A systematic review of variations in circadian rhythm genes and type 2 diabetes.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to analyze the association between variations in circadian rhythm genes (including melatonin receptor 1B) and type 2 diabetes risk, and explore their interplay with diet and sleep variables.
Results Summary
The study found that individuals with variations in melatonin receptor 1B, brain and muscle arnt-like 1, and PER genes may be at higher risk of type 2 diabetes, but further research is needed for other circadian rhythm genes.
Population
Participants of all sexes, ethnicities, ages, and geographic locations with risk alleles/genotypes compared to wildtype.
Effective Dosage
Not available
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
variations in melatonin receptor 1B | increase | type 2 diabetes | Individuals | - | may be at higher risk | #1 |
variations in brain and muscle arnt-like 1 | increase | type 2 diabetes | Individuals | - | may be at higher risk | #2 |
variations in PER | increase | type 2 diabetes | Individuals | - | may be at higher risk | #3 |
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that has severe individual and societal consequences, which is forecast to worsen in the future. A new field of investigation is variations in circadian rhythm genes, in conjunction with diet and sleep variables, associations with, and effects on, type 2 diabetes development. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to analyse all current literature regarding circadian rhythm gene variations and type 2 diabetes, and explore their interplay with diet and sleep variables on type 2 diabetes outcomes. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021259682). METHODOLOGY: Embase and Pubmed were searched on 6/8/2021/11/8/2021 for studies of all designs, including participants from both sexes, all ethnicities, ages, and geographic locations. Participants with risk alleles/genotypes were compared with the wildtype regarding type 2 diabetes outcomes. Studies risk of bias were scored according to the risk of bias in non-randomised studies - interventions/exposures criteria. RESULTS: In total, 31 studies were found (association CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with variations in melatonin receptor 1B, brain and muscle arnt-like 1 and PER may be at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Further research is needed regarding other circadian rhythm genes. More longitudinal studies and randomised trials are required before clinical recommendations can be made.