Effects of Mixing Energy Drinks With Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to assess the interaction between energy drinks and alcohol on driving-related skills and perceptions about driving ability.
Results Summary
The study found that energy drinks (Red Bull) did not significantly counteract alcohol's detrimental effects on driving performance but reduced alcohol-induced sedation and increased willingness to drive. Alcohol + energy drinks showed better driving-related skills than alcohol alone, despite increased plasma concentrations of both substances.
Population
16 healthy volunteers
Effective Dosage
750 mL of Red Bull administered in 2 separated doses
Duration
Not specified (4-way crossover clinical trial)
Interactions
Alcohol
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy drinks (EDs) | decrease | sleepiness and fatigue | - | - | reduce | #1 |
Energy drinks (EDs) | increase | driving performance | - | - | improve | #2 |
alcohol | decrease | sleepiness, fatigue, and driving performance | - | - | does just the opposite | #3 |
alcohol | increase | the time outside the road in the tracking test | 16 healthy volunteers | - | increased | #4 |
alcohol | increase | simple reaction time | 16 healthy volunteers | - | increased | #5 |
Red Bull (RB) | no change | performance | 16 healthy volunteers | - | had no main or interaction effects on | #6 |
alcohol + Red Bull (RB) | increase | driving-related skills | 16 healthy volunteers | - | were better than after alcohol alone | #7 |
the combination of drinks | increase | willingness to drive | 16 healthy volunteers | - | increased | #8 |
Red Bull (RB) | decrease | alcohol-induced sedation | 16 healthy volunteers | - | reduced | #9 |
alcohol + Red Bull (RB) | no change | drunkenness | 16 healthy volunteers | - | did not change | #10 |
alcohol + Red Bull (RB) | increase | alcohol plasma concentrations | 16 healthy volunteers | 14.8% | increased | #11 |
alcohol + Red Bull (RB) | increase | caffeine plasma concentrations | 16 healthy volunteers | 17.6% | increased | #12 |
BACKGROUND: Energy drinks (EDs) reduce sleepiness and fatigue and improve driving performance whereas alcohol does just the opposite. Although it is a trendy combination among young people, the effects of alcohol mixed with EDs on driving performance have been poorly studied. The aim was to assess if there is an interaction between the effects of both drinks on driving-related skills as well as perceptions about driving ability. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled 4-way crossover clinical trial. Participants were 16 healthy volunteers. Interventions of 60 g of ethanol and 750 mL of Red Bull (RB) were administered in 2 separated doses. Conditions were alcohol + RB placebo, alcohol + RB, alcohol placebo + RB, and both placebos. Objective performance was assessed using a tracking test and simple reaction time, N-Back, and movement estimation tasks. Additionally, willingness to drive, other subjective effects, and ethanol and caffeine blood concentrations were also measured. RESULTS: Alcohol increased the time outside the road in the tracking test and increased simple reaction time, but the addition of RB had no main or interaction effects on performance. Nonetheless, driving-related skills after alcohol + RB were better than after alcohol alone. Willingness to drive increased with the combination of drinks. RB also reduced alcohol-induced sedation whereas drunkenness did not change. These effects were seen even though alcohol + RB increased alcohol (14.8%) and caffeine plasma concentrations (17.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Mixing EDs with alcohol predisposes consumers to drive under alcohol influence, perhaps in part because EDs counteract its detrimental effects on driving-related skills. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02771587.