Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension via Indo-Mediterranean Foods, May Be Superior to DASH Diet Intervention.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to highlight the role of western diet-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in hypertension pathogenesis and evaluate the effectiveness of various diets, including the DASH diet, in its prevention.
Results Summary
The study found that the DASH diet is effective in preventing hypertension by improving vascular function, alongside other diets like Indo-Mediterranean and Japanese diets, which also show potential in reducing blood pressure through specific functional foods and nutrients.
Population
General population with a focus on hypertension risk factors (e.g., high salt/sugar intake, sedentary behavior, obesity).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Western-type diet with high salt and sugar | increase | hypertension | - | - | are important risk factors | #1 |
Western diet | increase | reactive oxygen species (ROS) production | - | excessive | induced oxidative stress | #2 |
Western diet-induced oxidative stress | increase | inflammation and vascular dysfunction | - | marked | leading to a marked increase | #3 |
Indo-Mediterranean foods | decrease | blood pressure (BP) | - | - | have been found to decrease | #4 |
Japanese foods | decrease | blood pressure (BP) | - | - | have been found to decrease | #5 |
Indo-Mediterranean foods (pulses, porridge, spices, millets, guava, blackberry, vegetables) | decrease | BPs | - | - | may also decrease | #6 |
Japanese diet (soya tofu, whole rice, medical rice, vegetables, fish rich in fish oil, fish peptides, taurine) | decrease | BPs | - | - | known to decrease | #7 |
Japanese diet | decrease | prevalence of hypertension | Japan | 15-21% | may be due to the high quality | #8 |
berries, guava, pumpkin seeds, carrots, soya beans, and spices | decrease | BPs | - | - | have been found to cause a decrease | #9 |
Omega-3 fatty acids, fish peptide, taurine, dietary vitamin D, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, flavonoids, nitrate and l-arginine | decrease | BPs | - | - | can also decrease | #10 |
Western-type diet with high salt and sugar, sedentary behavior, obesity, tobacco and alcoholism are important risk factors for hypertension. This review aims to highlight the role of western diet-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the role of various types of diets in its prevention with reference to dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. It seems that it is crucial to alter the western type of diet because such diets can also predispose all CVDs. Western diet-induced oxidative stress is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with an altered oxidation-reduction (redox) state, leading to a marked increase in inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Apart from genetic and environmental factors, one important cause for differences in the prevalence of hypertension in various countries may be diet quality, deficiency in functional foods, and salt consumption. The role of the DASH diet has been established. However, there are gaps in knowledge about the role of some Indo-Mediterranean foods and Japanese foods, which have been found to decrease blood pressure (BP) by improving vascular function. The notable Indo-Mediterranean foods are pulses, porridge, spices, and millets; fruits such as guava and blackberry and vegetables, which may also decrease BPs. The Japanese diet consists of soya tofu, whole rice, in particular medical rice, vegetables and plenty of fish rich in fish oil, fish peptides and taurine that are known to decrease BPs. Epidemiological studies and randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the role of these diets in the prevention of hypertension and metabolic diseases. Such evidence is still meager from Japan, although the prevalence of hypertension is lower (15-21%) compared to other developed countries, which may be due to the high quality of the Japanese diet. Interestingly, some foods, such as berries, guava, pumpkin seeds, carrots, soya beans, and spices, have been found to cause a decrease in BPs. Omega-3 fatty acids, fish peptide, taurine, dietary vitamin D, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, flavonoids, nitrate and l-arginine are potential nutrients that can also decrease BPs. Larger cohort studies and controlled trials are necessary to confirm our views.