Magnesium Supplementation and the Effects on Wound Healing and Metabolic Status in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of magnesium supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in subjects with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).
Results Summary
Magnesium supplementation significantly improved serum magnesium levels, reduced ulcer dimensions (length, width, depth), enhanced glucose metabolism (lowered fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c), decreased inflammation (hs-CRP), and increased antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to placebo.
Population
70 subjects with grade 3 diabetic foot ulcers.
Effective Dosage
250 mg magnesium oxide daily.
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
magnesium oxide supplements | increase | serum magnesium | subjects with grade 3 DFU | +0.3 ± 0.3 vs. -0.1 ± 0.2 mg/dL | resulted in a significant increase | #1 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | ulcer length | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -1.8 ± 2.0 vs. -0.9 ± 1.1 cm | significant reductions | #2 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | ulcer width | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -1.6 ± 2.0 vs. -0.8 ± 0.9 cm | significant reductions | #3 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | ulcer depth | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -0.8 ± 0.8 vs. -0.3 ± 0.5 cm | significant reductions | #4 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | fasting plasma glucose | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -45.4 ± 82.6 vs. -10.6 ± 53.7 mg/dL | significant reductions | #5 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | serum insulin values | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -2.4 ± 5.6 vs. +1.5 ± 9.6 μIU/mL | significant reductions | #6 |
magnesium supplementation | decrease | HbA1c | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -0.7 ± 1.5 vs. -0.1 ± 0.4% | significant reductions | #7 |
magnesium supplementation | increase | quantitative insulin sensitivity check index | subjects with grade 3 DFU | +0.01 ± 0.01 vs. -0.004 ± 0.02 | significant rise | #8 |
magnesium | decrease | serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) | subjects with grade 3 DFU | -19.6 ± 32.5 vs. -4.8 ± 11.2 mg/L | significant decrease | #9 |
magnesium | increase | plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations | subjects with grade 3 DFU | +6.4 ± 65.2 vs. -129.9 ± 208.3 mmol/L | significant increase | #10 |
UNLABELLED: Hypomagnesemia is associated with the development of neuropathy and abnormal platelet activity, both of which are risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of magnesium administration on wound healing and metabolic status in subjects with DFU. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 70 subjects with grade 3 DFU. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (35 subjects each group) to receive either 250 mg magnesium oxide supplements or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention wound depth and appearance were scored in accordance with the "Wagner-Meggitt's" wound assessment tool. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after the 12-week intervention to assess related markers. After the 12-week treatment, compared with the placebo, magnesium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in serum magnesium (+0.3 ± 0.3 vs. -0.1 ± 0.2 mg/dL, P < 0.001) and significant reductions in ulcer length (-1.8 ± 2.0 vs. -0.9 ± 1.1 cm, P = 0.01), width (-1.6 ± 2.0 vs. -0.8 ± 0.9 cm, P = 0.02), and depth (-0.8 ± 0.8 vs. -0.3 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.003). In addition, significant reductions in fasting plasma glucose (-45.4 ± 82.6 vs. -10.6 ± 53.7 mg/dL, P = 0.04), serum insulin values (-2.4 ± 5.6 vs. +1.5 ± 9.6 μIU/mL, P = 0.04), and HbA1c (-0.7 ± 1.5 vs. -0.1 ± 0.4%, P = 0.03) and a significant rise in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.01 ± 0.01 vs. -0.004 ± 0.02, P = 0.01) were seen following supplementation of magnesium compared with the placebo. Additionally, compared with the placebo, taking magnesium resulted in significant decrease in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (-19.6 ± 32.5 vs. -4.8 ± 11.2 mg/L, P = 0.01) and significant increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations (+6.4 ± 65.2 vs. -129.9 ± 208.3 mmol/L, P < 0.001). Overall, magnesium supplementation for 12 weeks among subjects with DFU had beneficial effects on parameters of ulcer size, glucose metabolism, serum hs-CRP, and plasma TAC levels. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: http://www.irct.ir : IRCT201612225623N96.