |
| melatonin | Increases - induction of apoptosis | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Unveiling the Protective Role of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma: Current Knowledge and Limitations.cited 7× |
| melatonin | Decreases - demonstrated protective effects | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Unveiling the Protective Roles of Melatonin on Glial Cells in the Battle Against Alzheimer's Disease-Insights from In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. |
| melatonin | Increases - inducing | apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | ER-positive canine mammary tumors | — | Evaluation of melatonin treatment in primary culture of canine mammary tumors. |
| melatonin | Increases - induced | apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | canine mammary tumors | — | Evaluation of melatonin treatment in primary culture of canine mammary tumors. |
| melatonin | Decreases - effectively reversed | apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | young male Sprague-Dawley rats | — | Melatonin Alleviates Liver Apoptosis in Bile Duct Ligation Young Rats. |
| melatonin | Decreases - exerted its effect | apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | HepG2 cells | — | Melatonin Alleviates Liver Apoptosis in Bile Duct Ligation Young Rats. |
| melatonin (20 mg/kg body weight) | Decreases - reduced | apoptosis | Animal | mice | — | Melatonin protects against cisplatin-induced ovarian damage in mice via the MT1 receptor and antioxidant activity. |
| melatonin | Increases - induced significant apoptosis | apoptosis | Molecular | TSCC cell line Cal27 | — | Inhibiting MT2-TFE3-dependent autophagy enhances melatonin-induced apoptosis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. |
| melatonin | Decreases - upregulation of E26 oncogene homolog 1 (ETS1) contributed to the antiapoptotic effect | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | hyperoxia-exposed A549 cells | — | Melatonin Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Apoptosis in Alveolar Epithelial type II Cells by Activating the MT2/PI3K/AKT/ETS1 Signaling Pathway. |
| melatonin | Decreases - inhibited | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | hyperoxia-exposed A549 cells | — | Melatonin Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Apoptosis in Alveolar Epithelial type II Cells by Activating the MT2/PI3K/AKT/ETS1 Signaling Pathway. |
| melatonin | Decreases - prevented | hyperoxia-induced apoptosis | HumanMolecular | human alveolar epithelial type II A549 cells | — | Melatonin Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Apoptosis in Alveolar Epithelial type II Cells by Activating the MT2/PI3K/AKT/ETS1 Signaling Pathway. |
| melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) siRNA | Increases - reversed | inhibition of apoptosis | HumanMolecular | hyperoxia-exposed A549 cells | — | Melatonin Protects Against Hyperoxia-Induced Apoptosis in Alveolar Epithelial type II Cells by Activating the MT2/PI3K/AKT/ETS1 Signaling Pathway. |
| Melatonin | Increases - enhanced | apoptosis | HumanAnimalMolecular | cancer cells | — | Quantum mechanics insights into melatonin and analogs binding to melatonin MT |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduces | apoptosis | Human | critically ill patients | Not mentioned | Oxidative stress in sepsis: Pathophysiological implications justifying antioxidant co-therapy.cited 159× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduction of | apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress in diverse pathophysiological contexts: A comprehensive mechanistic review.cited 5× |
| melatonin | Increases - induction | apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin in Cancer Treatment: Current Knowledge and Future Opportunities.cited 117× |
| Melatonin | Increases - promoting | apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified | Melatonin as a Promising Agent for Cancer Treatment: Insights into its Effects on the Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling Pathway.cited 3× |
| melatonin | Increases - induce | apoptosis | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin for gastric cancer treatment: where do we stand? |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | apoptosis and autophagy | Molecular | cancer cells | Not specified | Melatonin and endoplasmic reticulum stress: relation to autophagy and apoptosis.cited 391× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | apoptosis and autophagy | Molecular | neurodegeneration | Not specified | Melatonin and endoplasmic reticulum stress: relation to autophagy and apoptosis.cited 391× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | apoptosis and autophagy | Molecular | development of liver diseases | Not specified | Melatonin and endoplasmic reticulum stress: relation to autophagy and apoptosis.cited 391× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | apoptosis and autophagy | Molecular | other pathologies | Not specified | Melatonin and endoplasmic reticulum stress: relation to autophagy and apoptosis.cited 391× |
| melatonin | Increases - induced | apoptosis and autophagy cell death progression | HumanAnimalMolecular | ELT3 cells | — | Melatonin activates cell death programs for the suppression of uterine leiomyoma cell proliferation. |
| melatonin | No effect - did not further promote | apoptosis program activation | HumanAnimalMolecular | — | — | Melatonin activates cell death programs for the suppression of uterine leiomyoma cell proliferation. |
| melatonin | Decreases - mitigates | apoptosis in acrylamide-induced lung injury | Animal | rats | — | The effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and Nrf2/HO-1 in acrylamide-induced lung injury in rats. |
| melatonin | Decreases - blocks | apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and caspase activation | Animal | rats and mice | — | A systematic review on the role of melatonin and its mechanisms on diabetes-related reproductive impairment in non-clinical studies.cited 9× |
| Melatonin (1 μM) | Decreases - significantly inhibited | apoptosis induced by the recombinant protein (r) VvhA | HumanMolecular | human intestinal epithelial (HCT116) cells | — | Melatonin inhibits apoptotic cell death induced by Vibrio vulnificus VvhA via melatonin receptor 2 coupling with NCF-1. |
| melatonin | Increases - control of | apoptosis in lung cancer | Human | — | — | Potential role of melatonin in prevention and treatment of lung cancer.cited 5× |
| melatonin | Increases - stimulate | apoptosis in malignant cells | Human | — | 20 mg (4 tablets of 5 mg) taken at 10 pm daily. | Adjuvant melatonin for uveal melanoma (AMUM): protocol for a randomized open-label phase III study.cited 2× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - implicating antiapoptotic function | apoptosis in normal cells | HumanMolecular | normal cells | Not specified | Can melatonin help us in radiation oncology treatments?cited 22× |
| melatonin | Decreases - suppressed | apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Melatonin alleviates lung injury in H1N1-infected mice by mast cell inactivation and cytokine storm suppression. |
| melatonin | Decreases - could prevent | apoptosis of porcine granulosa cells during follicular atresia | AnimalMolecular | porcine granulosa cells | — | Effects of melatonin on follicular atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis in the porcine. |
| melatonin | Decreases - remarkably blocked | spontaneous apoptosis of granulosa cells | AnimalMolecular | porcine granulosa cells from medium-sized (3-5 mm), healthy follicles | — | Effects of melatonin on follicular atresia and granulosa cell apoptosis in the porcine. |
| melatonin | Decreases - inhibits | apoptosis of SEECs | AnimalMolecular | sheep endometrial epithelial cells (SEECs) | — | The effect of melatonin on sheep endometrial epithelial cell apoptosis through the receptor and non-receptor pathways. |
| melatonin | Decreases - to decrease | apoptosis of UCB-MSCs | Animal | — | — | Melatonin activates ABCA1 via the BiP/NRF1 pathway to suppress high-cholesterol-induced apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - reduced | cholesterol-induced apoptosis | Animal | UCB-MSCs | — | Melatonin activates ABCA1 via the BiP/NRF1 pathway to suppress high-cholesterol-induced apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells. |
| melatonin | Decreases - deferring | apoptosis of villous cytotrophoblasts | Human | placenta | Not specified | Clinical relevance of melatonin in ovarian and placental physiology: a review.cited 63× |
| melatonin | No effect - modulates | apoptosis pathways | Human | — | Not specified | Oxidative/nitrosative stress, autophagy and apoptosis as therapeutic targets of melatonin in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.cited 67× |
| Melatonin | Decreases - inhibits | apoptosis resistance | HumanMolecular | human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | Not specified | Human hepatocellular carcinoma: Protection by melatonin.cited 56× |
| Melatonin | Increases - induces | ensoplasmic reticulum (ER)- and autophagy-mediated apoptosis | HumanMolecular | cancer cells | Not specified | Human hepatocellular carcinoma: Protection by melatonin.cited 56× |
| Melatonin | Increases - activates | extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis | HumanMolecular | human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) | Not specified | Human hepatocellular carcinoma: Protection by melatonin.cited 56× |
| melatonin | Increases - apoptotic induction | cancer cell apoptosis | Molecular | — | Not specified | Molecular targets for the management of gastrointestinal cancer using melatonin, a natural endogenous body hormone.cited 6× |
| melatonin | Decreases - decreasing | cell apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | ZEA-exposed mouse embryos | Not specified | Melatonin mediates the BMP4/MAPK signaling pathway to alleviate zearalenone-induced abnormal embryonic development in mice. |
| Melatonin (Mel) | Increases - promoting | cell apoptosis | Molecular | HL cells | — | Melatonin triggers autophagic cell death by regulating RORC in Hodgkin lymphoma. |
| melatonin | Increases - significantly promoted | cell apoptosis | Molecular | keloid fibroblasts (KFs) | — | Melatonin influences the biological characteristics of keloid fibroblasts through the Erk and Smad signalling pathways. |
| the combination of melatonin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) | Increases - remarkably promoted | cell apoptosis | Molecular | keloid fibroblasts (KFs) | — | Melatonin influences the biological characteristics of keloid fibroblasts through the Erk and Smad signalling pathways. |
| melatonin | Decreases - suppressed | cell apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | bovine granulosa cells | — | Melatonin suppresses apoptosis and stimulates progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells via its receptors (MT1 and MT2). |
| melatonin | No effect - regulates | cell autophagy and apoptosis | Human | diabetic patients | Not specified | New insights into the role of melatonin in diabetic cardiomyopathy.cited 14× |
| melatonin | Increases - strongly enhances | chemotherapeutic-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis | HumanMolecular | human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells and cervical cancer HeLa cells | — | Participation of MT3 melatonin receptors in the synergistic effect of melatonin on cytotoxic and apoptotic actions evoked by chemotherapeutics. |
| melatonin | Decreases - prevent | cisplatin-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells | HumanAnimalMolecular | — | — | Activation of MT1/MT2 to Protect Testes and Leydig Cells against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress through the SIRT1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. |
| melatonin (10-7 M) | Increases - upregulated | expression of Nrf2/ARE signaling and apoptosis-related genes (MT2, NRF2, UCHL, HO-1, SOD1 and BCL-2) | AnimalMolecular | porcine embryo | — | Melatonin enhances porcine embryo development via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. |
| melatonin | Decreases - possesses strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic properties | inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis | Human | — | — | Melatonin and the Brain-Heart Crosstalk in Neurocritically Ill Patients-From Molecular Action to Clinical Practice.cited 8× |
| melatonin | Increases - induction | mitochondrial apoptosis | Molecular | cancer cells | Not specified. | Melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in the regulation of mitochondrial function and apoptosis: The basis for future medical approaches.cited 12× |
| melatonin (MEL) | Decreases - reduced | myocardial apoptosis | Animal | rats | — | The vascular influence of melatonin on endothelial response to angiotensin II in diabetic rat aorta. |
| melatonin | Decreases - controls | oxidative stress and apoptosis | HumanMolecular | myocardial tissue | — | Cellular signalling of melatonin and its role in metabolic disorders. |
| Melatonin | Decreases - has been effectively used to combat | oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular apoptosis | Human | human trials | Not specified | Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers.cited 1,080× |
| melatonin | Increases - activation of | pro-apoptosis gene, such as p53 | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Melatonin as an adjuvant in radiotherapy for radioprotection and radiosensitization.cited 84× |
| melatonin | Decreases - reduced | pro-apoptosis markers (Bax, Bak, P-JNK, cleaved caspase 3 and 9) | Animal | ZDF rats | — | Melatonin Ameliorates Organellar Calcium Homeostasis, Improving Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in the Vastus Lateralis Muscle of Both Sexes of Obese Diabetic Rats. |
| melatonin | No effect - affecting | programmed cell death such as apoptosis and autophagy | Molecular | retinal cells | Not specified | Melatonin and retinal cell damage: molecular and biological functions. |
| melatonin | Increases - enhanced responsiveness to cell death-associated mechanisms | responsiveness to apoptosis and autophagy | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Does the use of melatonin overcome drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy?cited 36× |
| melatonin | Decreases - inhibited | TNF-α-/CHX-evoked leucocyte apoptosis | Human | human leucocytes | — | The inhibition of TNF-α-induced leucocyte apoptosis by melatonin involves membrane receptor MT1/MT2 interaction. |
| melatonin | Increases - increase the sensitivity | TRAIL-induced apoptosis | HumanMolecular | human glioma cells | Not specified | Melatonin as a proteasome inhibitor. Is there any clinical evidence?cited 53× |
| melatonin | Increases - induction | tumor apoptosis | Human | — | Not specified. | The potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on breast cancer: An invasion and metastasis inhibitor.cited 28× |
| trifluoperazine, loxapine, lithium, desipramine, nortriptyline, maprotiline, cyproheptadine, melatonin | Decreases - downregulated | apoptosis | Animal | HD preclinical models | Not specified | Neuroprotective effects of psychotropic drugs in Huntington's disease.cited 46× |
| Pretreatment with melatonin (10 mg/kg) | Decreases - Reduction in | apoptosis | Animal | prediabetic obese rats | — | Therapeutic potential of a single-dose melatonin in the attenuation of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in prediabetic obese rats. |
| melatonin + L-carnitine | Decreases - the lowest apoptosis rate belonged to | apoptosis rate | Animal | NMRI mice | Not specified | Effects of combination of melatonin and L-carnitine on in vitro maturation in mouse oocytes: An experimental study. |
| melatonin + L-carnitine | Decreases - the lowest apoptosis rate belonged to | apoptosis rate | Animal | NMRI mice | Not specified | Effects of combination of melatonin and L-carnitine on in vitro maturation in mouse oocytes: An experimental study. |
| melatonin type 2 receptor agonist IIK-7 | Decreases - suppression of | proteins involved in inflammation and apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | — | — | Melatonin MT2 receptor agonist IIK-7 produces antinociception by modulation of ROS and suppression of spinal microglial activation in neuropathic pain rats. |
| melatonin-coated lactoferrin-chitosan nanoparticles (ETP-CS-LF-MLT-NPs) | Increases - inducing | apoptosis | HumanAnimalMolecular | HCT116 cells | Not specified in the abstract. | Fabrication of lactoferrin-chitosan-etoposide nanoparticles with melatonin via carbodiimide coupling: In-vitro & in-vivo evaluation for colon cancer.cited 2× |
| 10(-9) m melatonin | Decreases - was lower | expression of the apoptosis-related genes p53 and p21 | AnimalMolecular | group treated during early stage of reprogramming | — | Melatonin improves the reprogramming efficiency of murine-induced pluripotent stem cells using a secondary inducible system. |
| melatonin treatment (HFD-Mi + M) | Decreases - significantly reduced | apoptosis | Animal | — | Not specified | Prenatal melatonin reprograms liver injury in male pups caused by maternal exposure to a high-fat diet and microplastics. |
| Melatonin treatment | Increases - led to an increased level of | apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) | Molecular | — | — | Melatonin Inhibits OGD/R-Induced H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via Regulation of MT2/miR-155/FOXO3a/ARC Axis. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - decreased | chondrocyte apoptosis | Animal | Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats | — | Melatonin ameliorates osteoarthritis rat cartilage injury by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - alleviated | heat stress-induced oxidative apoptosis and proliferation inhibition | AnimalMolecular | GC-2spd (ts) spermatocyte cell line model | Not specified. | Melatonin Ameliorates Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Apoptosis in Mouse Spermatocytes via Autophagy and Ferroptosis Pathways. |
| melatonin intervention | Decreases - suppressed | germ cell apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | murine heat stress model | Not specified. | Melatonin Ameliorates Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Apoptosis in Mouse Spermatocytes via Autophagy and Ferroptosis Pathways. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - inhibited | myocardial apoptosis | Animal | mice exposed to MI/R injury | — | Activation of melatonin receptor 2 but not melatonin receptor 1 mediates melatonin-conferred cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. |
| melatonin treatment | Decreases - reduced | oxidative damage and apoptosis | Animal | Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats and high-glucose medium-incubated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts | — | Melatonin protects diabetic heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury, role of membrane receptor-dependent cGMP-PKG activation. |
| Melatonin used at high doses | Increases - activating | mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis | Molecular | pancreatic carcinoma cell line (PANC-1) | High doses (specific amounts not stated) for pro-apoptotic effects; low doses for anti-apoptotic effects. | Melatonin influences pancreatic cancerogenesis.cited 18× |
| long-term melatonin administration after heat stress | Increases - accelerated | germ cell apoptosis | AnimalMolecular | 8-week-old male CD-1 mice | 50 mg/kg for 5 days (pretreatment) | Prolonged melatonin treatment promote testicular recovery by enhancing RAC1-mediated apoptotic cell clearance and cell junction-dependent spermatogensis after heat stress.cited 13× |
| Knockout of both melatonin receptors type 1A (MT1) and 1B (MT2) | Increases - exacerbated | apoptosis levels | Animal | aging mice | — | Melatonin alleviates aging-related heart failure through melatonin receptor 1A/B knockout in mice. |
| melatonin supplementation | Decreases - suppressed | apoptosis | Molecular | cultured buffalo granulosa cells (GCs) | — | Effect of melatonin on regulation of apoptosis and steroidogenesis in cultured buffalo granulosa cells. |
| melatonin supplementation | Decreases - normalized | apoptosis | Animal | DSS-treated mice | — | Melatonin-mediated MT2 attenuates colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate via PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/SIRT1/RORα/NF-κB signaling pathways. |
| melatonin supplementation | Decreases - significantly decreased | apoptosis index | Animal | porcine embryos | — | Melatonin reduces two-cell block via nonreceptor pathway in mice. |
| melatonin signaling | Increases - appears to be crucial in both the generation and timing | proliferation and apoptosis | Animal | adult murine neuroendocrine system | — | Impact of Melatonin on Zeitgeber Time-Dependent Changes in Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in the Adult Murine Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal System. |
| melatonin signaling | Increases - appears to be crucial in both the generation and timing | proliferation and apoptosis | Animal | melatonin-proficient mice with functional MTs | — | Impact of Melatonin on Zeitgeber Time-Dependent Changes in Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in the Adult Murine Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal System. |
| melatonin therapy | Decreases - alleviation | apoptosis | Human | preclinical studies | Not specified | Role of melatonin in Alzheimer's disease: From preclinical studies to novel melatonin-based therapies.cited 42× |
| combined administration of NMN and melatonin | Decreases - decreasing | apoptosis | Animal | aged Wistar rats | — | Nicotinamide mononucleotide and melatonin counteract myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating SIRT3/FOXO1 and reducing apoptosis in aged male rats. |
| melatonin pretreatment | Decreases - decreased | cell apoptosis | Molecular | H9c2 cells after A/R injury | — | Melatonin Attenuates Anoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Inhibiting Excessive Mitophagy Through the MT2/SIRT3/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway in H9c2 Cells. |
| melatonin receptor (MT)-mediated signaling | No effect - regulated | ZT-dependent changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis | Animal | adult hippocampus and hypothalamic-hypophyseal system | — | Differential Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis by Melatonin Receptor Subtype-Signaling in the Adult Murine Brain. |