Efficacy and Safety of a Low-FODMAP Diet in Combination with a Gluten-Free Diet for Adult Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Study Goal
The researchers sought to determine whether a low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) improves symptoms and psychological well-being in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Results Summary
The study found that LF-GFD significantly reduced bloating, pain, and IBS symptom severity while improving quality of life and reducing anxiety and depression scores compared to a standard gluten-free diet (GFD).
Population
Patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | VAS bloating ratings | patients with IBS | RR = -0.58, 95%CI -0.92-0.23, P = 0.0010, I2 = 83% | reduced | #1 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | VAS pain scores | patients with IBS | RR = -0.42, 95%CI -0.66-0.19, P = 0.005, I2 = 58% | reduced | #2 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | IBS-SSS scores | patients with IBS | MD = -1.42, 95%CI -2.74-0.10, P = 0.03, I2 = 24% | substantial enhancement in | #3 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | increase | IBS-QoL ratings | patients with IBS | MD = 3.75, 95%CI 0.98-6.53, P = 0.008, I2 = 33% | substantial enhancement in | #4 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | SDS scores | patients with IBS | MD = -2.56, 95%CI -3.38-1.74, P < 0.00001, I2 = 65% | substantial drop in | #5 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | SAS scores | patients with IBS | MD = -4.30, 95%CI -6.53-2.24, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0% | substantial drop in | #6 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | clinical symptoms | individuals diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome | - | significantly enhances | #7 |
low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) | decrease | anxiety and depression | individuals diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome | - | reduces | #8 |
BACKGROUND: Common gastrointestinal disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is marked by symptoms like changed bowel habits, bloating, and stomach ache. A low-FODMAP combined gluten-free diet (LF-GFD) has been suggested as a possible therapy for IBS symptoms management. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate whether a LF-GFD would help patients with IBS. METHODS: Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria from internet databases helped to identify clinical studies evaluating the intervention of LF-GFD in the treatment of IBS patients. Using measurements including the visual analog scale (VAS) for bloating and pain, the IBS symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS), and IBS quality of life (IBS-QoL), the main results evaluated were the efficacy of LF-GFD in reducing IBS symptoms. Furthermore assessed were the psychological impacts of LF-GFD utilizing the self- rating depression scale (SDS) and self- rating anxiety scale (SAS). RESULTS: A total of 437 patients (221 on LF-GFD diet and 216 on GFD) were involved in 4 randomized controlled trials and 4 cohort studies. The combined results indicated that LF-GFD reduced the VAS bloating ratings (RR = - 0.58, 95%CI - 0.92-0.23, P = 0.0010, I2 = 83%) and the VAS pain scores (RR = - 0.42, 95%CI - 0.66-0.19, P = 0.005, I2 = 58%). In addition, LF-GFD indicated a substantial enhancement in IBS-SSS scores (MD = - 1.42, 95%CI - 2.74-0.10, P = 0.03, I2 = 24%) and IBS-QoL ratings (MD = 3.75, 95%CI 0.98-6.53, P = 0.008, I2 = 33%). Moreover, the LF-GFD group showed a substantial drop in SDS (MD = - 2.56, 95%CI - 3.38-1.74, P < 0.00001, I2 = 65%) and SAS (MD = - 4.30, 95%CI - 6.53-2.24, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%) scores compared to the GFD group. CONCLUSION: LF-GFD therapy significantly enhances clinical symptoms and reduces anxiety and depression in individuals diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome.