Combination of carnosine and asiatic acid provided greater anti-inflammatory protection for HUVE cells and diabetic mice than individual treatments of carnosine or asiatic acid alone.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate whether the combination of carnosine and asiatic acid (AA) could more effectively mitigate diabetic progression compared to either compound alone.
Results Summary
The combination of carnosine and AA improved cell viability, reduced inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha, ROS), and enhanced metabolic outcomes (lower plasma glucose, triglycerides) in diabetic mice more effectively than either treatment alone. It also significantly reduced renal inflammation and oxidative stress markers.
Population
Human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells and diabetic mice.
Effective Dosage
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA (in vitro); 0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet (in vivo).
Duration
Not specified in the abstract.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high glucose | decrease | cell viability | HUVE cells | - | decreased | #1 |
high glucose | decrease | Bcl-2 mRNA expression | HUVE cells | - | reduced | #2 |
high glucose | increase | Bax mRNA expression | HUVE cells | - | increased | #3 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | increase | cell viability | HUVE cells | - | led to greater | #4 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | increase | Bcl-2 mRNA expression | HUVE cells | - | led to greater | #5 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | decrease | production of DNA fragmentation | HUVE cells | - | more significantly decreased | #6 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | decrease | production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha | HUVE cells | - | more significantly decreased | #7 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | decrease | production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) | HUVE cells | - | more significantly decreased | #8 |
0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA co-treatment | decrease | nuclear factor kappa B binding activity | HUVE cells | - | more significantly decreased | #9 |
0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet | increase | final body weight | diabetic mice | - | resulted in higher | #10 |
0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet | decrease | plasma glucose | diabetic mice | - | resulted in lower levels of | #11 |
0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet | decrease | plasma triglyceride | diabetic mice | - | resulted in lower levels of | #12 |
Carnosine and AA combination | decrease | leukin-6 | diabetic mice | - | caused more reduction in renal levels of | #13 |
Carnosine and AA combination | decrease | TNF-alpha | diabetic mice | - | caused more reduction in renal levels of | #14 |
Carnosine and AA combination | decrease | ROS | diabetic mice | - | caused more reduction in renal levels of | #15 |
Carnosine and AA combination | decrease | renal cyclooxygenase-2 activity | diabetic mice | - | more significantly limited | #16 |
Carnosine and AA combination | decrease | renal p-p38 phosphorylation | diabetic mice | - | more significantly limited | #17 |
The purpose of present HUVE cells and mice study was to investigate the combined effects of carnosine and asiatic acid (AA) against diabetic progression. In HUVE cells, high glucose decreased cell viability, reduced Bcl-2 mRNA expression and increased Bax mRNA expression. The co-treatment of 0.5 μM carnosine plus 0.5 μM AA led to greater cell viability and Bcl-2 mRNA expression than 1 μM carnosine or 1 μM AA treatment alone. This combination more significantly decreased the production of DNA fragmentation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nuclear factor kappa B binding activity than carnosine or AA treatment alone. In diabetic mice, the combination of 0.25% carnosine plus 0.25% AA in diet resulted in higher final body weight, and lower levels of plasma glucose and triglyceride than 0.5% carnosine or 0.5% AA treatment alone. Carnosine and AA combination caused more reduction in renal levels of leukin-6, TNF-alpha and ROS than carnosine or AA treatment alone. This combination also more significantly limited renal cyclooxygenase-2 activity and p-p38 phosphorylation than carnosine or AA treatment alone. These novel findings support that this combination is a more powerful remedy for diabetic control.