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Effects of Mixing Energy Drinks With Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills.

The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology
January 1, 1970
Clara Pérez-Mañá et al. (11 authors)
Journal ArticleRandomized Controlled TrialResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tHuman StudyClinical
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to assess the interaction between energy drinks and alcohol on driving-related skills and perceptions about driving ability.

Results Summary

The study found that energy drinks (Red Bull) did not significantly counteract alcohol's detrimental effects on driving performance but reduced alcohol-induced sedation and increased willingness to drive. Alcohol + energy drinks showed better driving-related skills than alcohol alone, despite increased plasma concentrations of both substances.

Population

16 healthy volunteers

Effective Dosage

750 mL of Red Bull administered in 2 separated doses

Duration

Not specified (4-way crossover clinical trial)

Interactions

Alcohol

Extracted Claims (12)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
Energy drinks (EDs)
decrease
sleepiness and fatigue
-
-
reduce
#1
Energy drinks (EDs)
increase
driving performance
-
-
improve
#2
alcohol
decrease
sleepiness, fatigue, and driving performance
-
-
does just the opposite
#3
alcohol
increase
the time outside the road in the tracking test
16 healthy volunteers
-
increased
#4
alcohol
increase
simple reaction time
16 healthy volunteers
-
increased
#5
Red Bull (RB)
no change
performance
16 healthy volunteers
-
had no main or interaction effects on
#6
alcohol + Red Bull (RB)
increase
driving-related skills
16 healthy volunteers
-
were better than after alcohol alone
#7
the combination of drinks
increase
willingness to drive
16 healthy volunteers
-
increased
#8
Red Bull (RB)
decrease
alcohol-induced sedation
16 healthy volunteers
-
reduced
#9
alcohol + Red Bull (RB)
no change
drunkenness
16 healthy volunteers
-
did not change
#10
alcohol + Red Bull (RB)
increase
alcohol plasma concentrations
16 healthy volunteers
14.8%
increased
#11
alcohol + Red Bull (RB)
increase
caffeine plasma concentrations
16 healthy volunteers
17.6%
increased
#12
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Energy drinks (EDs) reduce sleepiness and fatigue and improve driving performance whereas alcohol does just the opposite. Although it is a trendy combination among young people, the effects of alcohol mixed with EDs on driving performance have been poorly studied. The aim was to assess if there is an interaction between the effects of both drinks on driving-related skills as well as perceptions about driving ability. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled 4-way crossover clinical trial. Participants were 16 healthy volunteers. Interventions of 60 g of ethanol and 750 mL of Red Bull (RB) were administered in 2 separated doses. Conditions were alcohol + RB placebo, alcohol + RB, alcohol placebo + RB, and both placebos. Objective performance was assessed using a tracking test and simple reaction time, N-Back, and movement estimation tasks. Additionally, willingness to drive, other subjective effects, and ethanol and caffeine blood concentrations were also measured. RESULTS: Alcohol increased the time outside the road in the tracking test and increased simple reaction time, but the addition of RB had no main or interaction effects on performance. Nonetheless, driving-related skills after alcohol + RB were better than after alcohol alone. Willingness to drive increased with the combination of drinks. RB also reduced alcohol-induced sedation whereas drunkenness did not change. These effects were seen even though alcohol + RB increased alcohol (14.8%) and caffeine plasma concentrations (17.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Mixing EDs with alcohol predisposes consumers to drive under alcohol influence, perhaps in part because EDs counteract its detrimental effects on driving-related skills. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02771587.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
AdultAlcohol DrinkingAutomobile DrivingCaffeineCross-Over StudiesDouble-Blind MethodEnergy DrinksEthanolHumansMalePsychomotor PerformanceReaction TimeYoung Adult
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy65/10
Quality85/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations3
Citations/Year1.0
Relative Citation Ratio0.65
NIH Percentile34.9%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.25
Weight Score1.58
Normalized Score0.63
Related Supplements
Effects of Mixing Energy Drinks With Alcohol on Driving-Rela... | Panacea Index