Raspberry ketone preserved cholinergic activity and antioxidant defense in obesity induced Alzheimer disease in rats.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether Raspberry Ketone (RK) could mitigate obesity-induced neurodegenerative changes, particularly those related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), by examining its effects on oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, cholinergic activity, and amyloid plaque accumulation.
Results Summary
RK reduced oxidative damage, improved lipid profiles, increased acetylcholine levels, and decreased amyloid beta plaque accumulation in obese rats. The combination of RK with calorie restriction was more effective than calorie restriction with orlistate in countering neurodegenerative changes. The study was limited to an animal model, and human applicability remains unconfirmed.
Population
Obese male Wistar rats (140-160 g) with high-fat-diet-induced obesity and AD-like neurodegeneration.
Effective Dosage
44 mg/kg body weight, administered daily via oral gavage.
Duration
6 weeks of RK supplementation alongside calorie restriction.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raspberry ketone (RK) | decrease | oxidative damage | O-AD group | - | attenuated | #1 |
Raspberry ketone (RK) | decrease | dyslipidemia | O-AD group | - | attenuated | #2 |
Raspberry ketone (RK) | decrease | acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE) | O-AD rats | - | inhibited | #3 |
Raspberry ketone (RK) | increase | acetylcholine level (Ach) | O-AD rats | - | increased | #4 |
Raspberry ketone (RK) | decrease | beta-secretase-1 (BACE-1) | - | - | impeded the upregulation of | #5 |
Raspberry ketone (RK) | decrease | amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques | - | - | impeded the accumulation of | #6 |
combination of CR diet with RK | decrease | neurodegenerative changes induced by obesity | - | - | was more effective than CR diet with orlistate in abrogating | #7 |
concomitant supplementation of RK with calorie restricted regimen | decrease | neurodegenerative changes induced by obesity | - | - | effectively modulate | #8 |
concomitant supplementation of RK with calorie restricted regimen | decrease | progression of AD | - | - | delay | #9 |
Obesity is a proven risk factor for neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accumulating evidences suggested that nutritional interventions provide potential for prevention and treatment of AD. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary treatment of obese rats with natural Raspberry ketone (RK) and their relationship with neurodegeneration. Obesity was first induced in 40 male Wistar rats (140-160 g) by feeding high fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Obese rats were then assigned into 4 groups (n = 10 each). (O-AD) is obese induced AD group maintained on HFD for another 6 weeks. OCR is obese group received calorie restricted diet for 6 weeks. OCRRK is obese group received calorie restricted diet and RK (44 mg/kg body weight, daily, orally) for 6 weeks and OCRD is obese group received calorie restricted diet and orlistate (10 mg/kg body weight, daily orally) for 6 weeks. Another 10 normal rats received normal diet were used as normal control group (NC). Body weight, visceral white adipose tissue weight (WAT), lipid profile, oxidative stress markers, adiponectin, cholinergic activity and amyloid extracellular plaques were examined. In addition to histological changes in brain tissues were evaluated.Raspberry ketone (RK) via its antioxidant properties attenuated oxidative damage and dyslipidemia in O-AD group. It inhibited acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AchE) and hence increased acetylcholine level (Ach) in brain tissues of O-AD rats. It is also impeded the upregulation of beta-secretase-1 (BACE-1) and the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques which crucially involved in AD. The combination of CR diet with RK was more effective than CR diet with orlistate (antiobese drug) in abrogating the neurodegenerative changes induced by obesity. Results from this study suggested that concomitant supplementation of RK with calorie restricted regimen effectively modulate the neurodegenerative changes induced by obesity and delay the progression of AD.