The effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of calcium supplementation, among other vitamins and minerals, on glycemic control, inflammation, and oxidative stress in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Results Summary
Calcium supplementation, alone or in combination with other vitamins and minerals, significantly improved glycemic control (e.g., reduced fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B) and attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress (e.g., decreased hs-CRP and MDA, increased TAC) in women with GDM.
Population
Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) | decrease | glycemic control | women with GDM | - | significantly improve | #1 |
Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) | decrease | fasting plasma glucose (FPG) | women with GDM | MD = -9.02; 95% CI: -12.09, -5.96 | significantly improve | #2 |
Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) | decrease | serum insulin | women with GDM | MD = -4.33; 95% CI: -5.35, -3.32 | significantly improve | #3 |
Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) | decrease | homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | women with GDM | MD = -1.34; 95% CI: -1.60, -1.07 | significantly improve | #4 |
Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) | decrease | homeostasis model of assessment for β cell function (HOMA-B) | women with GDM | MD = -15.58; 95% CI: -23.70, -7.46 | significantly improve | #5 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | decrease | inflammation and oxidative stress | women with GDM | - | attenuated | #6 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | decrease | high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) | women with GDM | MD = -1.29; 95% CI: -1.82, -0.76 | decreasing | #7 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | decrease | malondialdehyde (MDA) | women with GDM | MD = -0.71; 95% CI: -0.97, -0.45 | decreasing | #8 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | increase | total antioxidant capacity (TAC) | women with GDM | MD = 45.55; 95% CI: 22.02, 69.08 | increasing | #9 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | decrease | glycemic control | women with GDM | - | significantly improved | #10 |
Vitamin and mineral supplementation | decrease | inflammation and oxidative stress | women with GDM | - | attenuated | #11 |
BACKGROUND: The effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have not been well established. We conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on glycemic control, inflammation and oxidative stress for women with GDM. METHODS: A systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library up to July, 2020. Various results were pooled by using Review manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0. Mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by I-squared (I RESULTS: Six hundred ninety-eight patients from 12 trials were included in our meta-analysis. Magnesium, zinc, selenium, calcium, vitamin D and E (alone or in combination) were found to significantly improve glycemic control in women with GDM compared to those receiving placebos: fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (MD = - 9.02; 95% CI: - 12.09, - 5.96; P < 0.00001), serum insulin (MD = - 4.33; 95% CI: - 5.35, - 3.32; P < 0.00001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD = - 1.34; 95% CI: - 1.60, - 1.07; P < 0.00001), and homeostasis model of assessment for β cell function (HOMA-B) (MD = - 15.58; 95% CI: - 23.70, - 7.46; P = 0.0002). Vitamin and mineral supplementation was found to attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress through decreasing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (MD = - 1.29; 95% CI: - 1.82, - 0.76; P < 0.00001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (MD = - 0.71; 95% CI: - 0.97, - 0.45; P < 0.00001), and increasing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (MD = 45.55; 95% CI: 22.02, 69.08; P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis shows that vitamin and mineral supplementation significantly improved glycemic control, attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress in women with GDM.