Effects of different aerobic exercise programmes with nutritional intervention in sedentary adults with overweight/obesity and hypertension: EXERDIET-HTA study.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hypocaloric diet combined with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week | decrease | blood pressure | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | - | significant reduction | #1 |
hypocaloric diet combined with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | - | significant reduction | #2 |
attention control group (physical activity recommendations) with hypocaloric diet | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | -6.6% | significantly less reduced | #3 |
high-volume MICT with hypocaloric diet | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | -8.3% | reduced | #4 |
high-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | -9.7% | reduced | #5 |
low-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | -6.9% | reduced | #6 |
HIIT groups with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | - | significantly higher | #7 |
attention control group with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 16.4% | improved | #8 |
high-volume MICT with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 23.6% | improved | #9 |
high-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 36.7% | improved | #10 |
low-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 30.5% | improved | #11 |
hypocaloric diet combined with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week | decrease | medication | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 7.6% | removed | #12 |
hypocaloric diet combined with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week | decrease | medication | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | 37.7% | reduced | #13 |
high-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | decrease | body mass | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | - | better for reducing | #14 |
low-volume HIIT with hypocaloric diet | increase | cardiorespiratory fitness | overweight/obese, sedentary participants with hypertension | - | time-efficient method | #15 |
Background Both exercise training and diet are recommended to prevent and control hypertension and overweight/obesity. Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of different 16-week aerobic exercise programmes with hypocaloric diet on blood pressure, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and pharmacological treatment. Methods Overweight/obese, sedentary participants ( n = 175, aged 54.0 ± 8.2 years) with hypertension were randomly assigned into an attention control group (physical activity recommendations) or one of three supervised exercise groups (2 days/week: high-volume with 45 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), high-volume and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), alternating high and moderate intensities, and low-volume HIIT (20 minutes)). All variables were assessed pre- and post-intervention. All participants received the same hypocaloric diet. Results Following the intervention, there was a significant reduction in blood pressure and body mass in all groups with no between-group differences for blood pressure. However, body mass was significantly less reduced in the attention control group compared with all exercise groups (attention control -6.6%, high-volume MICT -8.3%, high-volume HIIT -9.7%, low-volume HIIT -6.9%). HIIT groups had significantly higher cardiorespiratory fitness than high-volume MICT, but there were no significant between-HIIT differences (attention control 16.4%, high-volume MICT 23.6%, high-volume HIIT 36.7%, low-volume HIIT 30.5%). Medication was removed in 7.6% and reduced in 37.7% of the participants. Conclusions The combination of hypocaloric diet with supervised aerobic exercise 2 days/week offers an optimal non-pharmacological tool in the management of blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in overweight/obese and sedentary individuals with hypertension. High-volume HIIT seems to be better for reducing body mass compared with low-volume HIIT. The exercise-induced improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is intensity dependent with low-volume HIIT as a time-efficient method in this population. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration: NCT02283047.