An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to study the effect of consuming an alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrates on gut microbiome and metabolic markers in subjects with T2DM or prediabetes and overweight/obesity.
Results Summary
The modified alcohol-free beer significantly decreased glucose and HOMA-IR levels compared to regular alcohol-free beer, with BMI decreasing homogeneously after both interventions. Gut microbiota analysis showed notable differences in Parabacteroides and enhanced metabolic pathways.
Population
Subjects with T2DM or prediabetes and overweight/obesity.
Effective Dosage
66 cl day-1 of either regular or modified alcohol-free beer.
Duration
10 weeks per intervention (20 weeks total).
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
consuming 66 cl day-1 of regular alcohol-free beer for 10 weeks and 66 cl day-1 of modified alcohol-free beer for 10 weeks | decrease | BMI | subjects with T2DM or prediabetes and overweight/obesity | - | homogeneously decreased | #1 |
consuming 66 cl day-1 of modified alcohol-free beer | decrease | Glucose | participants | - | significantly decreased | #2 |
consuming 66 cl day-1 of modified alcohol-free beer | decrease | HOMA-IR | participants | - | significantly decreased | #3 |
modified alcohol-free beer | neutral | Parabacteroides | - | - | resulted as the feature with the greatest difference | #4 |
Alcohol-free beers consumption | increase | pathways related to metabolism | - | - | resulted in an enhancement of | #5 |
an alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and the addition of maltodextrin within meals | neutral | gut microbiota | diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity | - | significantly impacts | #6 |
modified alcohol-free beer | decrease | insulin resistance | - | - | improvement in | #7 |
We aimed to study the effect of consuming an alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrates composition (almost completely eliminating maltose and adding isomaltulose (16.5 g day-1) and resistant maltodextrin (5.28 g day-1)) in gut microbiome, compared to regular alcohol-free beer in subjects with T2DM or prediabetes and overweight/obesity. This is a pilot, randomized, double-blinded, crossover study including a sub-sample of a global study with 14 subjects: (a) consuming 66 cl day-1 of regular alcohol-free beer for the first 10 weeks and 66 cl day-1 of modified alcohol-free beer for the next 10 weeks; (b) the same described intervention in opposite order. BMI homogeneously decreased after both interventions. Glucose and HOMA-IR significantly decreased just after the participants consumed modified alcohol-free beer. These findings were in the same line as those reported in the global study. Dominant bacteria at baseline were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. Parabacteroides, from the Porphymonadaceae family, resulted as the feature with the greatest difference between beers (ANCOM analysis, W = 15). Feature-volatility analysis confirmed the importance of Parabacteroides within the model. Alcohol-free beers consumption resulted in an enhancement of pathways related to metabolism according to PICRUSt analysis, including terpenoid-quinone, lipopolysaccharides and N-glycan biosynthesis. Thus, an alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and the addition of maltodextrin within meals significantly impacts gut microbiota in diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity. This could, at least partially, explain the improvement in insulin resistance previously found after taking modified alcohol-free alcohol.Clinical Trial Registration: Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov identifier no. NCT03337828.