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AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ABOUT NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS.

Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo
January 1, 2020
Manuela Albernaz Monteiro et al. (4 authors)
Journal ArticleSystematic ReviewHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence for nutritional interventions, including casein-free diets, in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Results Summary

The review found mixed results, with 10 studies reporting positive associations between casein-free diets and improved symptoms, while 8 studies found no significant association. The overall evidence was insufficient to strongly support the use of casein-free diets for autism.

Population

Children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Effective Dosage

Not specified

Duration

Not specified

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (2)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
gluten-free and casein-free diet
decrease
autistic behavior and/or gastrointestinal symptoms
children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder
-
positive association
#1
nutritional supplements or dietary therapies
no change
symptoms associated with autism
children and adolescents with autism
-
little scientific evidence to support the use
#2
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze the scientific evidence of nutritional interventions performed in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. DATA SOURCES: A systematic review was conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO and Periódicos CAPES databases, using a search strategy to identify studies published between January 2003 and March 2018, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Were included studies that described nutritional interventions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and assessed autistic behavior and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. We excluded other review articles and studies that did not include a control group in the research design. The studies were reviewed for descriptive information, and the quality of evidence was assessed through the GRADE system. DATA SYNTHESIS: 18 studies were included in the review, being 16 randomized clinical trials, 1 case-control study and 1 open-label trial. As a result, the implementation of a gluten-free and casein-free diet was the most used intervention among the studies. Of the total, 10 studies showed a positive association of intervention with the evaluated results, while 8 did not find of a significant association. CONCLUSIONS: Although some authors report progress in the symptoms associated with autism in individuals with Autistic Spectrum Disorder undergoing nutritional interventions, there is little scientific evidence to support the use of nutritional supplements or dietary therapies in children and adolescents with autism. OBJETIVO:: Identificar e analisar as evidências científicas de intervenções nutricionais realizadas em crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. FONTES DE DADOS:: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, Google Acadêmico, PubMed, PsycINFO e Periódicos CAPES utilizando estratégia de busca abrangente para identificar estudos publicados entre janeiro de 2003 e março de 2018, em língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Foram incluídos estudos que descreveram intervenções nutricionais em crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista e avaliaram sintomas comportamentais e/ou sintomas gastrintestinais, sendo excluídos artigos de revisão e estudos que não incluíram um grupo controle em seu delineamento. Os estudos foram examinados para obter informações descritivas, e a qualidade de evidência foi avaliada por meio do Sistema GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). SÍNTESE DOS DADOS:: Dezoito estudos foram incluídos na revisão (16 ensaios clínicos randomizados, um estudo de caso-controle e um ensaio clínico aberto). As intervenções e os resultados variaram, entretanto a implementação de uma dieta livre de glúten e caseína foi a intervenção mais utilizada entre os estudos. Do total, dez estudos encontraram associação positiva entre intervenção e resultados avaliados, enquanto oito não encontraram associação significativa. CONCLUSÕES:: Embora alguns autores exponham progressos nos sintomas associados ao autismo em indivíduos com esse transtorno submetidos a intervenções nutricionais, há poucas evidências científicas para apoiar o uso destas em crianças e adolescentes com autismo.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
AdolescentAutism Spectrum DisorderCaseinsChildDiet, Gluten-FreeDietary SupplementsHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy55/10
Quality75/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations13
Citations/Year2.6
Relative Citation Ratio1.44
NIH Percentile63.6%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.75
Weight Score2.26
Normalized Score0.57
Related Supplements
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