FGF21 Improves Glycolipid Metabolism in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fed a High-Carbohydrate Diet by Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and Activating Autophagy.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the effects of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on rainbow trout and whether recombinant FGF21 (rFGF21) could mitigate HCD-induced metabolic disorders.
Results Summary
The study found that HCD increased final body weight but disrupted glycolipid metabolism and increased inflammatory responses in rainbow trout. rFGF21 treatment improved glucose uptake, reduced serum glucose, and downregulated inflammatory factors without exacerbating inflammation.
Population
Rainbow trout
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
31 days
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acute injection of rFGF21 | decrease | serum glucose levels | rainbow trout | - | effectively reduced | #1 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | final body weight (FBW) | rainbow trout | - | significantly increased | #2 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | glycolipid metabolism | rainbow trout | - | disturbances in | #3 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | inflammatory responses | rainbow trout | - | increased | #4 |
rFGF21 treatment | decrease | these effects | rainbow trout | - | altered | #5 |
rFGF21 | increase | glucose uptake | - | - | promotes | #6 |
rFGF21 | increase | phosphorylation levels of AKT (protein kinase B) and GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β) | - | - | increasing | #7 |
rFGF21 | increase | hepatic glycogen | - | - | increasing | #8 |
rFGF21 | decrease | serum glucose | - | - | lowering | #9 |
rFGF21 | no change | inflammatory response | - | - | did not exacerbate | #10 |
rFGF21 | decrease | expression of inflammatory factors | - | - | downregulated | #11 |
rFGF21 injection | increase | levels of LC3I/II protein | - | - | significantly increased | #12 |
rFGF21 injection | increase | phosphorylate AMPKα | - | - | significantly increased | #13 |
In this study, the coding region of rainbow trout fgf21 was cloned and sequenced to synthesize a recombinant protein (rFGF21) and investigate its potential role in improving glycolipid metabolism. Acute injection of rFGF21 into rainbow trout effectively reduced serum glucose levels. To investigate the effect of rFGF21 on high-carbohydrate diet (HCD)-induced metabolic disorders in rainbow trout, a 31-day feeding experiment was conducted. At the end of the third week, fish were injected with either PBS or rFGF21. The results showed that the final body weight (FBW) significantly increased in rainbow trout on an HCD (P < 0.05), but there were potential risks including disturbances in glycolipid metabolism and increased inflammatory responses. However, these effects were altered by rFGF21 treatment. In addition, rFGF21 promotes glucose uptake by increasing the phosphorylation levels of AKT (protein kinase B) and GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase 3β), increasing hepatic glycogen, thereby lowering serum glucose. Notably, the rFGF21 did not exacerbate the inflammatory response but downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors. Interestingly, the activation of autophagy and the AMPK pathway may contribute to the positive effect of rFGF21, where rFGF21 injection significantly increased the levels of LC3I/II protein and phosphorylate AMPKα (P < 0.05).