[Effects of high protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children: a Meta-analysis].
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid levels in overweight and obese children to inform dietary management strategies.
Results Summary
The study found that a short-term high-protein diet intervention significantly improved body mass index in overweight and obese children, but no significant effects were observed on other anthropometric indices or blood lipids. The results were mixed, with only short-term interventions showing statistically significant benefits.
Population
Overweight and obese children and adolescents.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified (short-term intervention mentioned)
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-protein diet | no change | body mass index | overweight and obese children | mean difference (MD)=-0.66, 95%CI -1.76-0.44 | were not significantly different | #1 |
high-protein diet | no change | body mass index Z-scores | overweight and obese children | MD=-0.09, 95%CI-0.23-0.05 | were not significantly different | #2 |
high-protein diet | no change | fat content percentage | overweight and obese children | MD=-1.07, 95%CI-2.88-0.74 | were not significantly different | #3 |
high-protein diet | no change | high density lipoprotein | overweight and obese children | MD=0.02, 95%CI-0.02-0.06 | were not significantly different | #4 |
high-protein diet | no change | low density lipoprotein | overweight and obese children | MD=0.04, 95%CI-0.08-0.17 | were not significantly different | #5 |
short-term high-protein diet intervention | decrease | body mass index | overweight and obese children | MD=-1.60, 95%CI-3.14--0.06, P=0.040 | was statistically significant | #6 |
high-protein diet | no change | any other selected anthropometric indices and blood lipids | overweight and obese children | - | does not affect | #7 |
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a high-protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children and provide evidence for their dietary management. Methods: This was a Meta-analysis. The randomized controlled trials on the effects of a high-protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children published up to January 19, 2022 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and CNKI database, with the key words of "child" "adolescent" "obesity" "overweight" "pediatric obesity" "weight loss" "dietary protein" "dietary carbohydrate" "caloric restrict" both in English and Chinese. The quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the "risk of bias" assessment tool, which included bias from the randomization process, deviation from intended interventions, missing outcome data, measurement of the outcome and selection of the reported results. Moreover, calculated the pooled mean difference, perform heterogeneity test, and assess publication bias. Results: A total of 8 articles were selected from the retrieved 4 836 articles, all in English. The sample sizes ranged from 4 to 120. The analysis showed that the post-intervention body mass index (mean difference (MD)=-0.66, 95%CI -1.76-0.44), body mass index Z-scores (MD=-0.09, 95%CI-0.23-0.05), fat content percentage (MD=-1.07, 95%CI-2.88-0.74), high density lipoprotein (MD=0.02, 95%CI-0.02-0.06) and low density lipoprotein (MD=0.04, 95%CI-0.08-0.17) were not significantly different with those of the standard protein diet group, with P values being 0.240, 0.220, 0.250, 0.360 and 0.480, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that after excluding one study, the difference in body mass index between the short-term intervention group and control group was statistically significant (MD=-1.60, 95%CI-3.14--0.06, P=0.040). Conclusions: A short-term high-protein diet intervention seems to improve the body mass index status of overweight and obese children. Nevertheless, a high-protein diet does not affect any other selected anthropometric indices and blood lipids. More studies with large sample sizes, higher quality and comparable standard of high-protein diet are needed for further demonstration.