The Mechanism and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetes: A Review.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to explore potential treatments, including melatonin, for cognitive dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus.
Results Summary
The study suggests that melatonin, along with other drugs and interventions, can alleviate diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction, though specific efficacy details are not provided.
Population
Diabetes mellitus patients, particularly those aged 65-74 years and >75 years with cognitive dysfunction.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
metformin | decrease | diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction | - | - | can alleviate | #1 |
liraglutide | decrease | diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction | - | - | can alleviate | #2 |
empagliflozin | decrease | diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction | - | - | can alleviate | #3 |
fingolimod | decrease | diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction | - | - | can alleviate | #4 |
melatonin | decrease | diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction | - | - | can alleviate | #5 |
Self-management | decrease | cognitive impairment | - | - | can also ameliorate | #6 |
intermittent fasting | decrease | cognitive impairment | - | - | can also ameliorate | #7 |
repetitive transverse magnetic stimulation | decrease | cognitive impairment | - | - | can also ameliorate | #8 |
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the fastest growing diseases in terms of global incidence and seriously affects cognitive function. The incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction is up to 13% in diabetes patients aged 65-74 years and reaches 24% in those aged >75 years. The mechanisms and treatments of cognitive dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus are complicated and varied. Previous studies suggest that hyperglycemia mainly contributes to cognitive dysfunction through mechanisms involving inflammation, autophagy, the microbial-gut-brain axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, and insulin resistance. Antidiabetic drugs such as metformin, liraglutide, and empagliflozin and other drugs such as fingolimod and melatonin can alleviate diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction. Self-management, intermittent fasting, and repetitive transverse magnetic stimulation can also ameliorate cognitive impairment. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms linking diabetes mellitus with cognitive dysfunction and propose a potential treatment for cognitive decline associated with diabetes mellitus.