The role of melatonin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to highlight melatonin's therapeutic potential in preventing Alzheimer's disease acceleration in individuals with type 2 diabetes through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial function restoration, and insulin sensitivity mechanisms.
Results Summary
Melatonin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, downregulated in metabolic disorders with insulin resistance, and its activation delays disease progression, suggesting benefits for T2DM-linked Alzheimer's disease.
Population
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and related disorders like obesity.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
melatonin | neutral | anti-inflammatory properties | - | - | has | #1 |
melatonin | neutral | antioxidant properties | - | - | has | #2 |
melatonin levels | decrease | - | metabolic disorders with insulin resistance | - | are downregulated | #3 |
activation of melatonin signaling | neutral | disease progression | - | - | delays | #4 |
melatonin | neutral | acceleration of Alzheimer's disease | T2DM individuals | - | has therapeutic potentials in preventing | #5 |
melatonin | neutral | antioxidative effects | - | - | has therapeutic mechanisms including | #6 |
melatonin | neutral | anti-inflammatory effects | - | - | has therapeutic mechanisms including | #7 |
melatonin | increase | restoring mitochondrial function | - | - | has therapeutic mechanisms including | #8 |
melatonin | increase | restoring insulin sensitivity | - | - | has therapeutic mechanisms including | #9 |
In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related disorders like obesity, the abnormal protein processing, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines will drive the activation of inflammatory pathways, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) in the periphery and impaired neuronal insulin signaling in the brain. Studies have shown that such inflammation and impaired insulin signaling contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed for the treatment of T2DM and T2DM-linked AD. Melatonin is primarily known for its circadian role which conveys message of darkness and induces night-state physiological functions. Besides rhythm-related effects, melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Melatonin levels are downregulated in metabolic disorders with IR, and activation of melatonin signaling delays disease progression. The aim of this Review is to highlight the therapeutic potentials of melatonin in preventing the acceleration of AD in T2DM individuals through its therapeutic mechanisms, including antioxidative effects, anti-inflammatory effects, restoring mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity.