Effects of a Low-Calorie, Low-Carbohydrate Soy Containing Diet on Systemic Inflammation Among Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of a low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet on inflammation, serum leptin levels, and other metabolic markers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Results Summary
The low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy-containing diet significantly reduced fasting blood sugar, serum insulin, hs-CRP levels, and blood pressure compared to other diets. It also showed potential benefits in reducing NAFLD severity, with some patients no longer meeting NAFLD criteria after the trial.
Population
45 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
8 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | fasting blood sugar (FBS) | patients with NAFLD | -11.6±2.8 vs. -6.3±1.7 and -3.1±1.0 mg/dl | reduced | #1 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | serum insulin level | patients with NAFLD | -5.1±1.2 vs. -1.2±0.3 and -1.7±0.5 mg/dl | reduced | #2 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | Serum hs-CRP level | patients with NAFLD | -0.8±0.1 vs. -0.1±0.06 and -0.1±0.06 mg/dl | reduced | #3 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | systolic blood pressure | patients with NAFLD | - | reduced | #4 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | diastolic blood pressure | patients with NAFLD | - | reduced | #5 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | no change | leptin level | patients with NAFLD | - | tended to be different | #6 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | NAFLD | patients in each intervention group | 5 patients | did not have | #7 |
low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet | decrease | grade 1 | patients in grade 2 at the beginning | 5 patients | moved to | #8 |
Few studies have focused on the effects of a soy containing diet on inflammation and serum leptin level among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of such a diet in patients with NAFLD. Forty-five patients with NAFLD participated in this parallel randomized clinical trial for 8 weeks. Patients were randomly allocated to these 3 groups: 1) a low-calorie diet, 2) low-calorie low-carbohydrate diet, and 3) low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet. Low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS) and serum insulin level significantly compared to other 2 groups (-11.6±2.8 vs. -6.3±1.7 and -3.1±1.0 mg/dl for FBS; and -5.1±1.2 vs. -1.2±0.3 and -1.7±0.5 mg/dl for serum insulin level). Serum hs-CRP level was also reduced significantly following low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet (-0.8±0.1 vs. -0.1±0.06 and -0.1±0.06 mg/dl). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced significantly. Changes in leptin level tended to be different among 3 groups. After trial, 5 patients in each intervention group did not have NAFLD. From 6 patients in grade 2 at the beginning only 1 patient remained and others moved to grade 1. Low-calorie low-carbohydrate soy containing diet could reduce glycemic indices, hs CRP, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a significant level in patients with NAFLD. However, these effects were dependent on baseline weight and further studies are needed to clarify the effect of such interventions in subjects with different BMI categories.