Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: a randomized clinical trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to compare the effects of Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) on weight loss and metabolic parameters during a 3-week body mass reduction program in obese individuals.
Results Summary
ASO significantly improved fasting glucose, total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, TG/HDL ratio, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides compared to RSO. Both ASO and RSO groups showed reductions in weight, BMI, and other anthropometric measures, with notable improvements in insulin levels and HOMA-IR.
Population
Obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m²), aged 25-70 years.
Effective Dosage
20 mL/d of ASO.
Duration
3 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amaranth seed oil (ASO) | neutral | antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties | - | - | display antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties | #1 |
Amaranth seed oil (ASO) | decrease | glucose and cholesterol levels | - | - | are also known to lower | #2 |
rapeseed oil (RSO) | neutral | antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties | - | - | display antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties | #3 |
rapeseed oil (RSO) | decrease | glucose and cholesterol levels | - | - | are also known to lower | #4 |
3-week body mass reduction program based on a calorie-restricted diet and physical activity | decrease | weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and total body water (TBW%) | obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2), aged 25-70 years | - | Significant decreases in | #5 |
control; untreated | no change | clinical parameters | group C | no significant change | No significant improvements were observed in the clinical parameters of | #6 |
administered 20 mL/d of RSO | decrease | Fasting insulin | RO group | Δ - 5.9 | were decreased | #7 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | Fasting insulin | AO group | Δ - 5.7 | were decreased | #8 |
administered 20 mL/d of RSO | decrease | homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | RO group | Δ - 1.1 | were decreased | #9 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | AO group | Δ - 0.5 | were decreased | #10 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | Fasting glucose | AO group | Δ -8.5 | were significantly improved | #11 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | total cholesterol | AO group | Δ -14.6 | were significantly improved | #12 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | non-HDL cholesterol | AO group | Δ 15.9 | were significantly improved | #13 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | TG/HDL ratio | AO group | Δ -0.6 | were significantly improved | #14 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | LDL cholesterol | AO group | Δ -12.3 | were significantly improved | #15 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | decrease | triglycerides | AO group | Δ -6.5 | were significantly improved | #16 |
3-week body mass reduction intervention | decrease | weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM | all groups | - | caused a significant reduction in | #17 |
- | no change | clinical parameters | all groups | no statistical differences | there were no statistical differences between | #18 |
administered 20 mL/d of ASO | increase | insulin levels and HDL% | AO | - | a trend toward improved | #19 |
administered 20 mL/d of RSO | increase | insulin levels and HDL% | RO | - | a trend toward improved | #20 |
RSO and ASO | increase | metabolic measurements | obese patients undertaking weight reduction programs | - | show potential for improving | #21 |
BACKGROUND: Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) are functional foods that display antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. These oils are also known to lower glucose and cholesterol levels. The current study compared the effects exerted by RSO and ASO on weight loss and metabolic parameters during a 3-week body mass reduction program. METHODS: Eighty-one obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2), aged 25-70 years, were enrolled in a 3-week body mass reduction program based on a calorie-restricted diet and physical activity. Participants were randomly categorized into an AO group (administered 20 mL/d of ASO), a RO group (administered 20 mL/d of RSO), and a C group (control; untreated). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and endpoint. RESULTS: Significant decreases in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and total body water (TBW%) were observed in all groups (P < 0.05). No significant improvements were observed in the clinical parameters of group C. Fasting insulin (Δ - 5.9, and Δ - 5.7) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (Δ - 1.1 and Δ - 0.5) were decreased in both RO and AO groups, respectively. Fasting glucose (Δ -8.5; P = 0.034), total cholesterol (Δ -14.6; P = 0.032), non-HDL cholesterol (Δ 15.9; P = 0.010), TG/HDL ratio (Δ -0.6; P = 0.032), LDL cholesterol (Δ -12.3; P = 0.042), and triglycerides (Δ -6.5; P = 0.000) were significantly improved in the AO group, compared to the RO group. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-week body mass reduction intervention caused a significant reduction in the weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM of all groups. Except for HOMA-IR, there were no statistical differences between the clinical parameters of all groups. However, a trend toward improved insulin levels and HDL% was noticeable in AO and RO. Therapies involving edible oils with high nutritional value, such as RSO and ASO, show potential for improving metabolic measurements during body mass reduction programs. Thus, obese patients undertaking weight reduction programs may benefit from RSO and ASO supplementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: retrospectively registered, DRKS00017708.