Effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on psychotic symptoms and psychological outcomes in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to synthesize the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on psychotic symptoms, global functioning, insight, and mindfulness in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Results Summary
MBIs significantly improved psychotic symptoms, global functioning, insight, and mindfulness among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, particularly when home assignments were included. The effect size for psychotic symptom reduction was moderate (g = 0.70).
Population
Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (N = 1,632, 69% male, mean age 24.4–59.5 years).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | psychotic symptoms | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | g = 0.70, 95 %CI 0.04, 1.36 | showed reduced | #1 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | psychotic symptoms | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | significantly improved | #2 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | increase | global functioning | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | significantly improved | #3 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | increase | insight | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | significantly improved | #4 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | increase | mindfulness | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | significantly improved | #5 |
MBIs with home assignment | decrease | psychotic symptoms | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | improving | #6 |
MBIs with home assignment | increase | global functioning | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | increasing | #7 |
MBIs with home assignment | increase | insight | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | increasing | #8 |
MBIs with home assignment | increase | mindfulness | patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders | - | increasing | #9 |
OBJECTIVE: Mindfulness refers to the practice of consciously attending to the present moment without judgement. Although mindfulness-based intervention have been extensively researched. Less is known about the effect of this intervention on psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Thus, we synthesized the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on psychotic symptoms, global functioning, insight, and mindfulness in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. METHOD: Nine electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2024 including Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Cochrane, Ovid APA InFo, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, Mindfulness Journal and Web of Science. We reviewed studies on outcomes for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders receiving mindfulness-based interventions. We only reviewed all experimental and quasi-trials studies written in English. A random-effects model was used to compute the effect size. We used Funnel plot, Q statistics, and I RESULTS: Across 24 included studies (N = 1,632), 796 schizophrenia patients participated in mindfulness interventions; 836 served as controls. Most schizophrenia patients were males (69 %, s = 7). Mean age ranged from 24.4 to 59.5 years. Overall, mindfulness-based interventions showed reduced psychotic symptoms (g = 0.70, 95 %CI 0.04, 1.36, I CONCLUSION: MBIs significantly improved psychotic symptoms, global functioning, insight, and mindfulness among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, especially MBIs with home assignment. Clinicians and health providers should consider using MBIs as alternative complementary treatment for improving psychotic symptoms and increasing global functioning, insight and mindfulness.