A randomized clinical trial to investigate the effect of dietary protein sources on periodontal health.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to assess the effects of two macronutrient interventions (higher fat or higher carbohydrate, omnivorous or semi-vegetarian diets) on oral health parameters.
Results Summary
The semi-vegetarian high-fat diet showed benefits in periodontal health, including increased sites with clinical attachment level <5 mm and reduced gingival crevicular fluid. Significant differences were observed in probing depth reduction and attachment gain between the diets.
Population
Adults aged 65-75 years with a BMI of 20-35 kg/m².
Effective Dosage
Ad libitum access to experimental diets (no specific dosage mentioned).
Duration
4 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
semi-vegetarian high-fat diet | increase | number of sites with a CAL <5 mm | Participants (65-75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 | mean difference -5.11 ± 9.68 | increased | #1 |
semi-vegetarian high-fat diet | decrease | GCF amount | Participants (65-75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 | mean difference -23.42 ± 39.42 Periotron Units [PU] | decreased | #2 |
the diets investigated | neutral | mean proportion of sites with PPD reduction of >1 mm and CAL gain of >1 mm | Participants (65-75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 | - | significant differences were calculated | #3 |
- | no change | clinical parameters | - | - | were not associated | #4 |
semi-vegetarian high-fat diet | neutral | clinical parameters of periodontal health | - | - | provides benefits to | #5 |
AIM: The aim was to assess two macronutrient interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial dietary design to determine their effects on oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants (65-75 years old) with a body mass index between 20 and 35 kg/m2 of a larger randomized control trial who consented to an oral health assessment were recruited. They had ad libitum access to one of four experimental diets (omnivorous higher fat or higher carbohydrate, semi-vegetarian higher fat or higher carbohydrate) for 4 weeks. The periodontal examination included periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. Oral plaque and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Between baseline and follow up, the number of sites with a CAL <5 mm (mean difference [MD] -5.11 ± 9.68, p = .039) increased and the GCF amount (MD -23.42 ± 39.42 Periotron Units [PU], p = .050) decreased for the semi-vegetarian high-fat diet. For the mean proportion of sites with PPD reduction of >1 mm and CAL gain of >1 mm, significant differences were calculated between the diets investigated. The clinical parameters were not associated with changes in the oral microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provided evidence that a semi-vegetarian high-fat diet provides benefits to clinical parameters of periodontal health. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ACTRN12616001606471).