Some types of exercise interventions are more effective than others in people with coronary heart disease: systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on oxygen consumption, quality of life, and mortality in adults with coronary heart disease.
Results Summary
HIIT significantly improved peak oxygen consumption (MD 4.5 mL/kg/min) and quality of life (SMD 0.9), though it did not show a statistically significant reduction in mortality compared to other exercise interventions.
Population
Adults with coronary heart disease.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-intensity interval training | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 4.5, 95% CI 3.7 to 5.4 | improved | #1 |
combined water-based exercises and moderate-intensity continuous training | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.0 | improved | #2 |
combined aerobic and resistance exercise | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.4, 95% CI 2.5 to 4.3 | improved | #3 |
water-based exercises | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.4, 95% CI 0.6 to 6.2 | improved | #4 |
combined respiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 5.8 | improved | #5 |
Tai chi | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 5.0 | improved | #6 |
moderate-intensity continuous training | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 3.0, 95% CI 2.3 to 3.6 | improved | #7 |
high-intensity continuous training | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 2.7, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.8 | improved | #8 |
resistance training | increase | peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min) | Adults with coronary heart disease | MD 2.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 3.7 | improved | #9 |
yoga | increase | Quality of life | Adults with coronary heart disease | SMD 1.5, 95% CI 0.5 to 2.4 | improved | #10 |
combined aerobic and resistance exercise | increase | Quality of life | Adults with coronary heart disease | SMD 1.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.7 | improved | #11 |
moderate-intensity continuous training | increase | Quality of life | Adults with coronary heart disease | SMD 1.1, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.6 | improved | #12 |
high-intensity interval training | increase | Quality of life | Adults with coronary heart disease | SMD 0.9, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.6 | improved | #13 |
continuous aerobic exercise | decrease | All-cause mortality | Adults with coronary heart disease | RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.86 | reduced | #14 |
combined aerobic and resistance exercise | decrease | All-cause mortality | Adults with coronary heart disease | RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.94 | reduced | #15 |
continuous aerobic exercise | decrease | cardiovascular mortality | Adults with coronary heart disease | RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.74 | reduced | #16 |
QUESTION: What are the effects of different types of exercise treatments on oxygen consumption, quality of life and mortality in people with coronary heart disease? DESIGN: Systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with coronary heart disease. INTERVENTION: Exercise interventions including aerobic (continuous or high-intensity interval) training, resistance training, respiratory muscle exercises, water-based exercises, yoga, Tai chi, Qigong exercises and a combination of different types of exercise. OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxygen consumption, quality of life and mortality. RESULTS: This review included 178 randomised controlled trials with 19,143 participants. Several exercise interventions improved peak oxygen consumption (mL/kg/min): high-intensity interval training (MD 4.5, 95% CI 3.7 to 5.4); combined water-based exercises and moderate-intensity continuous training (MD 3.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.0); combined aerobic and resistance exercise (MD 3.4, 95% CI 2.5 to 4.3); water-based exercises (MD 3.4, 95% CI 0.6 to 6.2); combined respiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise (MD 3.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 5.8); Tai chi (MD 3.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 5.0); moderate-intensity continuous training (MD 3.0, 95% CI 2.3 to 3.6); high-intensity continuous training (MD 2.7, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.8); and resistance training (MD 2.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 3.7). Quality of life was improved by yoga (SMD 1.5, 95% CI 0.5 to 2.4), combined aerobic and resistance exercise (SMD 1.2, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.7), moderate-intensity continuous training (SMD 1.1, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.6) and high-intensity interval training (SMD 0.9, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.6). All-cause mortality was reduced by continuous aerobic exercise (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.86) and combined aerobic and resistance exercise (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.94). Continuous aerobic exercise also reduced cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.74). CONCLUSION: People with coronary heart disease may use a range of exercise modalities to improve oxygen consumption, quality of life and mortality. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022344545.