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Changes in Locomotor Activity Observed During Acute Nicotine Withdrawal Can Be Attenuated by Ghrelin and GHRP-6 in Rats.

Biomedicines
January 9, 2025
Jázmin Ayman et al. (6 authors)
Journal ArticleAnimal Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to investigate the effects of ghrelin and GHRP-6 on horizontal and vertical activity in rats exposed to chronic nicotine treatment followed by acute nicotine withdrawal.

Results Summary

Nicotine-treated rats showed hyperactivity after 12 hours of withdrawal, which was reduced by ghrelin and GHRP-6, and hypoactivity after 24 hours, which was reversed by the same peptides.

Population

Male and female Wistar rats

Effective Dosage

2 mg/kg nicotine (intraperitoneal, twice daily) and 1 μg/2 μL ghrelin or GHRP-6 (intracerebroventricular, once daily)

Duration

7 days

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (8)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
chronic nicotine treatment
increase
horizontal and vertical activity
nicotine-treated rats
-
a significant hyperactivity was observed
#1
ghrelin
decrease
hyperactivity
nicotine-treated rats
-
reduced significantly
#2
GHRP-6
decrease
hyperactivity
nicotine-treated rats
-
reduced significantly
#3
chronic nicotine treatment followed by acute nicotine withdrawal
decrease
horizontal and vertical activity
nicotine-treated rats
-
a significant hypoactivity was assessed
#4
ghrelin
increase
hypoactivity
nicotine-treated rats
-
reversed significantly
#5
GHRP-6
increase
hypoactivity
nicotine-treated rats
-
reversed significantly
#6
ghrelin
decrease
changes in horizontal and vertical activity observed after 12 and 24 h of nicotine withdrawal
rats
-
can be attenuated
#7
GHRP-6
decrease
changes in horizontal and vertical activity observed after 12 and 24 h of nicotine withdrawal
rats
-
can be attenuated
#8
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6) are peptides which can stimulate GH release, acting through the same receptor. Ghrelin and its receptor have been involved in reward sensation and addiction induced by natural and artificial drugs, including nicotine. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of ghrelin and GHRP-6 on the horizontal and vertical activity in rats exposed to chronic nicotine treatment followed by acute nicotine withdrawal. Methods: Male and female Wistar rats were exposed daily to intraperitoneal (ip) injection with 2 mg/kg nicotine or saline solution for 7 days, twice a day (at 8:00 and at 20:00). In parallel, the rats were exposed daily to an intracerebroventricular (icv) injection with 1 μg/2 μL ghrelin or 1 μg/2 μL GHRP-6 or saline solution for 7 days, once a day (at 8:00). On the morning of the eighth day (12 h after the last ip administration) and the ninth day (24 h after the last ip administration), the horizontal and vertical activity were monitored in a conducta system. Results: On the eighth day, in nicotine-treated rats a significant hyperactivity was observed, that was reduced significantly by ghrelin and GHRP-6. On the ninth day, in nicotine-treated rats a significant hypoactivity was assessed that was reversed significantly by ghrelin and GHRP-6. Conclusions: Based on the present results, the changes in horizontal and vertical activity observed after 12 and 24 h of nicotine withdrawal can be attenuated by ghrelin and GHRP-6.

Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy75/10
Quality80/10
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.05
Weight Score1.95
Normalized Score0.66
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