Prevalence of anemia and related nutrient deficiencies after sleeve gastrectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and assess the effectiveness of iron supplementation.
Results Summary
The study found that anemia and ferritin deficiency increased over time post-SG, with strong correlation between them. Subgroup analysis identified age ≤40 years, preoperative anemia, and insufficient iron supplementation as high-risk factors for postoperative anemia.
Population
Patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Up to 60 months (5 years) post-SG
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | increase | anemia | patients | - | associated with an increased risk | #1 |
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | decrease | decreased iron storage | patients | - | associated with | #2 |
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | increase | ferritin deficiency | patients | from 6% at baseline to 27% at 60 months | prevalence of ferritin deficiency steadily increased | #3 |
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | decrease | serum iron deficiency | patients | from 13% at baseline to 6% at 24 months | prevalence of serum iron deficiency decreased | #4 |
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | increase | serum iron deficiency | patients | to 20% at 60 months | prevalence of serum iron deficiency increased | #5 |
sleeve gastrectomy (SG) | no change | vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies | patients | low | prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies remained low | #6 |
routine iron supplementations | decrease | anemia after SG | patients | - | may reduce | #7 |
insufficient iron supplementations | increase | postoperative anemia | patients | - | were high-risk factors for | #8 |
preoperative anemia | increase | postoperative anemia | patients | - | were high-risk factors for | #9 |
age ≤40 years | increase | postoperative anemia | patients | - | were high-risk factors for | #10 |
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anemia and related nutrient deficiencies after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Four online databases were searched for relevant articles. Thirty-one studies with 7639 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled anemia prevalence was 7%, 6%, 9%, 10%, 12%, 25%, 20%, and 18% at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, 48 months, and 60 months, respectively. Although the prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies remained low postoperatively, the prevalence of ferritin deficiency steadily increased from 6% at baseline to 27% at 60 months. The prevalence of serum iron deficiency decreased from 13% at baseline to 6% at 24 months and increased to 20% at 60 months. Anemia and ferritin deficiency were strongly correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.774, p = 0.041). Subgroup analysis suggested that age ≤40 years, preoperative anemia, and insufficient iron supplementations were high-risk factors for postoperative anemia. SG is associated with an increased risk of anemia and decreased iron storage over long-term observation. Routine iron supplementations may reduce anemia after SG; however, the dosages recommended by current guidelines may be insufficient. More strict monitoring schedules and supplementation strategies should be established for the timely detection and management of postoperative anemia.