Long-term vitamin D and high-dose
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of co-supplementation with vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil on cardiometabolic risk markers in diabetic patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Results Summary
Co-supplementation significantly reduced carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, LDL-cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, while increasing insulin sensitivity and HDL-cholesterol compared to placebo.
Population
Vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD (n=61).
Effective Dosage
2× 1000 mg/d n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil.
Duration
6 months.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | mean levels of left carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | P = 0·01 | significantly reduced | #1 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | maximum levels of left carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | P = 0·004 | significantly reduced | #2 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | mean levels of right carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | P = 0·02 | significantly reduced | #3 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | maximum levels of right carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | P = 0·003 | significantly reduced | #4 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | fasting plasma glucose | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β -0·40 mmol/l; 95 % CI -0·77, -0·03; P = 0·03 | led to a significant reduction in | #5 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | insulin | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β -1·66 μIU/ml; 95 % CI -2·43, -0·89; P < 0·001 | led to a significant reduction in | #6 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | insulin resistance | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β -0·49; 95 % CI -0·72, -0·25; P < 0·001 | led to a significant reduction in | #7 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | LDL-cholesterol | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β -0·21 mmol/l; 95 % CI -0·41, -0·01; P = 0·04 | led to a significant reduction in | #8 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | increase | insulin sensitivity | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β +0·008; 95 % CI 0·004, 0·01; P = 0·001 | a significant increase in | #9 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | increase | HDL-cholesterol | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β +0·09 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·17; P = 0·02 | a significant increase in | #10 |
vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation | decrease | high-sensitivity C-reactive protein | vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD | β -1·56 mg/l; 95 % CI -2·65, -0·48; P = 0·005 | was reduced | #11 |
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation on markers of cardiometabolic risk in diabetic patients with CHD. This randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among sixty-one vitamin D-deficient diabetic patients with CHD. At baseline, the range of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in study participants was 6·3-19·9 ng/ml. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups either taking 50 000 IU vitamin D supplements every 2 weeks plus 2× 1000 mg/d n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil (n 30) or placebo (n 31) for 6 months. Vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation significantly reduced mean (P = 0·01) and maximum levels of left carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) (P = 0·004), and mean (P = 0·02) and maximum levels of right CIMT (P = 0·003) compared with the placebo. In addition, co-supplementation led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (β -0·40 mmol/l; 95 % CI -0·77, -0·03; P = 0·03), insulin (β -1·66 μIU/ml; 95 % CI -2·43, -0·89; P < 0·001), insulin resistance (β -0·49; 95 % CI -0·72, -0·25; P < 0·001) and LDL-cholesterol (β -0·21 mmol/l; 95 % CI -0·41, -0·01; P = 0·04), and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity (β +0·008; 95 % CI 0·004, 0·01; P = 0·001) and HDL-cholesterol (β +0·09 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·17; P = 0·02) compared with the placebo. Additionally, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β -1·56 mg/l; 95 % CI -2·65, -0·48; P = 0·005) was reduced in the supplemented group compared with the placebo group. Overall, vitamin D and n-3 fatty acids' co-supplementation had beneficial effects on markers of cardiometabolic risk.