Effects of dried tofu supplementation during interval walking training on the methylation of the NFKB2 gene in the whole blood of older women.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether dried tofu intake during interval walking training enhanced thigh muscle mass and strength and reduced inflammation susceptibility in older women.
Results Summary
Dried tofu supplementation during interval walking training increased methylation in the NFKB2 gene promoter region more than placebo, but no significant differences were observed in thigh muscle strength or cross-sectional area between groups.
Population
Older women (~65 years) who had been performing interval walking training for over 6 months.
Effective Dosage
111 kcal, 9.6 g protein, 6.0 g fat, and 4.6 g carbohydrate per serving, consumed immediately after daily exercise.
Duration
5 months
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dried tofu intake during 5-month interval walking training | increase | thigh muscle mass and strength | older women | - | enhanced increases in | #1 |
dried tofu intake during 5-month interval walking training | decrease | inflammation | older women | - | ameliorated susceptibility to | #2 |
dried tofu intake during interval walking training | increase | methylation at sites in the promoter region of the NFKB2 gene | DTG (dried tofu intake group) | - | the methylation increased at 4/6 sites in the promoter region of the NFKB2 gene in the whole blood | #3 |
dried tofu intake during interval walking training | increase | average methylation of the 6 sites in the NFKB2 gene promoter | DTG (dried tofu intake group) | 18% | an 18% increase in the average methylation of the 6 sites | #4 |
placebo intake during interval walking training | no change | methylation at sites in the promoter region of the NFKB2 gene | PLG (placebo intake group) | no significant increase | the increase occurred at only 2/6 sites, with no significant increase in the average methylation of the 6 sites | #5 |
dried tofu supplementation during IWT | no change | thigh muscle strength | older women | - | No significant differences were observed in increases in | #6 |
dried tofu supplementation during IWT | no change | thigh muscle cross-sectional area | older women | - | No significant differences were observed in increases in | #7 |
dried tofu supplementation during IWT | increase | methylation of the NFKB2 gene | older women | - | likely enhanced the methylation of the NFKB2 gene more than IWT alone | #8 |
dried tofu supplementation during IWT | no change | thigh muscle strength | older women | - | without detectably enhanced increases in | #9 |
dried tofu supplementation during IWT | no change | thigh muscle cross-sectional area | older women | - | without detectably enhanced increases in | #10 |
Muscle atrophy with aging is closely associated with chronic systemic inflammation and lifestyle-related diseases. Here, we assessed whether dried tofu intake during 5-month interval walking training (IWT) enhanced increases in thigh muscle mass and strength and ameliorated susceptibility to inflammation in older women. Subjects (n = 32, ~ 65 years) who performed IWT for > 6 months participated in this study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: IWT + placebo intake (PLG, n = 16; 108 kcal, 0.2 g protein, 5.5 g fat, and 14.4 g carbohydrate) and IWT + dried tofu intake (DTG, n = 16; 111 kcal, 9.6 g protein, 6.0 g fat, and 4.6 g carbohydrate). They were instructed to repeat ≥ 5 sets of fast and slow walking for 3 min each at ≥ 70 and 40% peak aerobic capacity for walking, respectively, per day for ≥ 4 days/week. Immediately after daily exercise, subjects were instructed to consume the supplements assigned to each group. In the DTG, after IWT, the methylation increased at 4/6 sites in the promoter region of the NFKB2 gene in the whole blood (all, P < 0.04), with an 18% increase in the average methylation of the 6 sites (P = 0.035). On the other hand, in the PLG, the increase occurred at only 2/6 sites, with no significant increase in the average methylation of the 6 sites. No significant differences were observed in increases in thigh muscle strength or cross-sectional area between the groups (all, P > 0.2). Altogether, dried tofu supplementation during IWT likely enhanced the methylation of the NFKB2 gene more than IWT alone, without detectably enhanced increases in thigh muscle strength or cross-sectional area.