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Non-pharmacological interventions for bone health after stroke: A systematic review.

PloS one
January 1, 2022
Hakimah Sallehuddin et al. (11 authors)
Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSystematic ReviewHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non-pharmacological interventions (excluding Vitamin D) for reducing bone loss in post-stroke patients.

Results Summary

The study did not assess Vitamin D supplementation; it focused on physical and vibration therapies, which showed significant reductions in bone loss but increased fall rates.

Population

Adult post-stroke patients

Effective Dosage

Not available

Duration

Varies (study interventions were heterogeneous in duration)

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (8)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
specific physical and vibration therapies
increase
bone mineral density
post-stroke adult patients
p<0.05
statistically significant changes
#1
specific physical and vibration therapies
increase
bone mineral content
post-stroke adult patients
p<0.05
statistically significant changes
#2
specific physical and vibration therapies
increase
cortical thickness
post-stroke adult patients
p<0.05
statistically significant changes
#3
specific physical and vibration therapies
decrease
bone turnover markers
post-stroke adult patients
p<0.05
statistically significant changes
#4
specific physical and vibration therapies
increase
falls
post-stroke adult patients
-
higher
#5
specific physical and vibration therapies
no change
fracture
post-stroke adult patients
-
no fracture was reported
#6
physical and vibration therapies
decrease
bone loss
post-stroke patients
-
significantly reduced
#7
physical and vibration therapies
increase
falls rate
post-stroke patients
-
higher
#8
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness and safety of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce bone loss among post-stroke adult patients. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed and PeDRO databases were searched from inception up to 31st August 2021. METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, experimental studies without randomization and prospective cohort studies with concurrent control of non-pharmacological interventions for adult stroke patients compared with placebo or other stroke care. The review outcomes were bone loss, fall and fracture. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used to assess methodological quality, and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations Framework to assess outcome quality. Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) was used for result synthesis. RESULTS: Seven studies (n = 453) were included. The methodological and outcome qualities varied from low to moderate. There were statistically significant changes between the intervention and parallel/placebo group in bone mineral density, bone mineral content, cortical thickness and bone turnover markers with specific physical and vibration therapies (p<0.05). Falls were higher in the intervention group, but no fracture was reported. CONCLUSION: There was low to moderate evidence that physical and vibration therapies significantly reduced bone loss in post-stroke patients at the expense of a higher falls rate. The sample size was small, and the interventions were highly heterogeneous with different duration, intensities and frequencies. Despite osteoporosis occurring with ageing and accelerated by stroke, there were no studies on vitamin D or protein supplementation to curb the ongoing loss. Effective, high-quality non-pharmacological intervention to improve post-stroke bone health is required.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Clinical Trials as TopicExercise TherapyHumansOsteoporosisStrokeStroke Rehabilitation
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Quality65/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations5
Citations/Year1.7
Relative Citation Ratio0.93
NIH Percentile47.7%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.50
Weight Score2.22
Normalized Score0.53
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