Haptoglobin phenotype influences the effectiveness of diet-induced weight loss in middle-age abdominally obese women with metabolic abnormalities.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether the Hp phenotype influences weight loss and metabolic improvements in response to calorie-restricted diets with or without fish oil supplementation.
Results Summary
The study found that obese women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype showed greater reductions in waist circumference, body fat, and insulin resistance compared to other Hp phenotypes when following calorie-restricted diets, with additional benefits observed in those receiving fish oil supplementation.
Population
Abdominally obese Taiwanese women with ≥2 metabolic components.
Effective Dosage
Not specified (fish oil supplementation details not provided in the abstract).
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hypocaloric diet-induced weight reduction | decrease | abdominal fat | Obese women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | greater benefits in terms of reducing | #1 |
hypocaloric diet-induced weight reduction | increase | insulin sensitivity | Obese women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | greater benefits in terms of improving | #2 |
dietary programs [calorie restriction (CR), calorie restriction plus fish oil supplementation (CRF), calorie restricted meal replacement (CRMR), and calorie restricted meal replacement with fish oil supplementation (CRMRF)] | decrease | percent body weight | 151 abdominally obese Taiwanese women with ≥2 metabolic components | 4.7% ± 3.8% | mean reduction in | #3 |
- | decrease | WC | Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | exhibited significant decreases in | #4 |
- | decrease | body fat mass | Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | exhibited significant decreases in | #5 |
- | decrease | plasma insulin levels | Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | exhibited significant decreases in | #6 |
- | decrease | free hemoglobin | Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | exhibited significant decreases in | #7 |
- | decrease | homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | exhibited significant decreases in | #8 |
- | decrease | prevalence of central obesity | women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | A greater improvement in | #9 |
- | decrease | prevalence of MetS | women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype | - | to a lesser extent, improvement in | #10 |
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Haptoglobin (Hp) is associated with risks of obesity and cardiometabolic dysfunction; however, the role of the Hp phenotype in diet-induced weight loss remains to be elucidated. This study investigated whether the Hp phenotype contributes to inter-individual variations in body weight reduction as well as changes in the metabolic profile. METHODS: Secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial. In total, 151 abdominally obese Taiwanese women with ≥2 metabolic components were randomized to each of four dietary programs [calorie restriction (CR), calorie restriction plus fish oil supplementation (CRF), calorie restricted meal replacement (CRMR), and calorie restricted meal replacement with fish oil supplementation (CRMRF)] for 12 weeks. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference (WC) ≥ 80 cm in women. Hp phenotyping was performed by plasma gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The prevalence of the Hp 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2 phenotypes were 12.58%, 41.06% and 46.35%, respectively. The mean age was 50.59 ± 12.22 years, and mean reduction in the percent body weight was 4.7% ± 3.8%. The Hp 1-1 phenotype exhibited significant decreases in the WC, body fat mass, plasma insulin levels, free hemoglobin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to the Hp 2-1 or Hp 2-2 phenotypes after adjusting for the baseline age, WC, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and dietary programs (all adjusted p < 0.05). A greater improvement in the prevalence of central obesity and, to a lesser extent, MetS was also found in women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Obese women with the Hp 1-1 phenotype might obtain greater benefits in terms of reducing abdominal fat and improving insulin sensitivity in response to hypocaloric diet-induced weight reduction. The findings from this study support potential gene-diet interactions affecting weight loss. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01768169. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01768169.