Effects of Providing High-Fat versus High-Carbohydrate Meals on Daily and Postprandial Physical Activity and Glucose Patterns: a Randomised Controlled Trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of altering meal timing and diet composition (specifically high-fat vs. high-carbohydrate diets) on glucose homeostasis and physical activity measures in overweight/obese men.
Results Summary
The high-fat diet (HFD) did not alter patterns of reduced physical activity and increased sedentary behavior post-meals compared to the high-carbohydrate diet (HCD). The HCD increased peak blood glucose levels, but no significant adverse effects of HFD were reported.
Population
Eight sedentary, overweight/obese men (mean age 36 ± 4 years, BMI 29.8 ± 1.8 kg/m²).
Effective Dosage
Three meals per day at 0800 h, 1230 h, and 1800 h (±30 min), with macronutrient composition of 67% fat, 15% carbohydrate, and 18% protein for HFD.
Duration
5 days per diet (HFD and HCD), preceded by a 7-day habitual period, with an 8-day washout between diets.
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
meal provision | no change | reduced physical activity, and increased sedentary behaviour following dinner, compared with following breakfast and lunch | eight sedentary, overweight/obese men | - | did not alter the patterns | #1 |
high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) | increase | blood glucose | eight sedentary, overweight/obese men | +1.6 mmol/L | increased peak | #2 |
We determined the effects of altering meal timing and diet composition on temporal glucose homeostasis and physical activity measures. Eight sedentary, overweight/obese men (mean ± SD, age: 36 ± 4 years; BMI: 29.8 ± 1.8 kg/m²) completed two × 12-day (12-d) measurement periods, including a 7-d habitual period, and then 5 d of each diet (high-fat diet [HFD]: 67:15:18% fat:carbohydrate:protein versus high-carbohydrate diet [HCD]: 67:15:18% carbohydrate:fat:protein) of three meals/d at ±30 min of 0800 h, 1230 h, and 1800 h, in a randomised order with an 8-d washout. Energy intake (EI), the timing of meal consumption, blood glucose regulation (continuous glucose monitor system (CGMS)), and activity patterns (accelerometer and inclinometer) were assessed across each 12-d period. Meal provision did not alter the patterns of reduced physical activity, and increased sedentary behaviour following dinner, compared with following breakfast and lunch. The HCD increased peak (+1.6 mmol/L,