15
1
6
↑15
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—6
Evidence suggests Calcium mayincreaseBone strength.
18 studies (22 claims)
Moderate consensus
Typical effective dose 800 (575–1125) mgacross 4 dosed studies
Study Claims
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Type | Population | Dosage | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by calcium and vitamin D insufficiency | Decreases - may reduce | bone mass and strength | Human | — | Not specified (dose should be tailored to habitual intake). | The pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in men.cited 29× |
| vitamin D with or without calcium supplements | No effect - no improvement | muscle strength | Human | community-dwelling older persons | Not specified | Vitamin D supplementation and its influence on muscle strength and mobility in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis.cited 91× |
| enhanced exercise and combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation | No effect - effects | muscular strength and fracture occurrence | Human | postmenopausal women with a high risk of osteoporosis | Calcium 600 mg/day + Vitamin D (amount unspecified). | Effects of Enhanced Exercise and Combined Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Chinese Women.cited 9× |
| 800 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D3 | Increases - showed greater gains in | trabecular density, trabecular area and strength strain index | Human | peripubertal female identical twins, aged 9 to 13 years | 800 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D3 daily. | Calcium and vitamin-D supplementation on bone structural properties in peripubertal female identical twins: a randomised controlled trial.cited 26× |
| 6 months of daily calcium and vitamin-D supplementation | Increases - was associated with increased | bone density and bone strength | Human | peripubertal children | 800 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D3 daily. | Calcium and vitamin-D supplementation on bone structural properties in peripubertal female identical twins: a randomised controlled trial.cited 26× |
| higher dose calcium supplements | No effect - did not provide any extra benefits for | bone strength | Human | people younger than age 35 | Calcium supplements with doses less than 1000 mg/d were effective; higher doses provided no additional benefits. | The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 9× |
| calcium supplements with doses less than 1000 mg/d | Increases - boosted | bone strength | Human | people younger than age 35 | Calcium supplements with doses less than 1000 mg/d were effective; higher doses provided no additional benefits. | The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 9× |
| high calcium diets | Increases - boosted | bone strength | Human | people younger than age 35 | Calcium supplements with doses less than 1000 mg/d were effective; higher doses provided no additional benefits. | The effect of calcium supplementation in people under 35 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.cited 9× |
| cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation | Increases - gained | gastro-soleus strength | Human | young individuals with hypovitaminosis D | 1 g of elemental calcium daily alongside cholecalciferol (60,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, then 60,000 IU/month for 4 months). | Effect of cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation on muscle strength and energy metabolism in vitamin D-deficient Asian Indians: a randomized, controlled trial.cited 60× |
| cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation | Increases - gained | handgrip strength | Human | young individuals with hypovitaminosis D | 1 g of elemental calcium daily alongside cholecalciferol (60,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, then 60,000 IU/month for 4 months). | Effect of cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation on muscle strength and energy metabolism in vitamin D-deficient Asian Indians: a randomized, controlled trial.cited 60× |
| cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation | Increases - results in enhanced | skeletal muscle strength | Human | young individuals with hypovitaminosis D | 1 g of elemental calcium daily alongside cholecalciferol (60,000 IU/week for 8 weeks, then 60,000 IU/month for 4 months). | Effect of cholecalciferol and calcium supplementation on muscle strength and energy metabolism in vitamin D-deficient Asian Indians: a randomized, controlled trial.cited 60× |
| HMB-calcium (HMB-Ca) administered in combination with comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation | No effect - will investigate the effects of | muscle strength | Human | patients with cardiac disease during the convalescent period | Not mentioned for Salt (HMB-Ca dosage: once per day for 60 days). | Effects of beta-hydroxy beta-methyl butyrate calcium combined with exercise therapy in patients with cardiac disease: a study protocol for clinical trial. |
| cholecalciferol 400 IU/day + calcium 500 mg/day | No effect - did not result in a significant difference | strength | Human | vitamin D-insufficient female geriatric patients | 500 mg calcium/day (both groups) + 400 IU vitamin D/day (D/Cal group). | Muscle strength and mobility in vitamin D-insufficient female geriatric patients: a randomized controlled trial on vitamin D and calcium supplementation.cited 65× |
| supersaturated calcium citrate formed inside the scaffold | Increases - increased | mechanical strength | AnimalMolecular | — | 25 mM Ca2+ (optimal concentration identified). | Preparation and properties of chitosan/gelatin/supersaturated calcium citrate scaffolds crosslinked by dehydrogenation heat treatment method. |
| calcium supplementation | No effect - did not affect the effect | muscle strength | Human | elderly people | Not specified | Effects of active vitamin D analogues on muscle strength and falls in elderly people: an updated meta-analysis.cited 4× |
| daily calcium and vitamin D (Ca + D) | Increases - demonstrated improved | bone strength | Human | Army and Navy recruits | 2000 mg calcium and 1000 IU vitamin D per day, divided into twice-daily doses via fortified snack bars. | Calcium and vitamin D supplementation and bone health in Marine recruits: Effect of season.cited 32× |
| oral supplement containing 1.5 g of calcium HMB for 8 weeks | No effect - no significant differences | handgrip strength | Human | community-dwelling healthy older women | 1.5 g of calcium HMB daily. | Effect of Oral Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Physical Performance in Healthy Old Women Over 65 Years: An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 40× |
| oral supplement containing 1.5 g of calcium HMB for 8 weeks | Increases - scored significantly better | PT isometric strength | Human | community-dwelling healthy older women | 1.5 g of calcium HMB daily. | Effect of Oral Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Physical Performance in Healthy Old Women Over 65 Years: An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial.cited 40× |
| elementary calcium 500 mg/day and cholecalciferol 1,000 IU/day | Increases - significantly improved | strength of hip flexor muscles (SHF) | Human | postmenopausal women | Aquatic exercise program (HydrOS) for 24 weeks; calcium 500 mg/day and cholecalciferol 1,000 IU/day for both groups. | High-intensity aquatic exercises (HydrOS) improve physical function and reduce falls among postmenopausal women.cited 26× |
| β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate calcium salt (HMB-Ca) | Increases - showed | leg press strength | Human | 44 resistance-trained men | 3 g/day of HMB-FA or HMB-Ca. | Negligible Effects of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate Free Acid and Calcium Salt on Strength and Hypertrophic Responses to Resistance Training: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.cited 6× |
| multicomponent exercise training combined with whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation | Increases - improved | leg muscle strength | Human | ADT-treated men | Not specified (daily multinutrient supplementation). | Musculoskeletal Responses to Exercise Plus Nutrition in Men with Prostate Cancer on Androgen Deprivation: A 12-Month RCT.cited 13× |
| calcium citrate supplementation | Increases - supporting | overall skeletal strength | Human | elderly | 500 mg calcium citrate daily. | Evaluating adherence, tolerability and safety of oral calcium citrate in elderly osteopenic subjects: a real-life non-interventional, prospective, multicenter study.cited 2× |
| introducing calcium ions | Increases - enhanced | formation rate and tensile strength of yuba films | Animal | yuba films | SM concentrations ranged from 0 to 20 mmol L-1 | Directional control of the formation rate, and structural and mechanical properties of yuba films via disulfide bond- or ionic interaction-mediated soy protein aggregation. |