Effects of vitamin D and/or calcium intervention on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and/or calcium supplementation on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes.
Results Summary
The study found that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation improved sleep quality, particularly in subgroups like women, those with low baseline vitamin D levels, and menopausal individuals. Calcium alone also showed significant improvements in sleep quality and was negatively correlated with changes in insulin efficiency and beta cell function.
Population
Chinese individuals with prediabetes (n=212)
Effective Dosage
1600 IU/day of vitamin D and/or 500 mg/day of calcium
Duration
24 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vitamin D and/or calcium supplementation | neutral | sleep quality | individuals with prediabetes | - | evaluate the effects | #1 |
vitamin D + calcium (1600 IU/day + 500 mg/day) | decrease | total PSQI score | individuals with prediabetes | - | was lower | #2 |
calcium supplementation (500 mg/day) | increase | sleep quality | women | - | improved | #3 |
calcium supplementation (500 mg/day) | increase | sleep quality | individuals with a low baseline 25(OH)D level (< 30 ng/mL) | - | improved | #4 |
calcium supplementation (500 mg/day) | increase | sleep quality | individuals in menopause | - | improved | #5 |
calcium intervention | decrease | sleep efficiency scores | - | r = - 0.264 | negative correlation | #6 |
calcium intervention | decrease | sleep efficiency scores | - | r = - 0.304 | negative correlation | #7 |
combined intervention of vitamin D and calcium | increase | sleep quality | individuals with prediabetes | - | exhibits substantial potential for improving | #8 |
calcium interventions alone | increase | sleep quality | individuals with prediabetes | - | exhibits substantial potential for improving | #9 |
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and/or calcium supplementation on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes. METHODS: A 24-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in a 212 Chinese population with prediabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups: vitamin D + calcium group (1600 IU/day + 500 mg/day, n = 53), vitamin D group (1600 IU/day, n = 54), calcium group (500 mg/day, n = 51), and control group (placebo, n = 54). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used as the primary outcome to assess sleep quality. Questionnaires and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and post-intervention for demographic assessment and correlation index analysis. RESULTS: After a 24-week intervention, a significant difference was observed in serum 25(OH)D concentration among the four groups (P < 0.05), and the total PSQI score in vitamin D + calcium group was lower compared to the preintervention levels. Subgroup analyses revealed improved sleep quality with calcium supplementation (P < 0.05) for specific groups, including women, individuals with a low baseline 25(OH)D level (< 30 ng/mL), and individuals in menopause. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the extent of change in sleep efficiency scores before and after the calcium intervention and the degree of change in insulin efficiency scores (r = - 0.264, P = 0.007), as well as the magnitude of change in islet beta cell function (r = - 0.304, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The combined intervention of vitamin D and calcium, as well as calcium interventions alone, exhibits substantial potential for improving sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered in August 2019 as ChiCTR190002487.