The impact of a high fat diet and platelet activation on pre-metastatic niche formation.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine how a high-fat diet (HFD) influences platelet activation, premetastatic niche formation, and metastasis in breast cancer.
Results Summary
A HFD pre-activates platelets and endothelial cells, promoting premetastatic niche formation in the lung, which enhances tumor cell homing and metastasis. Anti-platelet interventions or dietary changes reduced metastasis, and blocking fibronectin decreased tumor-endothelial cell interactions.
Population
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) female patients and preclinical models.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | pre-activation of platelets and endothelial cells | - | - | provokes | #1 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | premetastatic niches (PMNs) in the lung | - | - | promoting the formation of | #2 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | vascular leakiness | - | - | characterized by increased | #3 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | platelet activation | - | - | characterized by increased | #4 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | fibronectin in both platelets and endothelial cells | - | - | characterized by overexpression of | #5 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | interactions between platelets, tumor cells and endothelial cells within PMNs | - | - | promotes | #6 |
a high fat diet (HFD) | increase | tumor cell homing and metastasis | - | - | enhancing | #7 |
anti-platelet antibody administration | decrease | metastatic cell homing and outgrowth | - | - | reduce | #8 |
a dietary switch | decrease | metastatic cell homing and outgrowth | - | - | reduce | #9 |
blocking fibronectin | decrease | the interaction of tumor cells with endothelial cells | - | - | reduces | #10 |
reduced Partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT) | decrease | time to relapse | triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) female patients | - | had a significantly shorter | #11 |
There is active crosstalk between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment during metastatic progression, a process that is significantly affected by obesity, particularly in breast cancer. Here we analyze the impact of a high fat diet (HFD) on metastasis, focusing on the role of platelets in the formation of premetastatic niches (PMNs). We find that a HFD provokes pre-activation of platelets and endothelial cells, promoting the formation of PMNs in the lung. These niches are characterized by increased vascular leakiness, platelet activation and overexpression of fibronectin in both platelets and endothelial cells. A HFD promotes interactions between platelets, tumor cells and endothelial cells within PMNs, enhancing tumor cell homing and metastasis. Importantly, therapeutic interventions like anti-platelet antibody administration or a dietary switch reduce metastatic cell homing and outgrowth. Moreover, blocking fibronectin reduces the interaction of tumor cells with endothelial cells. Importantly, when coagulation parameters prior to neoadjuvant treatment are considered, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) female patients with reduced Partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT) had a significantly shorter time to relapse. These findings highlight how diet and platelet activation in pre-metastatic niches affect tumor cell homing and metastasis, suggesting potential therapeutic interventions and prognostic markers for TNBC patients.