2
1
↑2
↓0
—1
Evidence suggests Smoking mayincreaseApoptosis.
2 studies (3 claims)
Emerging evidence
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cigarette smoking extract (CSE) | Increases - induced | apoptosis | HumanAnimalMolecular | human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) | Different concentrations of CSE (specific amounts not stated). | Cigarette smoking extract induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in HUVECs via the Sirt1-SHH axis. |
| passive cigarette smoking | No effect - there were no signs | apoptosis in the nucleus pulposus or annulus fibrosus cells | Animal | rats | — | Detection of apoptosis and matrical degeneration within the intervertebral discs of rats due to passive cigarette smoking. |
| passive cigarette smoking | Increases - was increased significantly | potential for apoptosis in the cartilage end-plate | Animal | rats | — | Detection of apoptosis and matrical degeneration within the intervertebral discs of rats due to passive cigarette smoking. |