Health-related Quality of Life in Idiopathic Toe Walkers: A Multicenter Prospective Cross-sectional Study.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is associated with impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and if the severity of equinus contracture correlates with the degree of impairment.
Results Summary
The study found that ITW in children is associated with significant reductions in physical, school and play, and emotional HRQoL domains compared to healthy controls. A moderate correlation was observed between the severity of equinus contracture and worse physical domain scores.
Population
Children younger than 18 years with idiopathic toe walking (ITW) from 12 pediatric orthopaedic centers in the UK.
Effective Dosage
Not applicable
Duration
Data collected between May 2022 and July 2022 (cross-sectional study, no intervention duration).
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
idiopathic toe walking | decrease | health-related quality of life | children | - | is associated with impaired | #1 |
idiopathic toe walking | decrease | physical domain scores | children | - | significant reductions in | #2 |
idiopathic toe walking | decrease | school and play domain scores | children | - | significant reductions in | #3 |
idiopathic toe walking | decrease | emotional domain scores | children | - | significant reductions in | #4 |
equinus contracture | decrease | passive ankle dorsiflexion and physical domain scores | children with idiopathic toe walking | - | significant moderate correlation was noted between | #5 |
treatment | no change | Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children scores | patient groups | - | no significant differences in | #6 |
OBJECTIVE: Despite idiopathic toe walking (ITW) being a significant source of stress and anxiety for children and parents alike, little is known about the effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The primary research question for this study was "Is ITW associated with impaired HRQoL, and is the degree of equinus contracture related to the degree of impairment?" METHODS: Twelve pediatric orthopaedic centers across the United Kingdom participated in this prospective, cross-sectional observational study of children younger than 18 years with ITW. Data were collected between May 2022 and July 2022. Using a standardized, piloted proforma, data collected included: demographics, toe-walking duration, passive ankle range of motion (Silfverskiold test), associated autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, previous and planned treatments, and Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children scores. Domain scores were compared with a healthy control group and correlation was made to plantarflexion contracture using standard nonparametric statistical methods. RESULTS: Data were collected from 157 children. Significant reductions in physical, school and play, and emotional domain scores were noted compared with healthy controls. A significant moderate correlation was noted between passive ankle dorsiflexion and physical domain scores. There were no significant differences in Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children scores among patient groups by treatment. CONCLUSIONS: ITW in children is associated with an impairment in HRQoL, not only across the physical domain but also the school and play and emotional domains. The more severe the equinus contracture, the worse the physical domain scores. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II-prospective cross-sectional observational study.