A High-Carbohydrate Diet Induces Cognitive Impairment and Promotes Amyloid Burden and Tau Phosphorylation via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway in db/db Mice.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) affects cognitive function in diabetic mice compared to normal and high-fat diets.
Results Summary
The study found that an HCD exacerbated cognitive decline, increased amyloid-β burden, promoted tau protein phosphorylation, and induced neuroinflammation in diabetic mice, though these effects were less severe than those caused by a high-fat diet.
Population
Eight-week-old diabetic (db/db) mice and wild-type (WT) mice.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Twelve weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | cognitive decline | db/db mice | - | exacerbated | #1 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | amyloid-β burden | db/db mice | - | increased | #2 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | expression of β-site APP cleaving enzyme-1 | db/db mice | - | increased | #3 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | phosphorylation of tau protein | db/db mice | - | promote the phosphorylation of tau protein via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway | #4 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | neuroinflammation | db/db mice | - | markedly induced | #5 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | quantity of microglia and astrocytes | db/db mice | - | increased | #6 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | decrease | damages | db/db mice | - | were less severe than those caused by an HFD | #7 |
high intake of carbohydrates | decrease | cognitive function | diabetes | - | can have an adverse impact | #8 |
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes, influenced significantly by various dietary patterns. High-carbohydrate diets (HCDs) are commonly consumed nowadays; however, the specific impact of HCDs on cognitive function in diabetes remains unclear. METHODS: The objective of this study was to investigate whether an HCD has effects on cognition in diabetes. Eight-week-old diabetic (db/db) mice and wild-type (WT) mice underwent a twelve-week dietary intervention, including a normal diet (ND), an HCD, or a high-fat diet (HFD). Following this, behavioral tests were conducted, and related hippocampal pathology was evaluated. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that an HCD exacerbated cognitive decline in db/db mice compared to an ND. Additionally, an HCD increased amyloid-β burden and expression of β-site APP cleaving enzyme-1. An HCD was also found to promote the phosphorylation of tau protein via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Furthermore, an HCD markedly induced neuroinflammation and increased the quantity of microglia and astrocytes. However, these damages induced by an HCD were less severe than those caused by an HFD. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our findings indicate that a high intake of carbohydrates can have an adverse impact on cognitive function in diabetes.