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Evidence suggests Ketamine maydecreaseDepression.
37 studies (51 claims)
Moderate consensus
Typical effective dose 0.5 (0.5–0.5) mgacross 3 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ketamine and its enantiomers, S-ketamine and R-ketamine | No effect - have recently received increasing attention as potential options | depression | Human | — | Not specified | Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants. |
| ketamine and its enantiomers, S-ketamine and R-ketamine | Decreases - potent and effective antidepressant properties | depression | Human | — | Not specified | Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants. |
| ketamine and its enantiomers | Decreases - growing relevance for mood complications | mood complications linked to emerging viral infections, including depression | Human | — | Not specified | Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants. |
| ketamine and its enantiomers | Decreases - current clinical evidence demonstrating their effectiveness and safety | treatment-resistant depression | Human | — | Not specified | Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants. |
| ketamine- and (S, R)-ketamine-containing therapeutic protocols | Decreases - optimising the effectiveness | depression linked to emerging viral infections | Human | — | Not specified | Emerging Viral Infections (ZIKV, SARS-CoV-2, and MPXV) and Depression: Ketamine and (S, R)-Ketamine as Promising Antidepressants. |
| ketamine or esketamine treatment | No effect - did not improve | depression symptoms | Human | veterans with comorbid TBI and severe OSA | Not specified | Impact of Medical Comorbidities on Ketamine and Esketamine Treatment Effectiveness for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression: A Clinical Outcomes Analysis from the VA San Diego Healthcare System. |
| ketamine or esketamine treatment | Decreases - significantly correlated with reductions | depression symptom scores | Human | veterans | Not specified | Impact of Medical Comorbidities on Ketamine and Esketamine Treatment Effectiveness for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression: A Clinical Outcomes Analysis from the VA San Diego Healthcare System. |
| ketamine infusion (KET-IFU) | Decreases - had some short-term benefit | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | Not specified | Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood. |
| ketamine treatment | Decreases - may benefit | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patients with TRD with complex representations | Not specified | Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood. |
| compounded ketamine intranasal spray (COM-KET) | Decreases - had two-years stability | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | Not specified | Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood. |
| ketamine and esketamine | Increases - well-established in major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) as evidenced by improvement | clinician- and patient-reported depression measures | Human | persons diagnosed with MDD or TRD | Not specified | The Effects of Ketamine and Esketamine on Measures of Quality of Life in Major Depressive Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review. |
| methylphenidate or novel agents, such as ketamine or psilocybin | No effect - Existing evidence is inadequate to definitively recommend | cancer-related depression and pain | Human | patients with cancer pain and significant depression | Not specified | Depression and Long-Term Prescription Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder: Implications for Pain Management in Cancer.cited 15× |
| ketamine | Decreases - effective treatments | depression | Human | — | Not specified | Prediction of individual treatment allocation between electroconvulsive therapy or ketamine using the Personalized Advantage Index. |
| ketamine | Decreases - successful use | depression | Human | — | Not specified | Licit use of illicit drugs for treating depression: the pill and the process. |
| ketamine | Decreases - beneficial therapeutic effects | depression | HumanMolecular | — | Not specified | Ketamine, benzoate, and sarcosine for treating depression.cited 9× |
| Ketamine | Decreases - produces rapid antidepressant effects | depression | Animal | patients with treatment-resistant depression | Not specified (intraperitoneal administration). | Antidepressant-like effects of tomatidine and tomatine, steroidal alkaloids from unripe tomatoes, via activation of mTORC1 in the medial prefrontal cortex in lipopolysaccharide-induced depression model mice.cited 1× |
| ketamine | Decreases - reduction | depression | Human | patients with terminal illness | Not specified | Psychedelics for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and existential distress in patients with a terminal illness: a systematic review.cited 59× |
| ketamine | Decreases - established efficacy in treating | depression and acute suicidality | Human | — | Not specified | Ketamine Therapy in Complex Cases: A Cautionary Tale of Exacerbated Personality Traits and the Crucial Role of Comprehensive Follow-Up and Psychosocial Interventions. |
| ketamine | Decreases - emerged as a promising rapid-acting treatment | depression and PTSD | Human | help-seeking individuals | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine alone | No effect - found no significant differences in symptom trajectories | depression and PTSD symptoms | Human | help-seeking individuals | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine alone | Decreases - showed better outcomes | depression and PTSD symptoms | Human | older males | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine alone | Decreases - showed substantial improvement | depression symptoms | Human | help-seeking individuals | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine plus psychotherapy | No effect - found no significant differences in symptom trajectories | depression and PTSD symptoms | Human | help-seeking individuals | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine plus psychotherapy | Decreases - showed better outcomes | depression and PTSD symptoms | Human | younger females | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine plus psychotherapy | Decreases - showed substantial improvement | depression symptoms | Human | help-seeking individuals | Not specified | Combined ketamine and psychotherapy provide no additional benefit beyond ketamine alone in treating depression or PTSD: Evidence from a help-seeking sample. |
| ketamine | No effect - treatment of | depression and suicidality | Human | — | Not specified | Ketamine: An emerging agent in the management of neuropsychiatric disorders. |
| ketamine | No effect - dissociative and psychotomimetic effects were correlated with depression changes in 37.5% of studies | depression changes | Human | patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | Not specified | The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.cited 60× |
| ketamine | Decreases - significant negative correlations between increases in CADSS scores and depression scores | depression scores | Human | patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | Not specified | The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.cited 60× |
| ketamine | No effect - correlations between BPRS scores and depression scores | depression scores | Human | patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | Not specified | The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.cited 60× |
| ketamine | Decreases - may reduce depression rating scale scores | depression rating scale scores | Human | people with unipolar major depressive disorder | Not specified | Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with unipolar major depressive disorder.cited 60× |
| ketamine | Decreases - seemed to be more effective in reducing | depression rating scale scores | Human | people with bipolar disorder experiencing an acute bipolar depressive episode | Not specified | Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder.cited 24× |
| ketamine | No effect - did not show any better efficacy | remission in bipolar depression | Human | people with bipolar disorder experiencing an acute bipolar depressive episode | Not specified | Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder.cited 24× |
| ketamine | No effect - No significant difference was observed | depression symptom severity scores | Human | patients with major depressive disorder | Not specified in the abstract. | Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine Versus Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. |
| ketamine | Increases - has expanded its clinical use beyond anaesthesia to | pain management and treatment-resistant depression | Human | — | Not Assessed | Ketamine in insulin resistance: Pharmacokinetics, cardiovascular implications and cellular effects on cardiomyocytes. |
| ketamine | No effect - emerged as a novel treatment | psychiatric disorders, particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD) | Human | — | Not specified | Mapping the Use of Ketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression and Other Psychiatric Disorders: A Scoping Review of Practice Patterns, Efficacy, and Patient Demographic Trends. |
| ketamine | Increases - may cause | respiratory depression | Human | — | Low-dose mentioned (specific amount not provided). | Neurobiological Mechanisms of Ketamine Use, its Addiction, and Withdrawal: A Mini Review. |
| ketamine | Decreases - significantly effective in reducing the incidence | short-term postpartum depression | Human | pregnant women | Doses less than 0.5 mg were noted as significantly effective. | Efficacy and safety of ketamine and esketamine in reducing the incidence of postpartum depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| ketamine | Decreases - exploring alternative treatments that include ketamine as a prophylactic | stress-induced disorders, including depression, anxiety, PTSD, and postpartum depression | Human | — | Not specified | PROPHYLACTIC KETAMINE: CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS. |
| ketamine | No effect - ranked as very low evidence | treatment for comorbid PTSD and depression | Human | adults | Not available | Efficacy of Psychoactive Drugs for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of MDMA, Ketamine, LSD and Psilocybin.cited 27× |
| ketamine | Decreases - confirmed the efficacy | treatment of depression | Human | — | Not specified | Hallucinogens in Mental Health: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on LSD, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Ketamine.cited 114× |
| ketamine | No effect - may serve as a promising alternative | treatment of severe cases of treatment-resistant depression | Human | patients with severe cases of treatment-resistant depression | Not mentioned | Ketamine Versus Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Depression: A Guide for Clinicians. |
| ketamine versus ECT | No effect - support the efficacy of both treatments | treatment of severe cases of treatment-resistant depression | Human | — | Not mentioned | Ketamine Versus Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Depression: A Guide for Clinicians. |
| (R,S)-Ketamine | Decreases - pharmacological efficacy | treatment refractory depression | Human | patients with treatment refractory depression | Not specified | Plasma metabolomic profiling of a ketamine and placebo crossover trial of major depressive disorder and healthy control subjects.cited 62× |
| ketamine | No effect - examined the effects | treatment-resistant bipolar depression | Human | — | Not specified | Evidence-based treatment strategies for treatment-resistant bipolar depression: a systematic review.cited 70× |
| (R,S)-ketamine | Decreases - produces a response | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patients with treatment-resistant depression | Not specified (plasma concentrations measured, not administered). | D-serine plasma concentration is a potential biomarker of (R,S)-ketamine antidepressant response in subjects with treatment-resistant depression.cited 60× |
| Ketamine | Increases - can benefit | treatment-resistant depression | Human | individuals with treatment-resistant depression | Not specified | Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Drugs: Navigating High Hopes, Strong Claims, Weak Evidence, and Big Money.cited 3× |
| ketamine | Decreases - respond to | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patients with treatment-resistant depression | Not specified (repeated intravenous ketamine). | Glutamate plus glutamine to GABA ratio as a predictor of ketamine response in treatment-resistant depression: A double-blind, randomized, open-label extension study. |
| ketamine | Increases - has been shown to have rapid and long-lasting effects | treatment-resistant depression | Animal | individuals with treatment-resistant depression | 10 mg/kg ketamine | Sex specific effects of ketamine, but not other glutamate receptor modulators, on ethanol self-administration and reinstatement of ethanol seeking in rats. |
| low-dose ketamine | Decreases - exerts an antidepressant effect | treatment-resistant depression | Human | patients with treatment-resistant depression | 0.5 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg ketamine | Monoamine neurotransmitter-related gene-based genome-wide association study of low-dose ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression. |
| intravenous ketamine | Increases - showed rapid antidepressant and anti-suicidal effects | BD depression | Human | — | Not specified | New Pharmacologic Approaches to the Treatment of Bipolar Depression.cited 6× |
| ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) | Increases - positive outcomes | treatment of BPD and depression | Human | a patient with co-occurring BPD and depression | Not specified | Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment of Co-occurring Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression: A Case Study. |
| single-dose infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) | No effect - No differences were found | associations of baseline NIF levels and depression trajectories | Human | 133 adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) | Single-dose infusion of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. | Lack of relationships between ketamine treatment and peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory factors in a randomized controlled ketamine trial of major depressive disorder. |
| single-dose infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) | No effect - No differences were found | associations of NIF and depression trajectories | Human | 133 adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) | Single-dose infusion of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. | Lack of relationships between ketamine treatment and peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory factors in a randomized controlled ketamine trial of major depressive disorder. |
| single-dose infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) | Decreases - increasing interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) trajectories post-ketamine were associated with less improvement | depression | Human | participants with lower BMI (BMI < 25) | Single-dose infusion of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. | Lack of relationships between ketamine treatment and peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory factors in a randomized controlled ketamine trial of major depressive disorder. |
| single-dose infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) | Decreases - increases in IL-1RA levels may be linked to worse immediate treatment response | depression | Human | individuals with low BMI | Single-dose infusion of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine. | Lack of relationships between ketamine treatment and peripheral neurotrophic and inflammatory factors in a randomized controlled ketamine trial of major depressive disorder. |