Effect of restriction vegan diet's on muscle mass, oxidative status, and myocytes differentiation: A pilot study.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diets on body composition, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular health markers.
Results Summary
The study found that a vegan diet led to decreased muscle mass and lean body mass, higher homocysteine levels, increased oxidative stress, and reduced antioxidant properties compared to vegetarian and omnivore diets. Vegan sera also promoted cell death and oxidative damage in cardiomyoblast cells.
Population
Healthy men with similar age, weight, and BMI (omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vegan diet | decrease | muscle mass index | healthy men (vegans) | - | significant decrease | #1 |
vegan diet | decrease | lean body mass | healthy men (vegans) | - | significant decrease | #2 |
vegetarian diet | increase | serum homocysteine levels | healthy men (vegetarians) | - | higher | #3 |
vegan diet | increase | serum homocysteine levels | healthy men (vegans) | - | higher | #4 |
vegan sera treatment | increase | TBARS values | H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells | - | induced an increase | #5 |
vegan sera treatment | increase | cell death | H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells | - | induced an increase | #6 |
vegan sera treatment | decrease | free NO2- | H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells | - | induced a decrease | #7 |
omnivorous sera | increase | antioxidant and differentiation properties | H9c2 cell line | - | had major antioxidant and differentiation properties | #8 |
vegetarian sera | increase | ERK expression | H-H9c2 cells | - | increased | #9 |
vegan sera | increase | ERK expression | H-H9c2 cells | - | increased | #10 |
restrictive vegan diet | no change | onset of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases | - | - | could not prevent | #11 |
restrictive vegan diet | no change | oxidative damage | - | - | could not protect | #12 |
This study was conceived to evaluate the effects of three different diets on body composition, metabolic parameters, and serum oxidative status. We enrolled three groups of healthy men (omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans) with similar age, weight and BMI, and we observed a significant decrease in muscle mass index and lean body mass in vegan compared to vegetarian and omnivore groups, and higher serum homocysteine levels in vegetarians and vegans compared to omnivores. We studied whether serum from omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan subjects affected oxidative stress, growth and differentiation of both cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2 and H-H9c2 (H9c2 treated with H2 O2 to induce oxidative damage). We demonstrated that vegan sera treatment of both H9c2 and H-H9c2 cells induced an increase of TBARS values and cell death and a decrease of free NO2- compared to vegetarian and omnivorous sera. Afterwards, we investigated the protective effects of vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore sera on the morphological changes induced by H2 O2 in H9c2 cell line. We showed that the omnivorous sera had major antioxidant and differentiation properties compared to vegetarian and vegan sera. Finally, we evaluated the influence of the three different groups of sera on MAPKs pathway and our data suggested that ERK expression increased in H-H9c2 cells treated with vegetarian and vegan sera and could promote cell death. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that restrictive vegan diet could not prevent the onset of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases nor protect by oxidative damage.