Monoamines' role in islet cell function and type 2 diabetes risk.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to explore the roles of serotonin and melatonin in islet physiology and their implications in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Results Summary
Melatonin was found to regulate circadian rhythm and nutrient metabolism, and it reduces insulin release in human and rodent islets in vitro. The study also highlighted its potential role in β-cell dysfunction and T2DM development.
Population
Human and rodent islets (in vitro).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
serotonin | neutral | islet hormone secretion | - | - | potent regulator | #1 |
serotonin | neutral | overall glucose homeostasis | - | - | potent regulator | #2 |
melatonin | neutral | islet hormone secretion | - | - | potent regulator | #3 |
melatonin | neutral | overall glucose homeostasis | - | - | potent regulator | #4 |
dysregulated signaling of serotonin | neutral | β-cell dysfunction | - | - | implicated in | #5 |
dysregulated signaling of serotonin | neutral | development of type 2 diabetes mellitus | - | - | implicated in | #6 |
dysregulated signaling of melatonin | neutral | β-cell dysfunction | - | - | implicated in | #7 |
dysregulated signaling of melatonin | neutral | development of type 2 diabetes mellitus | - | - | implicated in | #8 |
serotonin | neutral | β-cell physiology | - | - | key player | #9 |
serotonin | neutral | expansion of β-cell mass | - | - | plays a role in | #10 |
melatonin | neutral | circadian rhythm | - | - | regulates | #11 |
melatonin | neutral | nutrient metabolism | - | - | regulates | #12 |
melatonin | decrease | insulin release | human and rodent islets in vitro | - | reduces | #13 |
The two monoamines serotonin and melatonin have recently been highlighted as potent regulators of islet hormone secretion and overall glucose homeostasis in the body. In fact, dysregulated signaling of both amines are implicated in β-cell dysfunction and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serotonin is a key player in β-cell physiology and plays a role in expansion of β-cell mass. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm and nutrient metabolism and reduces insulin release in human and rodent islets in vitro. Herein, we focus on the role of serotonin and melatonin in islet physiology and the pathophysiology of T2DM. This includes effects on hormone secretion, receptor expression, genetic variants influencing β-cell function, melatonin treatment, and compounds that alter serotonin availability and signaling.